Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Design, conduct and analysis of surveys on work-related asthma

  • Chapter
Occupational Asthma

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

Abstract

Surveys on work-related asthma serve public health investigation, research on exposure-response relations, screening for pre-clinical disease, and demonstrations of effectiveness of interventions. Hypotheses dictate survey design, which include cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, and intervention studies. Tools for characterizing medical risk factors and outcomes include questionnaires, spirometry, tests of bronchial hyperreactivity, exhaled indices, induced sputum, immunological tests, and nasal inflammatory indices. An important component of surveys is exposure assessment to compare a population to existing literature and other surveys with attention to exposure level, range, and variability among workers. Allergen exposures are challenging to characterize with respect to peak exposures and evolving immunochemical measurement methods. Exposure assessment strategies are developing rapidly for analysis of exposure-response relationships, whether for sensitization to allergens or for respiratory symptoms or diagnoses. Power calculations should guide decisions about whether to implement surveys. Research needs include surveys of populations with irritant or neutrophilic asthma and populations in damp buildings. The relevance of dermal exposure to sensitizers requires examination as a risk factor for asthma. New causes of work-related asthma may be identified by surveying industries with excess asthma in populationbased studies that do not have recognized causes of asthma.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Rudd RA, Moorman JE (2007) Asthma incidence: Data from the National Health Interview Survey, 1980–1996. J Asthma 44: 65–70

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Kogevinas M, Zock JP, Jarvis D, Kromhout H, Lillienberg L, Plana E, Radon K, Torén K, Alliksoo A, Benke G, et al (2007) Exposure to substances in the workplace and newonset asthma: An international prospective population-based study (ECRHS-II). Lancet 370: 336–341

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Hnizdo E, Sylvain D, Lewis DM, Pechter E, Kreiss K (2004) New-onset asthma associated with exposure to 3-amino-5-mercapto-1, 2, 4-triazole. J Occup Environ Med 46: 1246–1252

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Hoffman RE, Wood RC, Kreiss K (1993) Building-related asthma in Denver office workers. Am J Public Health 83: 89–93

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Cox-Ganser JM, White SK, Jones R, Hilsbos K, Storey E, Enright PL, Rao CY, Kreiss K (2005) Respiratory morbidity in office workers in a water-damaged building. Environ Health Perspect 113: 485–490

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Peretz C, de Pater N, de Monchy J, Oostenbrink J, Heederik D (2005) Assessment of exposure to wheat flour and the shape of its relationship with specific sensitization. Scand J Work Environ Health 31: 65–74

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Jacobs JH, Meijster T, Meijer E, Suarthana E, Heederik D (2008) Wheat allergen exposure and the prevalence of work-related sensitization and allergy in bakery workers. Allergy 63: 1597–604

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Elliott L, Heederik D, Marshall S, Peden D, Loomis D (2005) Incidence of allergy and allergy symptoms among workers exposed to laboratory animals. Occup Environ Med 62: 766–771

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Gautrin D, Ghezzo H, Infante-Rivard C, Magnan M, L’archevêque J, Suarthana E, Malo JL (2008) Long-term outcomes in a prospective cohort of apprentices exposed to highmolecular-weight agents. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 177: 871–879

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Cullinan P, Lowson D, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Sandiford C, Tee RD, Venables KM, McDonald JC, Newman Taylor AJ (1994) Work related symptoms, sensitisation, and estimated exposure in workers not previously exposed to flour. Occup Environ Med 51: 579–583

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Cullinan P, Acquilla SD, Dhara VR (1996) Long-term morbidity in survivors of the 1984 Bhopal gas leak. Natl Med J India 9: 5–10

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Elliot L, Heederik D, Marshall S, Peden D, Loomis D (2005) Progression of self-reported symptoms in laboratory animal allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 116: 127–132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Gautrin D, Ghezzo H, Infante-Rivard C, Malo JL (2001) Natural history of sensitization, symptoms and occupational diseases in apprentices exposed to laboratory animals. Eur Respir J 17: 904–908

