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Chemie pp 315–318Cite as

Lanthanoide Cer Ce, Praseodym Pr, Neodym Nd, Promethium Pm, Samarium Sm, Europium Eu, Gadolinium Gd, Terbium Tb, Dysprosium Dy, Holmium Ho, Erbium Er, Thulium Tm, Ytterbium Yb, Lutetium Lu

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Die Valenzbetätigung erfolgt meist nur durch die äußeren drei Elektronen der Konfiguration 4f 6s2, bei Gadolinium und Lutetium aber durch die 5d 6s2-Elektronen. Als energetisch besonders stabil erweisen sich die vollbesetzten f-Orbitale f14 bei Ytterbium und Lutetium und die halbbesetzten f7 bei Europium und Gadolinium.

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© 2006 B.G. Teubner Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden

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(2006). Lanthanoide Cer Ce, Praseodym Pr, Neodym Nd, Promethium Pm, Samarium Sm, Europium Eu, Gadolinium Gd, Terbium Tb, Dysprosium Dy, Holmium Ho, Erbium Er, Thulium Tm, Ytterbium Yb, Lutetium Lu. In: Chemie. Teubner. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8351-9047-4_28

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