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Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Dementia

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Book cover Neuroimaging Diagnosis for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias

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Abstract

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can be used to investigate metabolite changes and shows potential for clinical study and diagnosis of degenerative disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The common features of those degenerative disorders include a decrease in the concentration of NAA or in the NAA/Cr ratio and increase in the concentration of mIns or in the mIns/Cr ratio. Moreover, these findings tend to be regionally specific to the diseases, for example, to the hippocampus and the posterior cingulate and precuneal cortices in cases of AD, to the occipital lobe in cases of DLB, and to the frontal lobe in cases of FTD. Therefore MRS has potential clinical utility to differentiate those disorders. However, this approach may not be thoroughly established due to the inherent difficulty of quantitative measurement of metabolites, and therefore its utility is still limited to the local institutional level. In this section, we first briefly introduce the basic theory and principal methodologies of MRS, which may be useful to cultivate a better understanding of targeting for clinicians and neuroscientists, and then discuss the clinical uses of MRS in dementia by reviewing the literature.

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  1. Division of Biomedical MR Science, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cyo, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan

    Akihiko Shiino

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  1. Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology & Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiroshi Matsuda

  2. Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

    Takashi Asada

  3. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan

    Aya Midori Tokumaru

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Shiino, A. (2017). Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Dementia. In: Matsuda, H., Asada, T., Tokumaru, A. (eds) Neuroimaging Diagnosis for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55133-1_7

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