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Targeted Genome Editing Using Site-Specific Nucleases pp 97–106Cite as

Genome Editing in Sea Urchin

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Abstract

The sea urchin has long been used for biological research as a model organism. Methods for gene transfer, gene disruption and analysis of gene expression in the sea urchin embryo have been established, and the gene regulatory network of sea urchin endomesoderm specification has been elucidated recently. To analyze the functional linkage among regulatory genes for construction of the gene regulatory network, the function of each regulatory gene is perturbed, and the subsequent qualitative and quantitative analyses of the responses are determined. For this purpose, gene knockdown by morpholino antisense oligonucleotides has been routinely performed. Furthermore, to investigate the cis-regulatory mechanism responsible for spatiotemporal expression of regulatory genes, transfer of an external reporter gene has been carried out. However, genetic engineering, such as knockout and knock-in are available only in particular model organisms and have not been applied to sea urchin research. Recently, a new technology for targeted genome editing using programmable nucleases, such as zinc finger nuclease (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) and RNA-guided endonucleases CRISPR/Cas9 have been developed. In this chapter, I introduce the successful applications of ZFN and TALEN technologies in sea urchin research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan

    Naoaki Sakamoto

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  1. Naoaki Sakamoto
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Correspondence to Naoaki Sakamoto .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan

    Takashi Yamamoto

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Sakamoto, N. (2015). Genome Editing in Sea Urchin. In: Yamamoto, T. (eds) Targeted Genome Editing Using Site-Specific Nucleases. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55227-7_6

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