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Krop EJM, Heederik D, Lutter R, Meer G, Aalberse RC, Jansen HM, van der Zee JM (2009) Association between pre-employment immunologic and airway mucosal factors and the development of occupational allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 123: 694–700

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Kruize H, Post W, Heederik D, Martens B, Hollander A, van der Beek E (1997) Respiratory allergy in laboratory animal workers: A retrospective cohort study using preemployment screening data. Occup Environ Med 54: 830–835

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Portengen L, Hollander A, Doekes G, de Meer G, Heederik D (2003) Lung function decline in laboratory animal workers: The role of sensitisation and exposure. Occup Environ Med 60: 870–875

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Toren K, Brisman J, Jarvholm B (1993) Asthma and asthma-like symptoms in adults assessed by questionnaire. A literature review. Chest 104: 600–608

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Pekkanen J, Pearce N (1999) Defining asthma in epidemiologic studies. Eur Respir J 14: 951–957

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ferris BG (1978) Epidemiology standardization project (American Thoracic Society). Am Rev Respir Dis 118: 1–120

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Burney P, Chinn S (1987) Developing a new questionnaire for measuring the prevalence and distribution of asthma. Chest 91 (Suppl. 6): 79s–83s

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Pekkanen J, Sunyer J, Anto JM, Burney P, on behalf of the European Community Respiratory Health Study (ECRHS) (2005) Operational definitions of asthma in studies on its aetiology. Eur Respir J 26: 28–35

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Venables KM, Farrer N, Sharp L, Graneek BJ, Newman AJ (1993) Respiratory symptoms questionnaire for asthma epidemiology: Validity and reproducibility. Thorax 48: 214–219

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Sunyer J, Pekkanen J, Garcia-Esteban R, Svanes C, Kunzli N, Janson C, de Marco R, Anto J, Burney P (2007) Asthma score: Predictive ability and risk factors. Allergy 62: 142–148

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Grassi M, Rezzani C, Biino G, Marinoni A (2003) Asthma-like symptoms assessment through ECRHS screening questionnaire scoring. J Clin Epidemiol 56: 238–247

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1996) Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994, NHANES III Examination Survey. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (Public use data file documentation No. 76300.)

    Google Scholar 

  26. National Center for Health Statistics (2002) Data File Documentation, National Health Interview Survey, 2002 (machine readable data file and documentation). National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD

    Google Scholar 

  27. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2008) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Questionnaire. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

    Google Scholar 

  28. van Rooy FG, Smit LA, Houba R, Zaat VA, Rooyackers JM, Heederik DJ (2009) A cross-sectional study on lung function and respiratory symptoms among chemical workers producing diacetyl for food flavorings. Occup Environ Med 66: 105–110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Sahakian N, White S, Park J-H, Cox-Ganser J, Kreiss K (2008) Identification of mold and dampness-associated respiratory morbidity in two schools: Comparison of questionnaire survey responses to national data. J Sch Health 78: 32–37

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Laney AS, Cragin LA, Blevins LZ, Sumner AD, Cox-Ganser JM, Kreiss K, Moffatt SG, Lohff CJ (2009) Sarcoidosis, asthma, and asthma-like symptoms among occupants of a historically water-damaged office building. Indoor Air 19: 83–90

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Henneberger PK, Olin AC, Andersson E, Hagberg S, Toren K (2005) The incidence of respiratory symptoms and diseases among pulp mill workers with peak exposures to ozone and other irritant gases. Chest 128: 3028–3037

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Ott MG, Klees JE, Poche SL (2000) Respiratory health surveillance in a toluene diisocyanate production unit, 1967–97: Clinical observations and lung function analyses. Occup Environ Med 57: 43–52

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Leroyer C, Perfetti L, Cartier A, Malo J-L (1998) Can reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS) transform into occupational asthma due to “sensitization” to isocyanates? Thorax 53: 152–153

