Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of severe autoimmune diseases

  • Chapter
Antirheumatic Therapy: Actions and Outcomes

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

  • 681 Accesses

Abstract

In humans, autoimmune diseases (ADs) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders with diverse genetic and environmental etiological factors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Marmont A, Gratwohl A, Vischer T (1995) Haematopoietic precursor cell transplants for autoimmune diseases. Lancet 345: 978

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Tamm M, Gratwohl A, Tichelli A, Perruchoud AP, Tyndall A (1996) Autologous haemopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with severe pulmonary hypertension complicating connective tissue disease. Ann Rheum Dis 55(10): 779–780

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Davidson A, Diamond B (2001) Autoimmune diseases. N Engl J Med 345(5): 340–350

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Medzhitov R, Janeway CA, Jr (2002) Decoding the patterns of self and non-self by the innate immune system. Science 296(5566): 298–300

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Tisch R, McDevitt H (1996) Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Cell 85(3): 291–297

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Shevach EM (2002) CD4+ CD25+ suppressor T cells: More questions than answers. Nat Rev Immunol 2(6): 389–400

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kamradt T, Mitchison NA (2001) Tolerance and autoimmunity. N Engl J Med 344(9): 655–664

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. McKendry RJ, Huebsch L, Leclair B (1996) Progression of rheumatoid arthritis following bone marrow transplantation. A case report with a 13-year follow up. Arthritis Rheum 39(7): 1246–1253

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Minchinton RM, Waters AH, Rendra J, Barrett AJ (1982) Autoimmune thrombocytopenia acquired from an allogeneic bone-marrow graft. Lancet 2(8299): 627–629

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Sturfeit G, Lenhoff S, Sallerfors B, Nived O, Truedsson L, Sjoholm AG (1996) Transplantation with allogenic bone marrow from a donor with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): successful outcome in the recipient and induction of an SLE flare in the donor. Ann Rheum Dis 55(9): 638–641

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Denman AM, Russell AS, Denman EJ (1969) Adoptive transfer of the diseases of New Zealand black mice to normal mouse strains. Clin Exp Immunol 5(6): 567–595

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Morton JI, Siegel BV (1974) Transplantation of autoimmune potential. I. Development of antinuclear antibodies in H-2 histocompatible recipients of bone marrow from New Zealand Black mice. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 71(6): 2162–2165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. van Bekkum DW (2000) Stem cell transplantation in experimental models of autoimmune disease. J Clin Immunol 20(1): 10–16

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ikehara S (2001) Treatment of autoimmune diseases by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Exp Hematol 29(6): 661–669

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. van Bekkum DW (2000) Conditioning regimens for the treatment of experimental arthritis with autologous bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 25(4): 357–364

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Knaan-Shanzer S, Houben P, Kinwel-Bohre EP, van Bekkum DW (1991) Remission induction of adjuvant arthritis in rats by total body irradiation and autologous bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 8(5): 333–338

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Tyndall A, Gratwohl A (1997) Hemopoietic blood and marrow transplants in the treatment of severe autoimmune disease. Curr Opin Hematol 4(6): 390–394

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. McSweeney PA, Nash RA, Storb R, Furst DE, Gauthier J, Sullivan KM (1997) Autologous stem cell transplantation for autoimmune diseases: issues in protocol development. J Rheumatol (Suppl) 48: 79–84

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Gratwohl A, Passweg J, Gerber I, Tyndall A (2001) Stem cell transplantation for autoimmune diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 14(4): 755–776

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Binks M, Passweg JR, Furst D, McSweeney P, Sullivan K, Besenthal C et al (2001) Phase I/II trial of autologous stem cell transplantation in systemic sclerosis: Procedure related mortality and impact on skin disease. Ann Rheum Dis 60(6): 577–584

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. McSweeney PA, Nash RA, Sullivan KM, Storek J, Crofford LJ, Dansey R et al (2002) High-dose immunosuppressive therapy for severe systemic sclerosis: Initial outcomes. Blood 100(5): 1602–1610

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Moore J, Milliken S, David, Biggs J, Brooks P (2001) Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for rheumatoid arthritis-Australian experience. J Rheumatol (Suppl) 64: 8–12

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Barron KS, Wallace C, Woolfrey CEA, Laxer RM, Hirsch R, Horwitz M et al (2001) Autologous stem cell transplantation for pediatric rheumatic diseases. J Rheumatol 28(10): 2337–2358

