Zusammenfassung
Im Alter sind die Probleme einer bösartigen Krankheit weder größer noch kleiner, auch werden sie nicht mehr und nicht weniger. Es kommt allerdings unter dem Eindruck der oft nur mehr kurzen Lebenserwartung und der häufigen Multimorbidität des höheren Lebensahers zu einer Verschiebung in der Bedeutung der einzelnen Probleme (Hall 1984).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Ahmann, F. R.: Dilemmas in managing prostate carcinoma, Part I: Localized disease. Geriatrics 40/7:34–42 (1985).
Aroney, R. S., Bell, D. R., Chan, W. K., Dalley, D. H., Levi, J. A.: Alternating non-cross- resistant combination chemotherapy for small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. Cancer 49: 2449–2454 (1982).
Auerbach, O., Stout, A. P., Hammond, E. C., Garfinkel, L.: Changes in bronchial epithelia in relation to sex, age, residence, smoking and pneumonia. New Engl. J. Med. 267: 111–119 (1962).
Bagshaw, M. A., Ray, G. R., Pistenma, D. A., Castellino, R. A., Meares, E. M.: External beam radiation therapy of primary carcinoma of the prostate. Cancer 36: 723–728 (1975).
Bailar, J. C., Byar, D. P., V. A.: Cooperative Urological Research Group: Estrogen treatment for cancer of the prostate. Cancer 26: 257–261 (1970).
Beart, R. W., Curlee, F.: Intestinal stomas: managing the “unmentionable”. Geriatrics 33/11: 45–50 (1978).
Becker, H., Borst, H. G., Brieler, H. S., Dahm, P., Dalichau, H., Donhöfer, A., Hegemann, G., Junginger, T., Kessler, E., Kümmerle, F., Mühe, E., Pichlmaier, H., Reidemeister, J. C., Reusch, G., Satter, P., Savic, B., Sommerwerck, D., Schotte, J. F., Schwaiger, R., Stöhr, U., Strothmann, A., Täger, B., Timm, D., Ungeheuer, E., Viereck, R., Wache, H., Wassner, U. J., Zierott, G.: Ergebnisse der operativen Behandlung des Bronchialkarzinoms. Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 101: 1553–1557 (1976).
Beger, H. G., Gögler, H., Kraas, E., Schulz, E., Bittner, R.: Ergebnisse der chirurgischen Therapie des Dickdarmkarzinoms beim über 70jährigen Patienten. In: Der alte Mensch in der Chirurgie (Rehn, J., Hrsg.), S. 174–176. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1979.
Begg, C. B., Carbone, P. P.: Clinical trials and drug toxicity in the elderly. Cancer 52: 1986–1992 (1983).
Bisson, J., Vickers, M., Fagan, W. T.: Bone scan: in clinical perspective. J. Urol. 111: 665–669 (1974).
Bonadonna, G., Brusamolino, E., Valagussa, P., Rossi, A., Brugnatelli, L., Brambilla, C., DeLena, M., Tancini, G., Bajetta, E., Musumeci, R., Veronesi, U.: Combination chemotherapy as an adjuvant treatment in operable breast cancer. New Engl. J. Med. 294:405–410 (1976).
Borden, E. C., Holland, J. F., Dao, T. L., Gutterman, J. U., Wiener, L., Chang, Y. C., Patel, J.: Leucocyte-derived interferon (alpha) in human breast carcinoma: The American Cancer Society phase II trial. Ann. Int. Med. 97: 1–6 (1982).
Borek, E.: The morass of tumor markers. Trends Biochem. Sci. 10: 182–184 (1985)
Boucot, K. R., Weiss, W.: Is curable lung cancer detected by semiannual screening? J.A.M.A. 224: 1361–1365 (1973).
Brezina, K.: Wen und Strahlenrisiko der Mammographie. Öst. Ärzteztg. 32: 685–688 (1977).
Byar, D. P., V.A. Cooperative Urological Research Group: Survival of patients with incidentally found microscopic cancer of the prostate: results of a clinical trial of conservative treatment. J. Urol. 108: 908–913 (1972).
Cady, B., Persson, A. V., Monson, D. O., Maunz, D. L.: Changing patterns of colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 33: 422–426 (1974).
Canellos, G. P., Hellman, S.: The management of early breast cancer. New Engl. J. Med. 306: 1430–1432 (1982).
Catalona, W. J., Scott, W. W.: Carcinoma of the prostate: a review. J. Urol. 119: 1–8 (1978).
Clark, G. M., McGuire, W. L., Hubay, C. A., Pearson, O. H., Marshall, J. S.: Progesterone receptors as a prognostic factor in stage II breast cancer. New Engl. J.Med. 309:1343–1347 (1983).
