Skip to main content

The Chemistry and Physiology of Juvenoids

  • Chapter
Insect Hormones and Bioanalogues

Abstract

This most extensive part of the book deals with compounds generally known as juvenile hormone analogues or juvenile hormone mimics. These materials encompass a wide range of mainly synthetic compounds with a relatively smaller amount of natural products isolated from plants and animals. The compounds have been characterized by certain size and shape of the molecule, low polarity, presence of specific functional groups and substituents, and by some other common structural features. However, the only criterion for classification of a compound as a juvenile hormone analogue is its property to exhibit or mimic some morphological and physiological effects of the hormone secreted by the corpora allata. Since the chemical nature of the endogenous corpus alla-tum hormone is still incompletely known with respect to diversity of insect species, these compounds cannot be viewed as analogues of the corpus allatum hormone in the chemical sense of the word. It is more appropriate to regard them as its bio-analogues or pharmaco-analogues. To facilitate further discussions we have selected a generic name juvenoids for all the compounds with juvenile hormone activity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Adams, T. S., and A. M. Hintz: Relationship of age, ovarian development, and the corpus allatum to mating in the house fly Musca domestica. J. Insect Physiol. 15, 201–215 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Anderson, R. I., C. A. Henrick, and J. B. Siddall: Stereoseleetive synthesis of olefins. Reaetion of dialkylcopper-lithium reagents with allylic acetates. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 92, 735–737 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Arnold, Z., J. Kahovcová, M. Pánková, M. Svoboda, M. Tichý, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity XIV. Synthesis of substituted phenylgeranylethers and related compounds. Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 38, 261–269 (1973).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Arnold, Z., and F. Šorm: Unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ashburner, M.: Effects of juvenile hormone on adult differentiation of Drosophila melanogaster. Nature 227, 187–189 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ayyar, K. S., and G. S. Krishna Rao: Studies in terpenoids IY. Synthetic studies in juvabiones and analogues. Conversion of ar(+)-turmerone to ar(+)-juvabione. Canad. J. Chem. 46, 1467–1472 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Babu, T. H., and K. Sláma: Systemic activity of a juvenile hormone analog. Science 175, 78–79 (1972).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Baumann, G.: Zur Wirkung des Juvenilhormons: elektrophysiologische Messungen an der Zellmembran der Speicheldrüse von Galleria mellonella. J. Insect Physiol. 14, 1459–1476 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Baumann, G.: Juvenile hormone: effect on bimolecular lipid membranes. Nature 223, 316–317 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Beck, S. D.: Resistance of plants to insects. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 10, 207–232 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bell, W. J.: Dual role of juvenile hormone in the control of yolk formation in Periplaneta americana. J. Insect Physiol. 15, 1279–1290 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bell, W. J., and R. H. Barth, Jr. : Quantitative effects of juvenile hormone on reproduction in the cockroach Byrsotria fumigata. J. Insect Physiol. 16, 2303–2313 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Beneš, V., and R. Šram: Mutagenic activity of some pesticides in Drosophila melanogaster. Ind. Med. Surg. 38, 442–444 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Benz, G.: The stimulation of oogenesis in Pieris brassicae by the juvenile hormone derivative farnesenic acid ethyl ester. Experientia 26, 1012 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Beran, P., and F. Šorm: Unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Berkoff, C. E.: The chemistry and biochemistry of insect hormones. Quart. Rev. 23, 372–391 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Berkoff, C. E.: Synthetic juvenile hormone and “Synthetic juvenile hormone”. Science 168, 1607 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Berry, S. J., A. Krishnakumaran, H. Oberlander, and H. A. Schneiderman: Effects of hormones and injury on RNA synthesis in Saturniid moths. J. Insect Physiol. 13, 1511–1537 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Birch, A. J., P. L. Macdonald, and V. H. Powell: A stereoselective synthesis of (±)-juvabione. Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 351–354.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Blaustein, M. P., and H. A. Schneiderman: A brief survey of the effects of potential antimetabolites and enzymes on the development of giant silkmoths. J. Insect Physiol. 