Abstract
The attempts to develop naturalized, autonomous, human-independent intelligent systems are obstructed by the lack of recognition of human involvement and of its role in the present paradigm of computation. Turing machines, as well as their physical world implementations require involvement of human generation of meaning. Intelligence, natural or artificial has to involve some forms of subjective experience. Naturalized computation cannot depend on the concept of human goal-oriented one-way action, but has to be based on interaction. These three postulates can be formulated and implemented in theoretical models based on the concepts of information, its integration, and its dynamics. Naturalization of intelligence can use experience of phenomenology formulated for studying human subjective experience only indirectly and in limited degree due to its dependence on human characteristics, its focus on the natural language, and methodological insistence on objectification. Closer to the present objectives was never fully realized program of aesthetics postulated by Baumgarten in the eighteenth century as the science of sensuous knowing concentrated on the concept of beauty introduced by Hutcheson. The concept of information integration can be used for this purpose in the context of naturalization of artificial intelligence.
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Schroeder, M.J. (2015). Towards Cyber-Phenomenology: Aesthetics and Natural Computing in Multi-Level Information Systems. In: Suzuki, Y., Hagiya, M. (eds) Recent Advances in Natural Computing. Mathematics for Industry, vol 9. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55105-8_5
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