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Neuroprotection by Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Retinal Degeneration

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Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration for Retinal Diseases

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Abstract

Retinitis pigmentosa is an inherited eye disorder that leads to profound vision loss and is characterized by retinal neuron degeneration, fundus pigment changes, optic disc atrophy, and vasculature attenuation. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which contribute to angiogenesis, are categorized into two subpopulations according to their aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. Injection of EPCs with low ALDH activity (Alde-Low) revealed a greater ability for neuroprotection and vasoprotection compared with injection of EPCs with high ALDH activity in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. However, EPCs do not possess direct neuroprotective or vasoprotective ability and must recruit other neuroprotective and vasoprotective cells. Alde-Low EPCs selectively recruited neuroprotective and vasoprotective F4/80+/Ly6c+ monocyte-derived macrophages from bone marrow through CCL2 secretion. F4/80+/Ly6c+ monocyte-derived macrophages from bone marrow were immature and revealed characteristics that differed from those of retinal residual microglia. CCR2 (the receptor for CCL2), neurotrophic factors, and anti-inflammatory mediators were highly expressed in migrated F4/80+/Ly6c+ monocyte-derived macrophages when compared with retinal residual microglia. These new findings suggest that novel therapies using EPCs may delay the progression of retinal degeneration.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a Research Grant from the Study Group on Chorioretinal Degeneration and Optic Atrophy, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan.

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan

    Shinichi Fukuda

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Correspondence to Shinichi Fukuda .

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

    Toru Nakazawa

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan

    Yasushi Kitaoka

  3. Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Inst of Med Sci, Tokyo, Japan

    Takayuki Harada

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Fukuda, S. (2014). Neuroprotection by Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Retinal Degeneration. In: Nakazawa, T., Kitaoka, Y., Harada, T. (eds) Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration for Retinal Diseases. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54965-9_22

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