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Traynor AE, Schroeder J, Rosa RM, Cheng D, Stefka J, Mujais S et al (2000) Treatment of severe systemic lupus erythematosus with high-dose chemotherapy and haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation: a phase I study. Lancet 356(9231): 701–707

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Bingham S, Veale D, Fearon U, Isaacs JD, Morgan G, Emery P et al (2002) High-dose cyclophosphamide with stem cell rescue for severe rheumatoid arthritis: Short-term efficacy correlates with reduction of macroscopic and histologic synovitis. Arthritis Rheum 46(3): 837–839

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Douek DC, Vescio RA, Betts MR, Brenchley JM, Hill BJ, Zhang L et al (2000) Assessment of thymic output in adults after haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation and prediction of T-cell reconstitution. Lancet 355(9218): 1875–1881

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Brodsky RA, Petri M, Smith BD, Seifter EJ, Spivak JL, Styler M et al (1998) Immunoablative high-dose cyclophosphamide without stem-cell rescue for refractory, severe autoimmune disease. Ann Intern Med 129(12): 1031–1035

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Baldwin JL, Storb R, Thomas ED, Mannik M (1977) Bone marrow transplantation in patients with gold-induced marrow aplasia. Arthritis Rheum 20(5): 1043–1048

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Jacobs P, Vincent MD, Martell RW (1986) Prolonged remission of severe refractory rheumatoid arthritis following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for drug-induced aplastic anaemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 1(2): 237–239

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Lowenthal RM, Cohen ML, Atkinson K, Biggs JC (1993) Apparent cure of rheumatoid arthritis by bone marrow transplantation. J Rheumatol 20(1): 137–140

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Eedy DJ, Burrows D, Bridges JM, Jones FG (1990) Clearance of severe psoriasis after allogenic bone marrow transplantation. BMJ 300(6729): 908

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Yin JA, Jowitt SN (1992) Resolution of immune-mediated diseases following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for leukaemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 9(1): 31–33

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Vento S, Cainelli F, Renzini C, Ghironzi G, Concia E (1996) Resolution of autoimmune hepatitis after bone-marrow transplantation. Lancet 348(9026): 544–545

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. McAllister LD, Beatty PG, Rose J (1997) Allogeneic bone marrow transplant for chronic myelogenous leukemia in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Bone Marrow Transplant 19(4): 395–397

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Nelson JL, Torrez R, Louie FM, Choe OS, Storb R, Sullivan KM (1997) Pre-existing autoimmune disease in patients with long-term survival after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. J Rheumatol (Suppl) 48: 23–29

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ferraccioli G, Damato R, De Vita S, Fanin R, Damiani D, Baccarani M (2001) Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in a patient with Sjogren’s syndrome and lung malt lymphoma cured lymphoma not the autoimmune disease. Ann Rheum Dis 60(2): 174–176

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Salzman TJ, Jackson C (1994) Clinical remission of myasthenia gravis in a patient after high dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation with CD 34+ stem cells. Blood 94(Suppl): 206a

    Google Scholar 

  38. Euler HH, Marmont AM, Bacigalupo A, Fastenrath S, Dreger P, Hoffknecht M et al (1996) Early recurrence or persistence of autoimmune diseases after unmanipulated autologous stem cell transplantation. Blood 88(9): 3621–3625

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Snowden JA, Patton WN, O’Donnell JL, Hannah EE, Hart DN (1997) Prolonged remission of longstanding systemic lupus erythematosus after autologous bone marrow transplant for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 19(12): 1247–1250

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Meloni G, Capria S, Vignetti M, Mandelli F, Modena V (1997) Blast crisis of chronic myelo-genous leukemia in long-lasting systemic lupus erythematosus: Regression of both diseases after autologous bone marrow transplantation. Blood 89(12): 4659

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Jondeau K, Job-Deslandre C, Bouscary D, Khanlou N, Menkes CJ, Dreyfus F (1997) Remission of nonerosive polyarthritis associated with Sjogren’s syndrome after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for lymphoma. J Rheumatol 24(12): 2466–2468

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Cooley HM, Snowden JA, Grigg AP, Wicks IP (1997) Outcome of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis following autologous stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancy. Arthritis Rheum 40(9):1712–1715

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Kashyap A, Forman SJ (1998) Autologous bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma resulting in long-term remission of coincidental Crohn’s disease. Br J Haematol 103(3): 651–652

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Musso M, Porretto F, Crescimanno A, Bondi F, Polizzi V, Scalone R (2000) Crohn’s disease complicated by relapsed extranodal Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Prolonged complete remission after unmanipulated PBPC autotransplant. Bone Marrow Transplant 26(8): 921–923

