Abstract
Land degradation in Batang Merao is regarded as one of the major environmental problems that can affect the sustainability of this natural protected area in Kerinci Seblat National Park. The aim of this study was to determine the linkages between land use/land cover (LULC) changes and land degradation using multitemporal Landsat data from 1990, 2000, and 2010. Based on a maximum-likelihood algorithm of the supervised classification method, images were classified into six classes: forest, mixed plantation, tea plantation, shrub/bush, agricultural land, and settlement. The results showed that during the past two decades, two major changes took place. Forest decreased at rates of 330.85 ha year−1 (period of 1990–2000) and 145.25 ha year−1 (period of 2000–2010); on the other hand, agricultural land, mixed plantation, and settlement have shown increments. Concerning land degradation, Batang Merao Watershed exhibited potential soil degradation where the mean annual potential land degradation was 128.03 tons ha−1 year−1 in 1990, 144.68 tons ha−1 year−1 in 2000, and 194.14 tons ha−1 year−1 in 2010. Based on statistical analysis (Pearson’s correlation coefficient), this study reveals a relationship between LULC change and land degradation in that land cover type plays an important role in protecting soil from land degradation in this watershed. Therefore, areas in an extremely high level of land degradation should be recommended as important for a conservation program.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Ananda J, Herath G (2003) Soil erosion in developing countries: a socioeconomic appraisal. J Environ Manag 68:343–353
BSN-National Standardization Agency of Indonesia (2010) Land cover classification. SNI 7645. Bahasa, Indonesia
Congalton RG (1991) A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data. J Remote Sens Environ 37:35–46
Jensen J (2004) Introductory digital image processing: a remote sensing perspective, 3rd edn. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River
Kertész A (2009) The global problem of land degradation and desertification. Hung Geogr Bull 58:19–31
Kusumandari A, Mitchell B (1997) Soil erosion and sediment yield in forest and agro-forestry area in West Java, Indonesia. Soil Water Conserv 52:376–380
Lambin EF, Geist HJ, Lepers E (2003) Dynamics of land use and land cover change in tropical regions. Annu Rev Environ Resour 28:205–241
Leh M, Bajwa S, Chaubey I (2013) Impact of land use change on erosion risk: an integrated remote sensing, geographic information system and modeling methodology. Land Degrad Dev 24:409–421
Maitima J, Reid RS, Gachimbi LN, Majule A, Lyaruu H, Pomery D, Mugatha S, Mathai S, Mugisha S (2004) Regional synthesis paper: the linkages between and land use change, land degradation and biodiversity across East Africa. LUCID working papers 42, pp 1–58
Ohta Y, Nakagoshi N (2011) Analysis of factors affecting the landscape dynamics of islands in Western Japan. In: Hong SK et al (eds) Landscape ecology in Asian cultures. Springer, Tokyo, pp 169–185
Oldeman LR, Hakkeling RTA, Sombroek WG (1991) World map of the status of human-induced soil degradation: an explanatory note. GLASOID Report
Ouyang W, Skidmore AK, Hao F, Wang T (2010) Soil erosion dynamics response to landscape pattern. Sci Total Environ 408:1358–1366
Pôças I, Cunha M, Marcal ARS, Pereira LS (2011) An evaluation of changes in a mountainous rural landscape of Northeast Portugal using remotely sensed data. Landsc Urban Plan 101:2–9
Sharma A, Tiwari K, Bhadoria PBS (2011) Effect of land use land cover change on soil erosion potential in an agricultural watershed. Environ Monit Assess 173:789–801
Turner BL, Meyer WB, Skole DL (1994) Global land-use/land cover change: towards an integrated study. Ambio 23:91–95
Turner BL, Skole DL, Sanderson S, Fischer G, Fresco L, Leman R (1995) Land-use and land cover change: science/research plan. IGBP Report No. 1 and HDP Report No. 7
Verburg PH, Veldkamp TA, Bouma J (1999) Land use change under conditions of high population pressure: the case of Java. Global Environ Chang 9:303–312
Wijitkosum S (2012) Impacts of land use changes on soil erosion in Pa Deng sub-district, adjacent area of Kaeng, Krachan National Park, Thailand. Soil Water Res 7:10–17
Wischmeier WH, Smith DD (1978) Predicting rainfall erosion losses: a guide to conservation planning. In: Agricultural handbook No. 537. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, pp 1–69
Wu HL, Feng ZY (2006) Ecological engineering methods for soil and water conservation in Taiwan. Ecol Eng 28:333–344
Zhou P, Luukkanen O, Tokola T, Nieminen J (2008) Effect of vegetation cover on soil erosion in a mountainous watershed. Catena 75:319–325
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the Center for Development, Education and Training of Indonesian Planner (Pusbindiklatren-Bappenas RI), Regional Development Planning Board of Jambi Province, and the Global Environmental Leaders (GELs) Program of Graduate School for IDEC, Hiroshima University. We thank to Mr. Aris Rusyiana (a staff member of Indonesian Statistics Agency) for his statistical assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Japan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Firdaus, R., Nakagoshi, N., Idris, A., Raharjo, B. (2014). The Relationship Between Land Use/Land Cover Change and Land Degradation of a Natural Protected Area in Batang Merao Watershed, Indonesia. In: Nakagoshi, N., A. Mabuhay, J. (eds) Designing Low Carbon Societies in Landscapes. Ecological Research Monographs. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54819-5_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54819-5_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-54818-8
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-54819-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)