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Petsonk EL, Wang ML, Lewis DM, Siegel PD, Husberg BJ (2000) Asthma-like symptoms in wood product plant workers exposed to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. Chest 118: 1183–1193

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Day GA, Stefaniak AB, Schuler CR, Stanton ML, Miller WE, Kreiss K, Hoover MD (2007) Exposure pathway assessment at a copper-beryllium alloy facility. Ann Occup Hyg 51: 67–80

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Poulos LM, O’Meara TJ, Hamilton RG, Tovey ER (2002) Inhaled latex allergen (Hevb1). J Allergy Clin Immunol 109: 701–706

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Redlich CA, Herrick CA (2008) Lung/skin connections in occupational lung disease. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 8: 115–119

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Cummings K, Day G, Henneberger P, Kitt M, Kreiss K, Schuler C (2007) Enhanced preventive program at a beryllium oxide ceramics facility reduces beryllium sensitization among new workers. Occup Environ Med 64: 134–140

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Woolhiser MR, Munson AE, Meade BJ (2000) Immunological responses of mice following administration of natural rubber latex proteins by different routes of exposure. Toxicol Sci 55: 343–351

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Tinkle SS, Antonini JM, Rich BA, Roberts JR, Salmen R, DePree K, Adkins EJ (2003) Skin as a route of exposure and sensitization in chronic beryllium disease. Environ Health Perspect 111: 1202–1208

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Bello D, Herrick CA, Smith TJ, Woskie SR, Steicher RP, Cullen MR, Liu Y, Redlich CA (2007) Skin exposure to isocyanates: Reasons for concern. Environ Health Perspect 115: 328–335

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Marks GB, Sunn SM, Woolcock AJ (1992) A scale for the measurement of quality of life in adults with asthma. J Clin Epidemiol 45: 461–472

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Ware J Jr, Kosinski M, Keller SD (1996) A 12-item short-form health survey: Construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care 34: 220–233

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Gannon GF, Burge, S (1997) Serial peak expiratory flow measurement in the diagnosis of occupational asthma. Eur Respir J 24: 57s–63s

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Hollander A, Heederik D, Brunekreef B (1998) Work-related changes in peak expiratory flow among laboratory animal workers. Eur Respir J 11: 929–936

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Hnizdo E, Yan T, Sircar K, Harber P, Fleming J, Glindmeyer HW (2007) Limits of longitudinal decline for the interpretation of annual changes in FEV1 in individuals. Occup Environ Med 64: 701–707

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Longitudinal Data Analysis (SPIROLA) software available at: http: //www.cdc.gov/ niosh/topics/spirometry/spirola.html (accessed 10 October 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Bommarito L, Migliore E, Bugiani M, Heffler E, Guida G, Bucca C, de Marco R, Rolla G on behalf of ECHRS Turin, Italy Study Group (2008) Exhaled nitric oxide in a population sample of adults. Respiration 75: 386–392

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Lemiere C (2007) Induced sputum and exhaled nitric oxide as noninvasive markers of airway inflammation from work exposures. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 7: 133–137

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Lund MB, Oksne PI, Hamre R, Kongerud J (2000) Increased nitric oxide in exhaled air: An early marker of asthma in non-smoking aluminum potroom workers? Occup Environ Med 57: 274–278

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Maniscalco M, Grieco L, Galdi A, Lundberg JO, Sofia M (2004) Increase in exhaled nitric oxide in shoe and leather workers at the end of the work-shift. Occup Med (Lond) 54: 404–407

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Ulvestad B, Lund MB, Bakke B, Djupesland PG, Kongerud J, Boe J (2001) Gas and dust exposure in underground construction is associated with signs of airway inflammation. Eur Respir J 17: 416–421

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Kim JY, Wand MP, Hauser R, Mukherjee S, Herrick RF, Christiani DC (2003) The association of expired nitric oxide with occupational particulate metal exposure. Environ Health Perspect 111: 676–680