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Durez P, Toungouz M, Schandene L, Lambermont M, Goldman M (1998) Remission and immune reconstitution after T-cell-depleted stem-cell transplantation for rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 352: 881

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. McColl G, Kohsaka H, Szer J, Wicks I (1999) High-dose chemotherapy and syngeneic hemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for severe, seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med 131: 507–509

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Pavletic SZ, O’Dell JR, Pirruccello SJ, Ursick MM, Haire CE, Sharp JG, Kessinger A, Klassen LW (2001) Intensive immunoablation and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis: The University of Nebraska experience. J Rheumatol (Suppl) 64: 13–20

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Bingham SJ, Snowden J, McGonagle D, Richards S, Isaacs J, Morgan G, Emery P (2001) Autologous stem cell transplantation for rheumatoid arthritis-interim report of 6 patients. J Rheumatol (Suppl) 64: 21–24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Verburg RJ, Kruize AA, van den Hoogen FH, Fibbe WE, Petersen EJ, Preijers F et al (2001) High-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results of an open study to assess feasibility, safety, and efficacy. Arthritis Rheum 44: 754–760

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Kim KC, Lee IH, Choi JH, Oh MR, Ahn MJ, Kim SY (2002) Autologous stem cell transplantation in the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis. J Korean Med Sei 17: 129–132

    Google Scholar 

  51. Moore J, Brooks P, Milliken S, Biggs J, Ma D, Handel M et al (2002) A pilot randomized trial comparing CD34-selected versus unmanipulated hemopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe, refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 46: 2301–2309

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Lanza F, Dominici M, Govoni M, Moretti S, Campioni D, Corte RL et al (2000) Prolonged remission state of refractory adult onset Still’s disease following CD34-selected autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 25: 1307–1310

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Wulffraat N, van Royen A, Bierings M, Vossen J, Kuis W (1999) Autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation in four patients with refractory juvenile chronic arthritis. Lancet 353: 550–553

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Quartier P, Prieur AM, Fischer A (1999) Haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for juvenile chronic arthritis. Lancet 353: 1885–1886

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Nakagawa R, Kawano Y, Yoshimura E, Suzuya H, Watanabe T, Kanamaru S et al (2001) Intense immunosuppression followed by purified blood CD34+ cell autografting in a patient with refractory juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Bone Marrow Transplant 27: 333–336

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Tyndall A, Black C, Finke J, Winkler J, Mertlesmann R, Peter HH, Gratwohl A (1997) Treatment of systemic sclerosis with autologous haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Lancet 349: 254

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Martini A, Maccario R, Ravelli A, Montagna D, De Benedetti F, Bonetti F, Viola S, Zecca M, Perotti C, Locatelli F (1999) Marked and sustained improvement 2 years after autologous stem cell transplantation in a girl with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology 38: 773

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Farge D, Marolleau JP, Zohar S, Marjanovic Z, Cabane J, Mounier N et al (2002) Autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of refractory systemic sclerosis: early results from a French multicentre phase I–II study. Br J Haematol 119: 726–739

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Marmont AM, van Lint MT, Gualandi F, Bacigalupo A (1997) Autologous marrow stem cell transplantation for severe systemic lupus erythematosus of long duration. Lupus 6: 545–548

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Musso M, Porretto F, Crescimanno A, Bondi F, Polizzi V, Scalone R, Mariani G (1998) Autologous peripheral blood stem and progenitor (CD34+) cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by Evans syndrome. Lupus 7: 492–494

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Fouillard L, Gorin NC, Laporte JP, Leon A, Brantus JF, Miossec P (1999) Control of severe systemic lupus erythematosus after high-dose immunusuppressive therapy and transplantation of CD34+ purified autologous stem cells from peripheral blood. Lupus 8: 320–323

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Trysberg E, Lindgren I, Tarkowski A (2000) Autologous stem cell transplantation in a case of treatment resistant central nervous system lupus. Ann Rheum Dis 59: 236–238

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Shaughnessy PJ, Ririe DW, Ornstein DL, Kissack B, Bickford DJ, Molina R et al (2001) Graft failure in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treated with high-dose immunosuppression and autologous stem cell rescue. Bone Marrow Transplant 27: 221–224

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Rosen O, Hiepe F, Massenkeil G, Thiel A, Arnold R (2001) Relapse of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet 357: 807–808

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Wulffraat NM, Sanders EA, Kamphuis SS, Rijkers GT, Kuis W, Lilien M, Slaper-Cortenbach IC (2001) Prolonged remission without treatment after autologous stem cell transplantation for refractory childhood systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 44: 728–731

