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Groundwater and Subsurface Environments pp 201–230Cite as

Evolution of the Subsurface Thermal Environment in Urban Areas: Studies in Large Cities in East Asia

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Abstract

Temporal variation in the ground surface temperature (GST) propagates downward and disturbs the subsurface temperature structure. Analysis of subsurface temperature profiles gives information on the past GST history. For investigation of subsurface thermal environment evolution in urban areas, we reconstructed GST history from borehole temperature data obtained in large cities in East Asia. Most of the estimated GST histories show significant surface warming in the last century. In the Bangkok area, the amount of the GST increase is larger in the city center than in suburban and rural areas, corresponding to the degree of urbanization. The amount of heat accumulated in the subsurface due to surface warming, which can be calculated at the sites where GST histories were reconstructed, is a useful indicator of the subsurface thermal environment. We conducted monitoring of borehole temperature and soil temperature aiming to observe process of downward propagation of GST variation. Data obtained in some wells exhibit periodic or long-term temperature variations attributable to human activities. Soil temperatures measured within 1 m of the ground surface show prominent annual variation and provide information on the relation between GST and air temperature.

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Acknowledgements

Measurements of borehole temperature profiles and long-term monitoring of soil/borehole water temperature were conducted by Japanese and foreign members of the research project “Human Impacts on Urban Subsurface Environment”, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) in cooperation with the Lake Biwa Museum, Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taiwan, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, especially with assistance of K. Takahashi, M. Koizumi, and V. Harcouet.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Makoto Yamano

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  1. Makoto Yamano
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Correspondence to Makoto Yamano .

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  1. Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan

    Makoto Taniguchi D.Sc (Professor) (Professor)

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Yamano, M. (2011). Evolution of the Subsurface Thermal Environment in Urban Areas: Studies in Large Cities in East Asia. In: Taniguchi, M. (eds) Groundwater and Subsurface Environments. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53904-9_11

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