Abstract
The foundations of the part of mechanics that deals with the motion of point-particles were laid by Newton in 1687 in his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. This classic work does not consist of a carefully thought-out system of axioms in the modern sense, but rather of a number of statements of various significance and generality, depending on the state of knowledge at the time. We shall take his second law as our starting point: “Force equals mass times acceleration.” Letting xi(t) be the Cartesian coordinates of the i-th particle as a function of time, this means
where Fi denotes the force on the i-th particle. In nature, so far as we know, there are just four fundamental forces: the strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational forces. In physics books there are in addition numerous other forces, such as friction, exchange forces, forces of constraint, fictitious forces (centrifugal, etc.), and harmonic forces, with which we shall only be peripherally concerned. The first two fundamental forces operate at the subatomic level, outside the realm of classical mechanics, so in fact we shall only discuss gravitation and electromagnetism.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1978 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thirring, W., Harrell, E. (1978). Introduction. In: A Course in Mathematical Physics 1. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8526-1_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8526-1_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-8528-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-8526-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive