Abstract
Flower visitors recently decreased in the Ogasawara Islands which are subtropical Pacific oceanic islands located 1,000 km south from Japan mainland. The aim of this study was to determine the main cause of this pollinator decline. We assumed four hypothesis, (i) honeybee competition hypothesis, (ii) forest decline hypothesis, (iii) agricultural insecticides hypothesis, and (iv) anole predation hypothesis. They were tested by distribution survey in the field, historical survey using literature, and predation experiment using mesh cages. As a result, the factors affecting the distribution among the islands and the timing of observed declines of native pollinators supported the anole predation hypothesis rather than other hypotheses. In addition, result of experimental predation test well explained the composition of flower visitors in the main islands (Chichi-jima and Haha-jima). So, we concluded that one invasive predator (the anole) has changed the pollination network in the Ogasawara Islands. To conserve the native pollination network, eradication of this invasive predator should take priority over the eradication of honeybees.
Reprinted from Abe T, Makino S, Okochi I (2008) Biodiversity and Conservation 17:1465–1473, with permission of Springer.
Received: 28 May 2007 / Accepted: 25 January 2008 / Published online: 27 February 2008 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by funding from Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research no. 15770018) and Ministry of the Environment (Global Environment Research Fund F-051). We also thank Takaya Yasui, Yuka Kato, Kat-suyuki Wada, Fumiko Shibazaki, and the Ogasawara National Forest Office for their support of our fieldwork.
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Abe, T., Makino, S., Okochi, I. (2010). Why have endemic pollinators declined on the Ogasawara Islands?. In: Kawakami, K., Okochi, I. (eds) Restoring the Oceanic Island Ecosystem. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53859-2_13
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