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Diversity and Phylogeny of Marine Parasitic Dinoflagellates

  • Chapter
Marine Protists

Abstract

The dinoflagellates are an assemblage of autotrophic, myxotrophic and heterotrophic species and play important roles in marine ecosystems. Most of them are free-living, but several are known as symbionts of marine invertebrates or as parasites of aquatic animals and protists. Molecular phylogenetic studies on parasitic dinoflagellates reveal that the parasitism has evolved polyphyletically appearing several times independently within the division Dinophyta. The Dinophyta consists of “core” dinoflagellates (typical dinoflagellates) and “basal” dinoflagellates. Within the basal dinoflagellates, the parasitic clades of Perkinsea, Ellobiophyceae and Syndiniophyceae are recognized. A large portion of environmental clone sequences recovered from various parts of the oceanic environments are thought to be members of the parasitic order Syndiniales (Syndiniophyceae). Therefore, the ecological function of parasitic dinoflagellates in the ocean is now better understood. The members of parasitic genera such as Parvilucifera (Perkinsea) and Amoebophrya (Syndiniophyceae) infect other dinoflagellates; therefore, much attention has been paid, because of their possible ability to control harmful algal blooms (HABs). The parasitism has also evolved within the “core” dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) a number of times. These include Blastodinium, Chytriodinium, Dissodinium, Haplozoon, Oodinium, Paulsenella and Tintinnophagus. Because there are already several reviews on diversity of parasitic dinoflagellates, in this volume, only recent developments in phylogenetic studies on parasitic marine dinoflagellates are mainly reviewed here.

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank to the following colleagues for kindly providing the images of parasitic dinoflagellates, Dr. Gerhard Drebes, Dr. Mona Hoppenrath, Dr. Susumu Ohtsuka and Dr. Yoshihito Takano. My sincere thanks go to Dr. Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez for kindly reading the manuscript. I also would like to thank my former students, Ms. Ai Harada and Mr. Kosho Ishiguro, who worked on parasitic dinoflagellates with me.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan

    Takeo Horiguchi

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  1. Takeo Horiguchi
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Correspondence to Takeo Horiguchi .

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  1. Takehara Marine Science Station, Setouchi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Takehara, Hiroshima, Japan

    Susumu Ohtsuka

  2. Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan

    Toshinobu Suzaki

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

    Takeo Horiguchi

  4. Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

    Noritoshi Suzuki

  5. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifi que – CNRS, University Pierre and Marie Curie – UPMC Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France

    Fabrice Not

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Horiguchi, T. (2015). Diversity and Phylogeny of Marine Parasitic Dinoflagellates. In: Ohtsuka, S., Suzaki, T., Horiguchi, T., Suzuki, N., Not, F. (eds) Marine Protists. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55130-0_16

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