Cohen, H. J., Silberman, H. R., Forman, W., Bartolucci, A., Liu, C.: Effects of age on responses to treatment and survival of patients with multiple myeloma. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 31: 272–281 (1983).
Council on Scientific Affairs: Early detection of breast cancer. J.A.M.A. 252: 3008–3011 (1984).
Diggs, C. H.: Carcinoma of the colon: epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Am. J. Med. Sci. 277: 4–16 (1979).
Ershler, W. B., Socinski, M. A., Greene, C. J.: Bronchogenic cancer, metastases, and aging. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 31: 673–676 (1983).
Falterman, K. W., Hill, C. B., Markey, J. C., Fox, J. W., Cohn, I.: Cancer of the colon, rectum, and anus: a review of 2313 cases. Cancer 34: 951–959 (1974).
Farrands, P. A., Perkins, A. C., Pimm, M. V., Hardy, J. D., Embleton, M. J., Baldwin, R. W., Hardcastle, J. D.: Radioimmunodetection of human colorectal cancers by an antitumor monoclonal antibody. Lancet ii: 397–400 (1982).
Finlay, I. G., Meek, D. R., Gray, H. W., Duncan, J. G., McArdle, C. S.: Incidence and detection of occult hepatic metastases in colorectal carcinoma. Brit. Med. J. 284: 803–805 (1982).
Fischer, M., Mitrou, P. S.: Ergebnisse der Chemotherapie der inoperablen nicht kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinome. Intemist 21: 95–107 (1980).
Fox, S. H., Moskowitz, M., Saenger, E. L., Kereiakes, J. G., Milbrath, J., Goodman, M. W.: Benefit/risk analysis of aggressive mammographic screening. Radiology 128: 359–365 (1978).
Freise, G., Gabler, A., Liebig, S.: Bronchial carcinoma and long-term survival. Thorax 33: 228–234 (1978).
Friedl, H. P.: Krebskrankenstatistik 1983. Statist. Nachrichten 40: 148–154 (1985).
Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group: Adjuvant therapy of colon cancer-results of a prospectively randomized trial. New Engl. J. Med. 310: 737–743 (1984).
Gittes, R. F.: Semm acid phosphatase and screening for carcinoma of the prostate. New Engl. J. Med. 309: 852–853 (1983).
Golimbu, M., Schinella, R., Morales, P., Kumsu, S.: Differences in pathological characteristics and prognosis of clinical A2 prostate cancer from Al and B disease. J. Urol. 119: 618–622 (1978).
Gomez, E. R., Rosenthal, D.: Management of a subcutaneous colostomy perforation. Dis. Col. Rect. 27: 651–653 (1984).
Goodson, W. H.: The next big question in the treatment of carcinoma of the breast. Surg. Gyn. Obstet. 156: 795–796 (1983).
Greco, F. A., Oldham, R. K.: Small-cell lung cancer. New Engl. J. Med. 301: 355–358 (1979).
Greenwald, P., Nasca, P. C., Lawrence, C. E., Horton, J., McGarrah, R. P., Gabriele, T., Carlton, K.: Estimated effect of breast self-examination and routine physician examinations on breast cancer mortality. New Engl. J. Med. 299: 271–273 (1978).
Gropp, C.: Was ist gesichert in der Therapie der nichtkleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinome? Internist 25: 747–751 (1984).
Guinan, P., Bush, I., Ray, V., Vieth, R., Rao, R., Bhatti, R.: The accuracy of the rectal examination in the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. New Engl. J. Med. 303: 499–503 (1980).
Hall, S. W.: Cancer: special considerations in older patients. Geriatrics 39/7: 74–78 (1984).
Heil, W., Rick, W., Golitz, B.: Die immunologisch-enzymatische Bestimmung der sauren Phosphatase im Humanserum. Intemist 26: 523–527 (1985).
Hermanek, P., Frühmorgen, P., Guggenmoos-Holzmann, I., Altendorf, A., Matek, W.: The malignant potential of colorectal polyps — a new statistical approach. Endoscopy 15: 16–20 (1983).
Hohner, F. F., Heame, E.: Cancer stage — to — age relationship: implications for cancer screening in the elderly. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 29: 55–57 (1981).
Hubay, C. A., Pearson, O. H., Marshall, J. S., Rhodes, R. S., DeBanne, S. M., Rosenblatt, J., Mansour, E. G., Hermann, R. E., Jones, J. C., Flynn, W. J., Eckert, C., McGuire, W. L.: Adjuvant chemotherapy, antiestrogen therapy and immunotherapy for stage II breast cancer: 45-month follow-up of a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Cancer 46: 2805–2808 (1980).
Hutchinson, C. M., Mills, N. L.: The selection of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma for mediastinoscopy. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 71: 768–773 (1976).
Joss, R., Goldhirsch, A., Tschopp, L., Bmnner, K.: Gastrointestinale Tumoren. Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 106: 1664–1669 (1981).
BCirkwood, J. M., Ernstoff, M. S., Davis, C. A., Reiss, M., Ferraresi, R., Rudnick, S. A.: Comparison of intramuscular and intravenous recombinant alpha-2 interferon in melanoma and other cancers. Ann. Int. Med. 103: 32–36 (1985).
Klapdor, R., Klapdor, U., Bahlo, M., Dallek, M., Kremer, B., van Ackeren, H., Schreiber, H. W., Greten, H.: Ca 12–5 bei Karzinomen des Verdauungstraktes. Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 109: 1949–1954 (1984).
Kleeberg, U. R.: Allgemeine onkologische Therapie beim Mammakarzinom. Klinik Frauen- heilk. 7: 725–752 (1979).
Klein, JL. A.: Prostatic carcinoma. New Engl. J. Med. 300: 824–833 (1979).
Lamas, A. M., Horwitz, R. I., Peck, D.: Usefulness of mammography in the diagnosis and management of breast disease in postmenopausal women. J.A.M.A. 252: 2999–3002 (1984).
Lennert, K. A., Gräf, K.: Das Rektosigmoid-Karzinom. Dtsch. Med.Wschr. 107: 1045–1049 (1982).
Lenzhofer, R.: Zur selektiven Toxizität von Zytostatika: Untersuchungen zur Doxorubicin- kardiotoxizität, üire Pathogenese und Kontraindikationsstellung. Wien. Klin. Wschr. 95, Suppl 144 (1983).
Leuprohde Study Group: Leuprolide versus diethylstübestrol for metastatic prostate cancer. New Engl. J. Med. 311: 1281–1286 (1984).
Lilienfeld, A. M.: The epidemiology of breast cancer. Cancer Res. 23: 1503–1513 (1963).
Margreiter, R.: Die Bedeumng der Hormonrezeptor-Analyse für die Therapie des Mammakarzinoms. Berichte Öst. Ges. Klin. Chemie 3: 80–85 (1980).
Miller, A. B., Bulbrook, R. D.: Screening, detection, and diagnosis of breast cancer. Lancet i: 1109–1111 (1982).
Mintzer, R. A., Malave, S. R., Neiman, H. L., Michaelis, L. L., Vanecko, R. M., Sanders, J. H.: Computed vs. conventional tomography in evaluation of primary and secondary pulmonary neoplasms. Radiology 132: 653–659 (1979).
Moldofsky, P. J., Sears, H. F., Mulhern, C. B., Hammond, N. D., Powe, J., Gatenby, R. A., Steplewsky, Z., Koprowsky, H.: Detection of metastatic tumor in normal-sized retroperitoneal lymph nodes by monoclonal-antibody imaging. New Engl. J. Med. 311:106–107 (1984).
Mulshine, J. L., Cuttitta, F., Bibro, M., Fedorko, J., Fargion, S., Little, C., Carney, D. N., Gazdar, A. F., Minna, J. D.: Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish non-small cell from small cell lung cancer. J. Immunol. 131: 497–502 (1983).
Mushhn, A. I.: Diagnostic tests in breast cancer. Ann. Int. Med. 103: 79–85 (1985).
National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Investigators: Treatment of primary breast cancer with chemotherapy and tamoxifen. New Engl. J. Med. 305: 1–6 (1981).
Nichols, R. T., Barry, J. M., Hodges, C. V.: The morbidity of radical prostatectomy for multifocal stage I prostatic adenocarcinoma. J. Urol. 117: 83–87 (1977).
Noltenius, H., Giersch, H., Haake, A., Raydt, H. J., Buchholz, M.: Maligne Tumoren im Alter. Med. Klinik 72: 391–398 (1977).
Nolvadex Adjuvant Trial Organisation: Controlled trial of tamoxifen as adjuvant agent in management of early breast cancer. Lancet i: 257–261 (1983).
Papatestas, A. E., Mulvihill, M., Josi, C., Ioannivich, J., Lesnick, G., Aufses, A. H.: Parity and prognosis in breast cancer. Cancer 45: 191–194 (1980).
Paulson, D. F., Lin, G. H., Hinshaw, W., Stephani, S.: Uro-Oncology Research Group: Radical surgery versus radiotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. J. Urol. 128: 502–504 (1982).
Payne, C. R., Stovin, P. G. I., Barker, V., McVittie, S., Stark, J. E.: Diagnostic accuracy of cytology and biopsy in primary bronchial carcinoma. Thorax 34: 294–299 (1979).
Pilepich, M. v., Perez, C. A., Bauer, W.: Prognostic parameters in radiotherapeutic management of localized carcinoma of the prostate. J. Urol. 124: 485–487 (1980).
Pohl, A. L., Graninger, W., Francesconi, M., Lenzhofer, R. S., Ganzinger, U. C., Moser, K. V.: Present value of tumor markers in the clinic. Cancer Detect. Prevent. 6: 7–20 (1983).
Prager, E.: The continent colostomy. Dis. Col. Rect. 27: 235–237 (1984).
Prosnitz, L. R.: Radiotherapy. New Engl. J. Med. 309: 771–777 (1983).
Redding, W. H., Thomas, J. M., Powles, T. J., Ford, H. T., Gazet, J. C.: Age and prognosis in breast cancer. Brit. Med. J. 1: 1465 (1979).
Resnick, M. I., Willard, J. W., Boyce, W. H.: Transrectal ultrasonography in the evaluation of patients with prostatic carcinoma. J. Urol. 124: 482–484 (1980).
Safi, F., Büchler, M., Schenkluhn, B., Beger, H. G.: Diagnostische Bedeutung des Tumormarkers CA 19–9 beim Pankreaskarzinom. Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 109: 1869–1873 (1984).
Salzer, G., Langer, C., Denck, H.: Der Lungenkrebs. Öst. Ärzteztg. 38: 331–334 (1983).
Schmidt, J. D.: Chemotherapy of hormone-resistant stage D prostatic cancer. J. Urol. 123: 797–805 (1980).
Schroeder, F. H., Belt, E.: Carcinoma of the prostate: a study of 213 patients with stage C tumors treated by total perineal prostatectomy. J. Urol. 114: 257–260 (1975).
Sherlock, P., Lipkin, M., Winawer, S. J.: The prevention of colon cancer. Am. J. Med. 68: 917–931 (1980).
Snell, N. J. C.: Tuberculin reactivity as a predictor of survial tune in inoperable bronchial carcmoma. Thorax 34: 508–511 (1979).
Spiro, S. G.: The management of lung cancer. Lung 160: 141–155 (1982).
Stanley, K. E.: Prognostic factors for survival m patients witn inoperable lung cancer. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 65: 25–32 (1980).
Stolley, P. D.: Lung cancer in women — five years later, situation worse. New Engl. J. Med. 309: 428–429 (1983).
Suen, K. C., Lau, L. L., Yermakow, V.: Cancer and old age. Cancer 33: 1164–1168 (1974).
Thompson Evans, E. W.: Resection for bronchial carcinoma m the elderly. Thorax 28: 86–88 (1973).
UICC — Union Intemational Contre le Cancer: TNM Klassifizierung der malignen Tumoren. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1976.
Underwood, G. H., Hooper, R. G., Axelbaum, S. P., Goodwin, D. W.: Computed tomographic scanning of the thorax in the staging of bronchogenic carcinoma. New Engl. J. Med. 300: 777–778 (1979).
Vanneman, W. M.: Toward the control of colon cancer. Geriatrics 35/9: 51–63 (1980).
Veronesi, U., Saccozzi, R., DelVecchio, M., Banfi, A., demente, C., DeLena, M., Gallus, G., Greco, M., Luini, A., Mambini, E., Muscohno, G., Rilke, F., Salvadori, B., Zecchini, A., Zucali, R.: Comparing radical mastectomy with quadrantectomy, axillary dissection, and radiotherapy in patients with small cancers of the breast. New Engl. J. Med. 305: 6–11 (1981).
Vogelsang, G. B., Abeloff, M. D., Ettinger, D. S., Booker, S. V.: Long-term survivors of small cell carcinoma of the lung. Am. J. Med. 79: 49–56 (1985).
Warram, J.: Preoperative irradiation of cancer of the lung: final report of a therapeutic trial. Cancer 36: 914–920 (1975).
Weber, W., Voegtli, B., Buser, M., Gencik, A., Kayasseh, L., Stalder, G. A., Torhorst, J., Müller, H.: Vergleich der Tumorinzidenz bei 251 Verwandten ersten Grades von 50 Patienten mit kolorektalen Karzinomen mit deqenigen der Basler Bevölkerung. Schweiz. Med.Wschr. 115: 1005–1006 (1985).
Wenderlein, J. M.: Brust-Vorsorge-Untersuchungen ab dem 30. Lebensjahr. Grund zur Skepsis oder Optimismus? Münch. Med. Wschr. 125: 697–699 (1983).
Zavala, D. C.: Diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy: techniques and results of biopsy in 600 patients. Chest 68: 12–19 (1975).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer-Verlag/Wien
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tragl, K.H. (1986). Die Karzinomkrankheit im Alter. In: Internistische Geriatrie. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8839-2_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8839-2_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-211-81904-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-8839-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive