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Schwann Cell–Axon Interactions: The Molecular and Metabolic Link Between Schwann Cells and Axons

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Abstract

Schwann cells and axons have close and complex interactions that determine Schwann cell behavior and fate and support or impair axonal integrity. The interactions are mediated by molecules that are responsible for physical junctions between Schwann cells and axons and also soluble mediators which are generated and bidirectionally transported in the interface. Multiple types of axonal signals are critical for regulating Schwann cell proliferation, differentiation, myelination, and myelin maintenance. At the same time, Schwann cells regulate axonal development and play essential roles for survival of axons. Current evidence suggests that the trophic support of Schwann cells is associated with modulation of axonal metabolism, which is involved in functional maintenance of axonal mitochondria. Further advancement in genetic techniques, transgenic models, and myelinating cultures will elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of Schwann cell–axon interactions that could lead to new therapies of peripheral nervous system diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Molecular Histology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato 1110, Chuo-City, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan

    Nobuhiko Ohno, Takashi Sakoh, Yurika Saitoh & Shinichi Ohno

  2. Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto-City, Nagano, Japan

    Nobuo Terada

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  2. Takashi Sakoh
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Correspondence to Nobuhiko Ohno .

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  1. Department of Sensory and Motor Systems, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan

    Kazunori Sango

  2. Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

    Junji Yamauchi

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Ohno, N., Sakoh, T., Saitoh, Y., Terada, N., Ohno, S. (2014). Schwann Cell–Axon Interactions: The Molecular and Metabolic Link Between Schwann Cells and Axons. In: Sango, K., Yamauchi, J. (eds) Schwann Cell Development and Pathology. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54764-8_4

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