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Sundblad BM, Larsson BM, Palmberg L, Larsson K (2002) Exhaled nitric oxide and bronchial responsiveness in healthy subjects exposed to organic dust. Eur Respir J 20: 426–431

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Smit LA, Heederik D, Doekes G, Wouters IM (2009) Exhaled nitric oxide in endotoxinexposed adults: Effect modification by smoking and atopy. Occup Environ Med 66: 251–255

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Akpinar-Elci M, Siegel PD, Cox-Ganser JM, Stemple KJ, White SK, Hilsbos K, Weissman DN (2008) Respiratory inflammatory responses among occupants of a waterdamaged office building. Indoor Air 18: 125–130

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Goldoni M, Catalani S, De Palma G, Manini P, Acampa O, Corradi M, Bergonzi R, Apostoli P, Mutti A (2004) Exhaled breath condensate as a suitable matrix to assess lung dose and effects in workers exposed to cobalt and tungsten. Environ Health Perspect 112: 1293–1298

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Sikkeland LIB, Haug T, Strangeland AM, Flatberg G, Søstrand P, Halvorsen B, Kongerud J (2007) Airway inflammation in paper mill workers. J Occup Environ Med 49: 1135–1142

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Adelroth E, Hedlund U, Blomberg A, Helleday R, Ledin MC, Levin JO, Pourazar J, Sandström T, Järvholm B (2006) Airway inflammation in iron ore miners exposed to dust and diesel exhaust. Eur Respir J 27: 714–719

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Tanaka H, Saikai T, Sugawara H, Takeya I, Tsunematsu K, Matsuura A, Abe S (2002) Workplace-related chronic cough on a mushroom farm. Chest 122: 1080–1085

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Heldal KK, Halstensen AS, Thorn J, Eduard W, Halstensen TS (2003) Airway inflammation in waste handlers exposed to bioaerosols assessed by induced sputum. Eur Respir J 21: 641–645

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Murgia N, Muzi G, Dell’Omo M, Montuschi P, Melchiorri D, Ciabattoni G, Abbritti EP, Orazi N, Sapia IE, Abbritti G (2006) Induced sputum, exhaled breath condensate and nasal lavage fluid in electroplating workers exposed to chromium. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 19: 67–71

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Kreiss K, Day G, Schuler C (2007) Beryllium: A modern industrial hazard. Annu Rev Public Health 28: 259–277

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Redlich CA, Stowe MH, Wisnewski AV, Eisen EA, Karol MH, Lemus R, Holm CT, Chung JS, Sparer J, Liu Y, Woskie SR et al (2001) Subclinical immunologic and physiologic responses in hexamethylene diisocyanate-exposed auto body shop workers. Am J Ind Med 39: 587–597

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Wisnewski AV, Herrick CA, Liu Q, Chen L, Bottomly K, Redlich CA (2003) Human gamma/delta T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production induced by hexamethylene diisocyanate. J Allergy Clin Immunol 112: 538–546

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Shaaban R, Zureik M, Soussan D, Neukirch C, Heinrich J, Sunyer J, Wjst M, Cerveri I, Pin I, Bousquet J et al (2008) Rhinitis and onset of asthma: A longitudinal populationbased study. Lancet 372: 1049–1057

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Heederik D, van Rooy F (2008) Exposure assessment should be integrated in studies on the prevention and management of occupational asthma. Occup Environ Med 65: 149–150

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Allmers HR, Brehler Z, Chen M, Raulf-Heimsoth H, Fels X, Baur X (1998) Reduction of latex aeroallergens and latex-specific IgE antibodies in sensitized workers after removal of powdered natural rubber latex gloves in a hospital. J Allergy Clin Immunol 102: 841–846

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Jones KP, Rolf S, Stingl C, Edmunds D, Davies BH (2004) Longitudinal study of sensitization to natural rubber latex among dental school students using powder-free gloves. Ann Occup Hyg 48: 455–457

