Conclusions: The Way Forward

Abstract

Decentralization measures are multi-dimensional processes of transformation, in which various stakeholders engage in the allocations of different kinds of influence and resources. In developing countries decentralization measures have been attempted in several forms to achieve numerous goals ranging from democratization to economic growth. In the African context, decentralization has been considered crucial to seek a closer fit between the state and society so that more legitimate relations can be constructed between the leaders (who have tended to personalize power and wealth) and the majority of populations (who have not significantly benefited from the modernization processes in the post-independence era).

[A] powerful case for decentralization can be mounted. Physical and social conditions in Africa favour it as a pragmatic response to the problems of government. The inability of the central government to reach its citizens effectively suggests that something else is necessary. The continuing strength of the democratic norm in the city and countryside demonstrates the persistent desire of people to participate in the management of their own affairs.

Nelson Kasfir, 1993, p. 25