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Research in Chronic Viral Hepatitis pp 103–111Cite as

Clinical and immunological aspects of hepatitis B virus infection in children receiving multidrug cancer chemotherapy

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Part of the book series: Archives of Virology Supplementum ((ARCHIVES SUPPL,volume 8))

Summary

For two reasons hepatitis B virus infection is an important problem in patients with cancer. First, multidrug cancer chemotherapy may reactivate or worsen a previously benign chronic HBV infection. Second, patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy are at an increased risk of acquiring and spreading HBV which may result in an endemic infection. HBV reactivation may precipitate into a severe acute disease including fulminant hepatitis. In contrast, the acquisition of HBV during cancer chemotherapy commonly takes a mild clinical course but frequently leads to persistently high viremia. This state of immunotolerance to viral antigens allows viral replication without any sign of liver cell destruction. Withdrawal of chemotherapy does not cause significant changes if infection occurred during cytotoxic chemotherapy. Infection with HBV during cancer chemotherapy, therefore, may be considered as a model of an induced antigen-specific immunotolerance. In agreement with this hypothesis, vaccination against HBV during cancer chemotherapy does not prevent spread of HBV in oncology wards as it does not produce significant anti-HBs titers. Furthermore, vaccination even suppresses the immune response to later booster doses after chemotherapy has been withdrawn.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Federal Republic of Germany

    Dr. R. Repp, B. v. Hörsten, A. Csecke, J. Kreuder, A. Borkhardt & F. Lampert

  2. Department of Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Federal Republic of Germany

    W. R. Willems & W. H. Gerlich

Authors
  1. Dr. R. Repp
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  2. B. v. Hörsten
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  3. A. Csecke
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  4. J. Kreuder
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  5. A. Borkhardt
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  6. W. R. Willems
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  7. F. Lampert
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  8. W. H. Gerlich
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Federal Republic of Germany

    W. H. Gerlich

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© 1993 Springer-Verlag

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Repp, R. et al. (1993). Clinical and immunological aspects of hepatitis B virus infection in children receiving multidrug cancer chemotherapy. In: Gerlich, W.H. (eds) Research in Chronic Viral Hepatitis. Archives of Virology Supplementum, vol 8. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9312-9_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9312-9_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-82497-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-9312-9

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