Introduction

Abstract

Management practices have been widely studied in the strategic management and organization research literature. Major questions articulated were how organizations formulate strategies, evaluate a competitive strategy, achieve market orientation or gain competitive advantage through management practices. A number of management frameworks have been developed and applied to assure a systematic approach to management practices. While strategic planning activities or organizational aspects have seen in-depth inquiry, actual strategy implementation has hardly been considered. However, in recent years, this aspect of management gets increasing attention from executives and researchers, validating the remark that “the bestlaid plans are worthless if they cannot be implemented successfully.” In this sense, recent research suggests that the majority of implementation efforts are in fact unsuccessful.