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Brunner M, Greinix HT, Redlich K, Knobl P, Smolen J, Leitner G et al (2002) Autologous blood stem cell transplantation in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus with severe pulmonary impairment: a case report. Arthritis Rheum 46: 1580–1584

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Traynor AE, Barr WG, Rosa RM, Rodriguez J, Oyama Y, Baker S et al (2002) Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe and refractory lupus. Analysis after five years and fifteen patients. Arthritis Rheum 46: 2917–2923

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Myllykangas-Luosujarvi R, Jantunen E, Kaipiainen-Seppanen O, Mahlamaki E, Nousiainen T (2000) Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in a patient with severe mixed connective tissue disease. Scand J Rheumatol 29(5): 326–327

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Baron F, Ribbens C, Kaye O, Fillet G, Malaise M, Béguin Y (2000) Effective treatment of Jo-1-associated polymyositis with T-cell-depleted autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 110(2): 339–342

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Bingham S, Griffiths B, Mc Gonagle D, Snowden JA, Morgan G, Emery P (2001) Autologous stem cell transplantation for rapidly progressive jo-1-positive polymyositis with long-term follow-up. Br J Haematol 113: 840–841

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Burt RK, Traynor AE, Cohen B, Karlin KH, Davis FA, Stefoski D et al (1998) T cell-depleted autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis: report on the first three patients. Bone Marrow Transplant 21: 537–541

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Fassas A, Anagnostopoulos A, Kazis A, Kapinas K, Sakellari I, Kimiskidis V et al (2000) Autologous stem cell transplantation in progressive multiple sclerosis — an interim analysis of efficacy. J Clin Immunol 20: 24–30

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Openshaw H, Lund BT, Kashyap A, Atkinson R, Sniecinski I, Weiner LP, Forman S (2000) Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis with busulfan and cyclophosphamide conditioning: report of toxicity and immunological monitoring. Biol Blood Marrow Transpl 6: 563–575

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Kozak T, Havrdova E, Pit’ha J, Gregora E, Pytlik R, Maaloufova J et al (2000) High-dose immunosuppressive therapy with PBPC support in the treatment of poor risk multiple sclerosis. Bone Marrow Transplant 25: 525–531

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Burt RK, Traynor AE, Oyama Y, Craig R (2003) High-dose immune suppression and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in refractory Crohn disease. Blood 101: 2064–2066

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Rosen O, Thiel A, Massenkeil G, Hiepe F, Haupl T, Radtke H et al (2000) Autologous stem-cell transplantation in refractory autoimmune diseases after in vivo immunoabla tion and ex vivo depletion of mononuclear cells. Arthritis Res 2: 327–336

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Rabusin M, Andolina M, Maximova N, Lepore L, Parco S, Tuveri G, Jankovic G (2000) Immunoablation followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell infusion for the treatment of severe autoimmune disease. Haematologica 85 (Suppl): 81–85

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Musso M, Porretto F, Crescimanno A, Bondi F, Polizzi V, Scalone R (2001) Intense immunosuppressive therapy followed by autologous peripheral blood selected progenitor cell reinfusion for severe autoimmune disease. Am J Hematol 66: 75–79

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Snowden J, Passweg J, Moore JJ et al (2004) Antologous hemapoietic stem cell transplantation in severe rheumatoid arthritis; a report from the EBMT and ABMTR. J Rheumatol 31: 482–488

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rheumatology, University of Basle, Felix-Platter Spital, 4012, Basel, Switzerland

    Alan Tyndall

  2. Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, POB 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Jacob M. van Laar

Authors
  1. Alan Tyndall
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jacob M. van Laar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Victoria Street Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia

    Richard O. Day

  2. 546 Dept. of Rheumatology, University Hospital Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Piet L. C. M. van Riel

  3. Carl M.Pearson Professor of Rheumatology, 1000 Veteran Ave Rm 32-59, Los Angeles, CA, 90025-1670, USA

    Daniel E. FĂĽrst

  4. Department of Rheumatology, St Vicent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland

    Barry Bresnihan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel/Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tyndall, A., van Laar, J.M. (2005). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of severe autoimmune diseases. In: Day, R.O., Fürst, D.E., van Riel, P.L.C.M., Bresnihan, B. (eds) Antirheumatic Therapy: Actions and Outcomes. Progress in Inflammation Research. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7726-7_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7726-7_17

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7643-6595-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7643-7726-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation