Abstract
Supercritical water treatment (380°C/100 MPa/8 s) was applied to extractive-free sapwood portion of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and the fractionated products were comparatively characterized, for water-soluble portion and water-insoluble portion composed of methanol-soluble portion and methanol-insoluble residue. As a result, the water-soluble portion was determined to be composed of carbohydrate-derived products such as organic acids, sugar-decomposed products, lignin-derived products, etc. The methanol-soluble portion was, on the other hand, mainly composed of lignin-derived products, whereby it consisted of solely guaiacyl-type lignin, representing the nature of softwood. The methanol-insoluble residue was also mainly composed of lignin to be 92.0% in its content. Moreover, the phenolic hydroxyl content determined by aminolysis method was 36.3 PhOH/100 C9. Furthermore, an alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation analysis indicated that, the methanol-insoluble residue was less in oxidation products compared to untreated sample. These lines of evidence suggest that methanol-insoluble residue is composed of lignin with more condensed-type of linkages with high phenolic hydroxyl groups. In addition, the water-soluble portion could be utilized for organic acid production, whereas the methanol-soluble portion and its insoluble residue for phenolic chemical production.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ehara K, Saka S, Kawamoto H (2002) Characterization of the lignin-derived products from wood as treated in supercritical water. J Wood Sci 48:320–325
Varman M, Miyafuji H, Saka S (2010) Fractionation and characterization of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) as treated by supercritical water. J Wood Sci 56:488–494
Whiting P, Favis BD, St-Germain FGT, Goring DAI (1981) Fractional separation of middle lamella and secondary wall tissue from spruce wood. J Wood Chem Technol 1:29–42
Lai YZ (1992) Determination of phenolic hydroxyl groups. In: Lin SY, Dence CW (eds) Methods in lignin chemistry. Springer, Berlin, pp 423–433
Katahira R, Nakatsubo F (2001) Determination of nitrobenzene oxidation products by GC and H-1-NMR spectroscopy using 5-iodovanillin as a new internal standard. J Wood Sci 47:378–382
Yoshida K, Miyafuji H, Saka S (2009) Effect of pressure on organic acids production from Japanese beech treated in supercritical water. J Wood Sci 55:203–208
Ralph J, Hatfield RD (1991) Pyrolysis–GC–MS characterization of forage materials. J Agric Food Chem 39:1426–1437
Chen CL (1992) Nitrobenzene and cupric oxide oxidations. In: Lin SY, Dence CW (eds) Methods in lignin chemistry. Springer, Berlin, pp 301–320
Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful for the financial support provided under the GCOE program, Kyoto University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer
About this paper
Cite this paper
Varman, M., Saka, S. (2011). Fractionation of Japanese Cedar and Its Characterization as Treated by Supercritical Water. In: Yao, T. (eds) Zero-Carbon Energy Kyoto 2010. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53910-0_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53910-0_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-53909-4
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-53910-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)