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Retinoic acid in mucosal immune-regulation

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Th 17 Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

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Abstract

The vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), and transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) are both abundantly produced in the gut and are known to play significant roles in a variety of developmental processes, including the differentiation of lymphocyte lineages. TGF-ß mediates the direct inhibition of Th1 and Th2 cytokine polarization concomitant with the generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Paradoxically, along with inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, it also induces the differentiation of pro-inflammatory IL-17-producing CD4 helper T cells (Th17). RA, in contrast, is able under certain conditions to stimulate Th2 differentiation and it is a profound inhibitor of IFN-g synthesis. Additionally, RA has been shown to efficiently promote gut tropism. We recently described RA as a key modulator of TGF-ß-driven immune deviation capable of suppressing Th17 differentiation while promoting Foxp3+Treg generation. Here we discuss how RA can affect mucosal immune regulation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA

    Daniel Mucida & Hilde Cheroutre

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  1. Daniel Mucida
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  2. Hilde Cheroutre
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Immunology and Embryology, University of Orléans and CNRS UMR6218, 45071, Orléans, France

    Valérie Quesniaux  & Bernhard Ryffel  & 

  2. Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, NIBR WSJ 386-906, 4002, Basel, Switzerland

    Franco Di Padova

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© 2009 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel/Switzerland

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Mucida, D., Cheroutre, H. (2009). Retinoic acid in mucosal immune-regulation. In: Quesniaux, V., Ryffel, B., Di Padova, F. (eds) Th 17 Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease. Progress in Inflammation Research. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8681-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8681-8_5

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7643-8680-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7643-8681-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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