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Brosseau LM, Parker DL, Lazovich D, Milton T, Dugan S (2002) Designing intervention effectiveness studies for occupational health and safety: The Minnesota Wood Dust Study. Am J Ind Med 41: 54–61

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Lazovich D, Murray DM, Brosseau LM, Parker DL, Milton FT, Dugan SK (2002) Sample size considerations for studies of intervention efficacy in the occupational setting. Ann Occup Hyg 46: 219–227

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Lazovich D, Parker DL, Brosseau LM, Milton FT, Dugan SK, Pan W, Hock L (2002) Effectiveness of a worksite intervention to reduce an occupational exposure: The Minnesota Wood Dust Study. Am J Public Health 92: 1498–1505

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Meijster T, Warren N, Heederik, D, Tielemans E (2009) Comparison of the effect of different intervention strategies for occupational asthma on the burden of disease in bakers. Occup Environ Med 66: 810–817

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Meijster T, Tielemans E, Schinkel J, Heederik D (2008) Evaluation of peak exposures in the Dutch flour processing industry: Implications for intervention strategies. Ann Occup Hyg 52: 587–596

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Pronk A, Tielemans E, Skarping G, Bobeldijk I, Van Hemmen J, Heederik D, Preller L (2006) Inhalation exposure to isocyanates of car body repair shop workers and industrial spray painters. Ann Occup Hyg 50: 1–14

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Sparer J, Stowe MH, Bello D, Liu Y, Gore RJ, Youngs F, Cullen MR, Redlich CA, Mskie SR (2004) Isocyanate exposures in autobody shop work: The SPRAY study. J Occup Environ Hyg 9: 570–581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. International Standardization Organization (1992) Air quality — particle size fraction definitions for health related sampling. m

    Google Scholar 

  78. Perkins JL (Editor) (1997) Modern industrial hygiene: Vol. I Recognition, evaluation of chemical agents. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Google Scholar 

  79. Perkins JL (Editor) (2002) Modern Industrial Hygiene: Vol. II Biological Aspects. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Google Scholar 

  80. O’Meara TJ, DeLucca S, Sporik R, Graham A, Tovey E (1998) Detection of inhaled cat allergen. Lancet 351: 1488–1489

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Graham JA, Pavlicek PK, Sercombe JK, Xavier ML, Tovey ER (2000) The nasal air sampler: A device for sampling inhaled aeroallergens. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 84: 599–604

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Renström A, Karlsson AS, Tovey E (2002) Nasal air sampling used for the assessment of occupational allergen exposure and the efficacy of respiratory protection. Clin Exp Allergy 32: 1769–1775

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Schlünssen V, Sigsgaard T, Schaumburg I, Kromhout H (2004) Cross-shift changes in FEV1 in relation to wood dust exposure: The implications of different exposure assessment methods. Occup Environ Med 61: 824–830

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Gordon S, Tee RD, Lowson D, Newman Taylor AJ (1992) Comparison and optimization of filter elution methods for the measurement of airborne allergens. Ann Occup Hyg 36: 575–587

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Hollander A, Gordon S, Renström A, Thissen J, Doekes G, Larsson PH, Malmberg P, Venables KM, Heederik D (1999) Comparison of methods to assess airborne rat and mouse allergen levels I. Analysis of air samples. Allergy 54: 142–149

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Renström A, Gordon S, Larsson PH, Tee RD, Newman Taylor AJ, Malmberg P (1997) Comparison of a radioallergosorbent (RAST) inhibition method and a monoclonal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for aeroallergen measurement. Clin Exp Allergy 27: 1314–1321

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Renström A, Hollander A, Gordon S, Thissen J, Doekes G, Larsson P, Venables K, Malmberg P, Heederik D (1999) Comparison of methods to assess airborne rat or mouse allergen levels II. Factors influencing antigen detection. Allergy 54: 150–157

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Zock JP, Hollander A, Doekes G, Heederik D (1996) The influence of different filter elution methods on the measurement of airborne potato antigens. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 57: 567–570

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Lillienberg L, Baur X, Doekes G, Belin L, Raulf-Heimsoth M, Sander I, Ståhl A, Thissen J, Heedrik D (2000) Comparison of four methods to assess fungal α-amylase in flour dust. Ann Occup Hyg 44: 427–433

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Preller L, Heederik D, Kromhout H, Boleij JS, Tielen MJ (1995) Determinants of dust and endotoxin exposure of pig farmers: Development of a control strategy using empirical modeling. Ann Occup Hyg 39: 545–557

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Seixas NS, Sheppard L (1996) Maximizing accuracy and precision using individual and grouped exposure assessments. Scand J Work Environ Health 22: 94–101

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Houba R, Heederik DJ, Doekes G, van Run PE (1996) Exposure-sensitization relationship for α-amylase allergens in the baking industry. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154: 130–136

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Houba R, Heederik D, Doekes G (1998) Wheat sensitization and work related symptoms in the baking industry are preventable: An epidemiological study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 158: 1499–1503

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Heederik D, Venables KM, Malmberg P, Hollander A, Karlsson AS, Renström A, Doekes G, Nieuwenhijsen M, Gordon S (1999) Exposure-response relationships for work-related sensitization in workers exposed to rat urinary allergens: Results from a pooled study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 103: 678–684

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Hollander A, Heederik D, Doekes G (1997) Respiratory allergy to rats: Exposureresponse relationships in laboratory animal workers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 155: 562–567

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Putcha V, Gordon S, Heederik D, Venables KM, Cullinan P, Newman-Taylor AJ (2003) Exposure-response relations among laboratory animal workers exposed to rats. Occup Environ Med 60: 104–108

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Becklake M (1999) Epidemiological approaches in occupational asthma. In: IL Bernstein, M Chan-Yeung, JL Malo, DI Bernstein (eds): Asthma in the Workplace, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York

    Google Scholar 

  98. Marine WM, Gurr D, Jacobsen M (1988) Clinically important respiratory effects of dust exposure and smoking in British coal miners. Am Rev Respir Dis 137: 106–112

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Rose G (1981) Strategy of prevention: Lessons from cardiovascular disease. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 282: 1847–1851

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Berry G (1974) Longitudinal observations, their usefulness and limitations with special reference to the forced expiratory volume. Bull Physiopathol Respir 10: 643–655

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Schlesselman JJ (1973) Planning a longitudinal study. I. Sample size determination. J Chronic Dis 26: 553–560

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Schlesselman JJ (1973) Planning a longitudinal study. II. Frequency of measurement and study duration. J Chronic Dis 26: 561–570

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Douwes J, Gibson P, Pekkanen J, Pearce N (2002) Non-eosinophilic asthma: Importance and possible mechanisms. Thorax 57: 643–648

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Park JH, Cox-Ganser J, Kreiss K, White S, Rao C (2008) Hydrophilic fungi and ergosterol associated with respiratory illness in a water-damaged building. Environ Health Perspect 116: 45–50

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Rd., MS-H 2800, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA

    Kathleen Kreiss

  2. Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80178, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Dick Heederik

Authors
  1. Kathleen Kreiss
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dick Heederik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health Dept. of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University, Bartholin Allé 2, 8000, Århus C, Denmark

    Torben Sigsgaard

  2. Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3508 TD, Utrecht, Netherlands

    Dick Heederik

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Birkhäuser / Springer Basel

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kreiss, K., Heederik, D. (2010). Design, conduct and analysis of surveys on work-related asthma. In: Sigsgaard, T., Heederik, D. (eds) Occupational Asthma. Progress in Inflammation Research. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8556-9_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8556-9_18

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7643-8555-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7643-8556-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation