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Measles and Poliomyelitis pp 133–148Cite as

Recent approaches in the development of measles vaccines

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Summary

Different approaches are followed in order to develop measles vaccines which will induce a protective cellbound and humoral immunity in the face of maternal antibodies. The use of massive doses of different strains of live attenuated measles vaccines at 6 months of age have reached deadlock and the improvement of the currently used vaccines is of limited interest. The recent advances in genetic and molecular techniques pave the way for the development of recombinant and synthetic vaccines, which is closely linked to the understand ing of the molecular and structural determinant of the protective immune response. The synthetic vaccines are still at an experimental level, and it is possible to design immunogenic peptides, containing both T and B cell recognition sites. The major limitation of the synthetic vaccine approach is the unresolved question on the mechanism of the protective immunity related to the structure of the peptides -length, construction, way of presentation -and their recognition by the largest possible number of individuals. The developfrnent of adjuvants is complementary to synthetic vaccines. Different adjuvants are developed in order to enhance the immunogenicity of sub-unit vaccines. Liposomes and the immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) are the most promising for measles sub-unit vaccines. Many efforts are devoted to the development of recombinant measles vaccines. The construction of recombinant measles vaccines is based on the insertion of the genes coding for the fusion and haemagglutinin proteins of the measles virus envelope in poxvirus vaccines used as vectors. Vaccinia, fowlpox and canarypox viruses are the most commonly used vectors. There are strong experimental demonstrations of the expression of the recombinant antigens at sufficient levels, inducing humoral and protective immunity.

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  1. Pasteur Mérieux Sérums et Vaccins, Marnes-La-Coquette, France

    O. Leroy

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada

    Edouard Kurstak (President - International Comparative Virology Organization, Member - Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization) (President - International Comparative Virology Organization, Member - Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization)

  2. International Comparative Virology Organization, Montreal, Canada

    Edouard Kurstak (President - International Comparative Virology Organization, Member - Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization) (President - International Comparative Virology Organization, Member - Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization)

  3. Medical Research Centre, King Fahad Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Edouard Kurstak (President - International Comparative Virology Organization, Member - Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization) (President - International Comparative Virology Organization, Member - Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization)

  4. Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

    Edouard Kurstak (President - International Comparative Virology Organization, Member - Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization) (President - International Comparative Virology Organization, Member - Viral Diseases Panel, World Health Organization)

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Leroy, O. (1993). Recent approaches in the development of measles vaccines. In: Kurstak, E. (eds) Measles and Poliomyelitis. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9278-8_11

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