5, 143–159 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Blount, J. F., B. A. Pawson, G. Saucy: X-Ray structure determination of 4 R, 8R-p-menth-1-en-9-ol p-iodobenzoate. Revision of the absolute stereochemistry of natural (+)-juvabione. Chem. Communications 1969, 715, 1016.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Blumenfeld, M., and H. A. Schneiderman: Effect of juvenile hormone on the synthesis of specific proteins in silkworm pupae. Am. Zoologist 6, 97 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bodenstein, D., and E. Shaaya: The function of the accessory sex glands in Periplaneta americana (L.) I. A quantitative bioassay for juvenile hormone. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 59, 1279–1290 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Borden, J. H., K. K. Nair, and C. E. Slater: Synthetic juvenile hormone: induction of sex pheromone production in Ips confusus. Science 166, 1626–1627 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bowers, W. S.: Juvenile hormone: activity of natural and synthetic synergists. Science 161, 895–897 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Bowers, W. S.: Juvenile hormone: activity of aromatic terpenoid ethers. Science 164, 323–325 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bowers, W. S.: Chemistry and biological activity of morphogenetic agents. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 115–130 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Bowers, W. S., and C. C. Blickenstaff: Hormonal termination of diapause in the alfalfa weevil. Science 154, 1673–1674 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Bowers, W. S., H. M. Fales, M. J. Thompson, and E. C. Uebel: Juvenile hormone: identification of an active compound from Balsam fir. Science 154, 1020–1021 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Bowers, W. S., and M. J. Thompson: Juvenile hormone activity: effects of isoprenoid and straight chain alcohols on insects. Science 142, 1469–1470 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Bowers, W. S., M. J. Thompson, and E. Uebel: Juvenile and gonadotropic hormone activity of 10,11-epoxyfarnesoic acid methyl ester. Life Sciences 4, 2323–2331 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Bracken, G. K., and K. K. Nair: Stimulation of yolk deposition in an Ichneumonid parasitoid by feeding synthetic juvenile hormone. Nature 216, 483–484 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Brady, S. F., M. A. Ilton, and W. S. Johnson: A highly stereoselective synthesis of trans-trisubstituted olefinic bonds. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 90, 2882–2889 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Brieger, G.: Juvenile hormone mimics: structure-activity relation-ships for Oncopeltus fasciatus. J. Insect Physiol. 17, 2085–2093 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Brookes, V. J.: The maturation of the oöcytes in the isolated abdomen of Leucophaea maderae. J. Insect Physiol. 15, 621–631 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Brookes, V. J.: The induction of yolk protein synthesis in the fat body of an insect Leucophaea maderae, by an analog of the juvenile hormone. Dev. Biol. 120, 459–471 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  37. Brown, H. C., and Min-hon Rei: The solvomercuration-demercuration of representative olefins in the presence of alcohols. Convenient procedures for the synthesis of ethers. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 91, 5646–5647 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Bryant, P. J., and J. H. Sang: Drosophila: lethal derangements of metamorphosis and modifications of gene expression caused by juvenile hormone mimics. Nature (London) 220, 393–394 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Bryant, P. J., and J. H. Sang: Physiological genetics of melanotic tumors in Drosophila melanogaster. VI. The tumorigenic effects of juvenile hormone-like substances. Genetics 62, 321–336 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Butterworth, F. M., and D. Bodenstein: Adipose tissue of Drosophila melanogaster. IV. The effect of the corpus allatum and synthetic juvenile hormone on the tissue of the adult male. Gen. Comp. En-docrinol. 13, 68–74 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Caliezi, A., and H. Schintz: Zur Kenntnis der Seskviterpene und Azulene 90. Die Cyclisation der Farnesylsäure. Helv. Chim. Acta 32, 2556–2560 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Carayon, J., and M. Thouvenin: Emploi d’une substance mimétique de l’hormone juvénile pour la lutte contre les Dysdercus, Hémiptéres nuisibles au cotonier. C. R. Acad. Agric. France 52, 340–346 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  43. Carlisle, D. B., and P. E. Ellis: Abnormalities of growth and metamorphosis in some Pyrrhocorid bugs: the paper factor. Bull. Ent. Res. 57, 405–417 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  44. Carlisle, D. B., P. E. Ellis, Z. Brettschneiderová, and V. J. A. Novák: Growth disorders of the bug Pyrrhocoris apterus and the “juvenile hormone” effect of certain papers. J. Endocrinol. 35, 211–212 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Carroll, M. F.: Addition of β,γ-unsaturated alcohols to the active methylene group. Part II. The action of ethyl acetoacetate on cinnamylaleohol and phenylvinylcarbinol. J. Chem. Soc. 1940, 1266–1268.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Caveney, S.: Juvenile hormone and wound modelling of Tenebrio cuticle architecture. J. Insect Physiol. 16, 1087–1107 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Cavill, G. W. K., D. G. Laing, and P. J. Williams: A synthesis of the juvenile hormone, methyl cis-10,11-epoxy-7-ethyl-3,11-dimethyltrideca-trans-2-trans-6-dienoate. Austr. J. Chem. 22, 2145–2160 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Cavill, G. W. K., and P. J. Williams: A synthesis of methyl 10,11-epoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6-dodecadienoate. Austr. J. Chem. 22, 1737–1744 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Černý, V., L. Dolejš, L. Lábler, F. Šorm, and K. Sláma: Dehydro-juvabione — a new compound with juvenile hormone activity from balsam fir. Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 32, 3926–3933 (1967); Tetrahedron Letters 1967, 1053–1057.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Chase, A. M.: Effects of actinomycin D on development in pupae of Tenebrio molitor. Nature 215, 1516–1517 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Chase, A. M.: Effects of antibiotics on epidermal metamorphosis and nucleic acid synthesis in Tenebrio molitor. J. Insect Physiol. 16, 865–884 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Chen, D. H., W. E. Robbins, and R. E. Monroe: The gonadotropic action of cecropia extracts in allatectomized American cockroach. Experientia 18, 577 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  53. Cizin, Yu. S., and A. A. Drabkina: Yuvenilnyi gormon nasekomykh i ego analogi (Juvenile hormone and its analogues). Uspechi Chimii 39, 1074–1094 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  54. Congote, L. F., C. E. Sekeris, and P. Karlson: On the mechanism of hormone action. XIII. Stimulating effects of ecdysone, juvenile hormone and ions on RNA synthesis in fat body cell nuclei from Calliphora erythrocephala isolated by a filtration technique. Exp. Cell Res. 56, 338–346 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Congote, L. F., C. E. Sekeris, and P. Karlson: On the mechanism of hormone action. XVIII. Alterations of the nature of RNA synthesized in isolated fat body cell nuclei as a result of ecdysone and juvenile hormone action. Z. Naturforsch. 25 b, 279–284 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  56. Connin, R. V., O. K. Jantz, and W. S. Bowers: Termination of diapause in the cereal leaf beetle by hormones. J. Econ. Entomol. 60, 1752–1753 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  57. Corey, E. J.: Stereospecific chemical synthesis of juvenile hormones. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 87–96 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  58. Corey, E. J., and K. Achiwa: A method for deoxygenation of allylic and benzylic alcohols. J. Org. Chem. 34, 3667–3668 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Corey, E. J., N. W. Gilman, and B. E. Ganem: New methods for the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids and esters. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 90, 5616–5617 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Corey, E. J., J. A. Katzenellenbogen, N. W. Gilman, S. A. Roman, and B. W. Erickson: Stereospecific total synthesis of the dl-C18 Cecropia juvenile hormone. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 90, 5618–5620 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Corey, E. J., J. A. Katzenellenbogen, and G. H. Posner: A new stereospecific synthesis of trisubstituted olefins. Stereospecific synthesis of farnesol. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 89, 4245–4247 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Corey, E. J., W. L. Mock, and D. J. Pasto: Chemistry of diimide. Some new systems for the hydrogenation of multiple bonds. Tetrahedron Lett. 1961, 347–352.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Corey, E. J., and H. Yamamoto: Simple stereospecific synthesis of C17 and C18 Cecropia juvenile hormones (racemic) from a eommon intermediate. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 92, 6636–6637 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Corey, E. J., and H. Yamamoto: New stereospecific synthetic routes to farnesol and its derivatives, including a biologically active position isomer of C17 Cecropia juvenile hormone. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 92, 6637–6638 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Critchley, B. R., and D. G. Campion: Effects of synthetic juvenile hormone and a juvenile hormone analogue, methyl farnesoate dihydrochloride on pupal development of the yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor L. Bull. ent. Res. 61, 293–297 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Cruickshank, P. A.: Some juvenile hormone analogs.-A critical appraisal. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 97–114 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  67. Cruickshank, P. A., and R. M. Palmere: Terpenoid amides as insect juvenile hormones. Nature (London) 233, 488–489 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Dahm, K. H., and H. Roeller: The juvenile hormone of the giant silk moth Hyalophora gloveri (Strecker). Life Sciences 9, 1397–1400 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Dahm, K. H., H. Roeller, and B. M. Trost: The juvenile hormone. IV. Stereochemistry of juvenile hormone and biological activity of some of its isomers and related compounds. Life Sciences 7, 129–137 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Dahm, K. H., B. M. Trost, and H. Roeller: The juvenile hormone. V. Synthesis of the racemic juvenile hormone. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 89, 5292–5294 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Davey, K. G.: Molting in a parasitic nematode, Phocanema decipiens. IV. The mode of action of insect juvenile hormone and farnesyl methyl ether. Int. J. Parasitol 1, 61–66 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Davis, N. T.: Studies of the reproductivo physiology of Cimicidae (Hemiptera). I. Fecundation and egg maturation. J. Insect Physiol. 10, 947–963 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Dearden, M.: Experiments on the effect of farnesol on the development of normal and bareyed Drosophila. J. Insect Physiol. 10, 195–210 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Dehn, M. von: Hemmung der Flügelbildung durch Farnesol bei der schwarzen Bohnenlaus, Doralis fabae Scop. Naturwissenschaften 50, 578–579 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  75. Dolejš, L., P. Beran, J. Kahovcová, Z. Machková, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 8513 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  76. Dolejs, L., P. Beran, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 3122 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  77. Dolejš, L., J. Kahovcová, K. Sláma, and F. `orm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 652 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  78. Dolejš, L., Z. Machková, P. Beran, J. Kahovcová, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 3123 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  79. Dyte, C. E.: Evolutionary aspects of insecticide selectivity. Proc. 5th Br. Insectic. Fungic. Conf., 393–397 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  80. El-Ibrashy, M. T.: Insect hormones and analogues: chemistry, biology and insecticidal potencies. Z. angew. Ent. 66, 113–144 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  81. El-Ibrashy, M. T., and M. H. Mansour: Hormonal action of certain biologically active compounds in Agrotis ypsilon larvae. Experientia 26, 1095–1096 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Ellis, P.: Can insect hormones and their mimics be used to control pests. Pest Articles and News Summaries (A) 14, 329–342 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  83. Emmerich, H.: Beeinflussung der Imaginalentwicklung von Tenebrio molitor durch Farnesylmethyläther und Actinomycin. Verh. deutsch. Zool. Ges., Innsbruck 1968, pp. 519–526. Leipzig: Geest & Portig K.-G. 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Emmerich, H., and R. H. Barth, Jr.: Effect of farnesyl methyl ether on reproductive physiology in the cockroach Byrsotria fumigata (Guérin) 1. Z. Naturforsch. 23 b, 1019–1020 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  85. Emmerich, H., G. Drews, K. Trautmann, and P. Schmialek: Über den Stoffwechsel des Farnesols in Tenebrio molitor-Larven. Z. Naturforsch. 20 b, 211–213 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  86. Emmerich, H., and H. Y. Thiele: Wirkung von Farnesylmethyläther auf die Ovarienreifung von Pterostichus nigrita F. Naturwissenschaften 56, 641 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Emmerich, H., A. Zahn, and P. Schmialek: Über die Aktivität einiger Dehydrogenasen und Transaminasen bei Tenebrio molitor unter dem Einfluß von Farnesylmethyläther. J. Insect Physiol. 11, 1161–1168 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Engelmann, F.: Female-specific protein: biosynthesis controlled by corpus allatum in Leucophaea maderae. Science 165, 407–409 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Engelmann, F.: (see reference No. 70 on p. 71).

    Google Scholar 

  90. Enslee, E., and L. M. Riddiford: Morphological effects of juvenile hormone analogues on embryos of Pyrrhocoris apterus. Amer. Zool. 10, 527 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  91. Fales, J. H., O. F. Bodenstein, and W. S. Bowers: Seven juvenile hormone analogues as synergists for pyrethrins against house flies. J. Econ. Entomol. 63, 1379–1380 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Faulkner, D. J., and M. R. Petersen: A synthesis of trans-trisubstituted olefins using the Claisen rearrangement. Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 3243–3246.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Faulkner, D. J., and M. R. Petersen: Synthesis of C18 Cecropia juvenile hormone to obtain optically active forms of known absolute configuration. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 93, 3766–3767 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Findlay, J. A.: Synthesis of Cecropia juvenile hormones and related compounds. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 65–72 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  95. Findlay, J. A., and W. D. MacKay: A convenient synthetic route to insect juvenile hormone. Chem. Communications 1969, 733–734.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Fisher, F, M., Jr., and R. C. Sanborn: Production of insect juvenile hormone by the microsporidian parasite Nosema. Nature 194, 1193 (1962).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Fukaya, M.: The inhibitory action of farnesol on the development of the rice stem borer in post diapause. Jap. J. Appl. Ent. Zool. 6, 298 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  98. Fukuda, S.: Effect of farnesol on pupae of the silkworm Bombyx mori. Annot. Zool. Jap. 37, 86–93 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  99. Fuzeau-Braesch, S.: Action de l’hormone juvenile de synthèse dans la morphogenèse et la pigmentogenèse de Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthopteres). C. R. Sean. Soc. Biol. 162, 1086–1090 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  100. Geyer, A., G. Herda, and P. Schmialek: Beeinflussung des Stoffwechsels von Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera) durch Farnesylmethyläther während des Puppenstadiums. Acta ent. bohemoslov. 65, 253–262 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Gilbert, L. I.: Maintenance of the prothoracic gland by the juvenile hormone in insects. Nature (London) 193, 1205–1207 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  102. Gilbert, L. I.: Invertebrate hormones. I. The chemistry of insect hormones. Proc. III Int. Congr. Endocrin., Mexico, 340–346 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  103. Gilbert, L. I., and H. A. Schneiderman: Occurrence of substances with juvenile hormone activity in adrenal cortex of vertebrates. Science 128, 844 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Gilbert, L. I., and H. A. Schneiderman: Prothoracic gland stimulation by juvenile hormone extracts of insects. Nature (London) 184, 171–173 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  105. Gilbert, L. I., and H. A. Schneiderman: The development of a bioassay for the juvenile hormone of insects. Trans. Amer. micr. Soc. 79, 38–67 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  106. Gilbert, L. I., and H. A. Schneiderman: The content of juvenile hormone and lipid in Lepidoptera: sexual differences and developmental changes. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 1, 453–472 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Gilbert, L. I., and H. A. Schneiderman: Some aspects of insect metamorphosis. Am. Zoologist 1, 11–51 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Grässmann, A., A. Geyer, G. Herda, and P. Schmialek: Die Inaktivierung von Juvenilhormonwirksamen Substanzen in Insekten. Acta ent. bohemoslov. 65, 92–99 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  109. Guerra, A. A.: Effect of biologically active substances in the diet on development and reproduction of Heliothis spp. J. Econ. Entomol. 63, 1518–1521 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Gwadz, R. W., L. P. Lounibos, and G. B. Craig: Precocious sexual receptivity induced by juvenile hormone analog in female of the yellow mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 16,47–51 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Hanahan, D. J., F. R. N. Gurd, and I. Zabin: Lipide chemistry, 300 pp. New York: J. Wiley. 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Hejno, K., V. Jarolím, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 5534 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  113. Hejno, K., Y. Jarolím, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 6793 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  114. Hejno, K., Y. Jarolím, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. 138448 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  115. Herout, V.: Biochemistry of sesquiterpenoids. In: Goodwin, T. W., ed.: Aspects of terpenoid chemistry and biochemistry, pp. 53–94. (Proc. Phytochem. Soc. Symp.) Academic Press. 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  116. Herout, Y.: Some relations between plants, insects and their isoprenoids. Progr. Phytochem., Yol. II, pp. 143–202. Interscience Publ. 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  117. Hidaka, T., and T. Ohtaki: Effet de l’hormone juvénile et du farnésol sur la coloration tégumentaire de la nymphe de Pieris rapae crucivora Boisd. C. R. Séanc. Soc. Biol. 157, 928–930 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Highnam, K. C., and L. Hill: (see reference No. 126 on p. 74).

    Google Scholar 

  119. Highnam, K. C., O. Lusis, and L. Hill: Factors affecting oocyte resorption in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal). J. Insect Physiol. 9, 587–596 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  120. Highnam, K. C., O. Lusis, and L. Hill: The role of the corpora allata during oocyte growth in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal). J. Insect Physiol. 9, 827–837 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Hintze, Ch.: Die Wirkung von Methylfarnesoatdihydrochlorid auf die Umfärbung und das Verpuppungsverhalten der Raupe von Cerura vinula L. (Lepidoptera). Biol. Zbl. 88, 77–83 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Hintze-Podufal, Ch.: The juvenile hormone-like effect of farnesol derivatives on the pupal development of Cerura vinula L. Z. Naturforsch. 26 b, 154–157 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  123. Hitcho, P. J., and R. E. Thorson: Possible molting and maturation controls in Trichinella spiralis. J. Parasitol. 57, 787–793 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Hlaváček, J., L. Dolejš, and F. Šorm: Natural and syntethic materials with insect hormone activity. XIII. Aromatic terpenic thioethers. Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 37, 3905–3908 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  125. Hodková, M.: The effect of juvenile hormone on the nucleic acid content in various organs during the reproduction cycle of Pyrrhocoris females. Acta Soc. Zool. Czechoslov. (In press.)

    Google Scholar 

  126. Hoffmann, W. H., H. Pasedach, and H. Pommer: Reaktionen von Allylalkoholen mit aktiven Methin- und Methylenverbindungen. Ann. 729, 52–63 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Hsiao, C., and T. H. Hsiao: Insect hormones: their effects on diapause and development of Hymenoptera. Life Sciences 8, 767–774 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Ilan, J., J. Ilan, and N. Patel: Mechanism of gene expression in Tenebrio molitor—juvenile hormone determination of translational control through transfer ribonucleic acid and enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 245, 1275–1281 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Ilan, J., J. Ilan, and J. H. Quastel: Effects of actinomycin D on nucleic acid metabolism and protein biosynthesis during metamorphosis of Tenebrio molitor L. Biochem. J. 100, 441–447 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Ilan, J., J. Ilan, and S. Ricklis: Inhibition by juvenile hormone of growth of Crithidia fasciculata in culture. Nature 224, 179–180 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Irving, G. W., Jr.: Agricultural pest control and the environment. Science 168, 1419–1424 (1970).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Jacobson, M.: Chemistry of natural products with juvenile hormone activity. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 73–77 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  133. Janda, V., Jr.: Einfluß einer juvenilhormonwirksamen Substanz auf den Protein-, Fett- und Glykogenmetabolismus der Larven von Dysdercus cingulatus (Fabr.). Zool. Jb. Physiol. 75, 361–369 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Jarolím, V., K. Hejno, F. Sehnal, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 8. Juvenile activity of the farnesane-type compounds on Galleria mellonella. Life Sciences 8, 831–841 (1969).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. Jarolím, V., K. Hejno, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. 138444 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  136. Jarolím, V., K. Hejno, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. 142094 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  137. Jarolím, V., K. Hejno, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. 144091 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  138. Jarolím, V., K. Hejno, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. 142098 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  139. Jarolím, V., K. Hejno, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. 142096 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  140. Jarolím, V., K. Hejno, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. 142095 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  141. Jarolím, V., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 2371 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  142. Jarolím, V., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 3119 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  143. Jarolím, V., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl.PV 7674 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  144. Jarolím, V., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 7868 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  145. Jarolím, V., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 1872 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  146. Jarolím, V., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 3941 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  147. Jarolím, V., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 7002 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  148. Johnson, W. S., T. J. Brocksom, P. Loew, D. H. Rich, L. Werthemann, R. A. Arnold, T. Li, and J. D. Faulkner: Olefinic ketal Claisen rearrangement. A facile route to juvenile hormone. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 92, 4463–4464 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Johnson, W. S., S. F. Campbell, A. Krishnakumaran, and A. S. Meyer: Total synthesis of the racemic form of the second juvenile hormone (Methyl 12-homojuvenate) from the Cecropia silk moth. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. 62, 1005–1009 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Johnson, W. S., Tsung-Tee Li, D. J. Faulkner, and S. F. Campbell: A highly stereoselective synthesis of the racemic juvenile hormone. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 90, 6225–6226 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Johnson, W. S., L. Werthemann, W. R. Bartlett, T. J. Brockson, I. Li, D. J. Faulkner, and M. R. Petersen: A simple stereoselective version of the Claisen rearrangement leading to transtrisubstituted olefinic bonds. Synthesis of squalene. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 92, 741–743 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Joly, P.: Réactions de Locusta migratoria dans substances juvénilisantes. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 5, 53 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  153. Joly, P.: Résultats d’injections de fortes doses d’hormone juvénile á Locusta migratoria en phase grégaire. C. R. Hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci. (Paris) D 268, 1634–1635 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  154. Joly, P., and A. S. Meyer: Action de I’hormone juvenile sur Locusta migratoria (Orthoptère) en phase grégaire. Arch. Zool. Exp. Gén. 111, 51–63 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  155. Judy, K. J., and L. I. Gilbert: Effects of juvenile hormone and molting hormone on rectal pad development in Hyalophora cecropia. J. Morph. 131, 301–314 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Julia, M., S. Julia, and R. Guégan: Préparation de composés terpéniques et apparentes, à partir de méthyl cyclopropyl cétone. Bull. Soc. Chim. (France) 1960, 1072–1079.

    Google Scholar 

  157. Kahovcová, J., Z. Arnold, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. XV. Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 38, 765–769 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  158. Kahovcová, J., Z. Arnold, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. XVI. Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 38, 1165–1167 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  159. Karlson, P., L. F. Congote, and C. E. Sekeris: Stimulation of RNA synthesis by juvenile hormone in isolated fat body nuclei from Calliphora erythrocephala. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 171–176 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  160. Karlson, P., and M. Nachtigall: Ein biologischer Test zur quantitativen Bestimmung der Juvenilhormon-Aktivität von Insekten extrakten. J. Insect Physiol. 7, 210–215 (1961). 19 Sláma/Romaňuk/Šorm, Insect Hormones

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Karlson, P., and P. Schmialek: Nachweis der Exkretion von Juvenil-hormonen. Z. Naturforsch. 14 b, 821 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  162. Killian, D. B., G. T. Hennion, and J. A. Nieuwland: Addition of methanol to alkenyl acetylenes. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 58, 892–894 (1936).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Knipling, E. F.: Alternate methods of controlling insect pests. FDA Papers 3, 16–24 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  164. Krishnakumaran, A., S. J. Berry, H. Oberlander, and H. A. Schneiderman: see ref. [174] on page 77.

    Google Scholar 

  165. Krishnakumaran, A., and H. A. Schneiderman: Brain hormone activity of certain terpene derivatives in insects. Amer. Zool. 3, 532 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  166. Krishnakumaran, A., and H. A. Schneiderman: Prothoracotrophic activity of compounds that mimic juvenile hormone. J. Insect Physiol. 11, 1517–1532 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Kroeger, H., and M. Lezzi: Regulation of gene action in insect development. Ann. Rev. Entom. 11, 1–22 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Larsen, J. R.: Inability of metabolizable oils to mimic corpus allatum hormone stimulation of ovarian development in mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens). Nature 206, 428 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Larsen, J. R., and D. Bodenstein: The humoral control of egg maturation in the mosquito. J. Exp. Zool. 140, 343–382 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Laufer, H., and T. K. H. Holt: Juvenile hormone effects on chromosomal puffing and development in Chironomics thummi. J. Exp. Zool. 173, 341–352 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Laverdure, A. M.: Action de l’eedysone et de l’ester méthylique du farnesol sur l’ovaire nymphal de Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptére) cultivé in vitro. Ann. Endocrin. 31, 516–524 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Law, J. H., C. Yuan, and C. M. Williams: Synthesis of a material with high juvenile hormone activity. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 55, 576–578 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Lawrence, P. A.: Cellular differentiation and pattern formation during metamorphosis of the milkweed bug Oncopeltus. Dev. Biol. 19, 12–40 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Levinson, H. Z.: Studies on the juvenile hormone (neotenin) activity of various hormonomimetic materials. Riv. Parasitol. 27, 47–63 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Levinson, H. Z., and E. Zlotkin: The pseudojuvenilizing effect of protein denaturants on the integument of Tenebrio molitor. J. Insect Physiol. 18, 511–519 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Lewallen, L. L.: Effects of farnesol and ziram on mosquito larvae. Mosquito News 24, 43–45 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Lewis, C. T.: Diffusion of oil films over insects. Nature 193, 904 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Lezzi, M., and M. Frigg: Specific effects of juvenile hormone on chromosome function. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 163–170 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  179. Lezzi, M., and L. I. Gilbert: Control of gene aetivities in the polytene ehromosomes of Chironomus tentans by ecdysone and juvenile hormone. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 64, 498–503 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Linstead, R. P., J. C. Lunt, B. C. L. Weedon, and B. R. Shephard: Anodic syntheses. Part VI. Chain extension of fatty acids by an isoprene unit. J. Chem. Soc. 1952, 3621–3624.

    Google Scholar 

  181. Loew, P., and W. S. Johnson: The synthesis of the optically active form of the C-18 Cecropia juvenile hormone. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 93, 3765–3766 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Loew, P., J. B. Siddall, V. L. Spain, and L. Werthemann: A short stereoselective synthesis of Cecropia juvenile hormone. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 67, 1462–1464 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Loew, P., J. B. Siddall, V. L. Spain, and L. Werthemann: A short stereoselective synthesis of Cecropia juvenile hormone. Experimental details. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 67, 1824–1826 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Loof A. de, and A. Lagasse: Juvenile hormone and the ultrastructural properties of the fat body of the adult Colorado beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. Z. Zellforsch. 106, 439–450 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  185. Loof, A. de, and J. de Wilde: Hormonal control of synthesis of vitellogenie female protein in the Colorado beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. J. Insect Physiol. 16, 1455–1466 (1970).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  186. Lüscher, M.: Die Bedeutung des Juvenilhormons für die Differenzierung der Soldaten bei der Termite Kalotermes flavicollis. Proc. VI Congr. IUSSI, Bern, pp. 165–170 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  187. Lüscher, M., G. Mühlmann, and M. Wyss-Huber: Juvenile hormone and protein synthesis in adult female cockroaches. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 197–206 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  188. Machková, Z., L. Dolejš, and F. Šorm: Derivatives of p-aminoacetophenone with juvenile hormone activity. Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 38, 595–598 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  189. Machlis, L., W. H. Nutting, M. W. Williams, and H. Rapoport: Production, isolation, and characterisation of sirenin. Biochemistry 5, 2147–2152 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Masner, P.: The application of juvenile hormone-like substances for the study of morphogenesis of the gonads of Pyrrhocoris apterus (Insecta, Heteroptera). Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 9, 472 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  191. Masner, P., K. Sláma, and V. Landa: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 4. Specific female sterility effects produced by a juvenile hormone analogue. J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. 20, 25–31 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  192. Masner, P., K. Sláma, and Y. Landa: Sexually spread insect sterility induced by the analogue of juvenile hormone. Nature 219, 395–396 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Masner, P., K. Sláma, J. Žďarek, and Y. Landa: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 10. A method of sexually spread insect sterility. J. Econ. Entomol. 63, 706–710 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Matolín, S.: Effects of a juvenile hormone analogue on embryogenesis in Pyrrhocoris apterus L. Acta ent. bohemoslov. 67, 9–12 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  195. Mansingh, A., T. S. Sahota, and D. A. Shaw: Juvenile hormone activity in the wood and bark extracts of some forest trees. Canad. Entomol. 102, 49–53 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Mayo, P. de: Mono- and sesquiterpenoids. New York: Interscience Publ. 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  197. McFarlane, J. E.: Fatty acids, methyl esters and insect growth. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 24, 377–384 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  198. McGovern, T. P., R. E. Redfern, and M. Beroza: Juvenile hormone activity of acetals applied topically and as a vapor to the yellow meal-worm. J. Econ. Entomol. 64, 238–241 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Melor, J. M., and S. Munavali: Synthesis of sesquiterpenes. Quart. Revs. 18, 270–294 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  200. Meltzer, J., and S. Heijnsbergen: Experiments with neotenine and isoprenoids on the Colorado potato beetle. Meded. Landbouwhogesch. Opzoeking Staat Gent 30, 1599–1608 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  201. Menon, M.: Hormone-pheromone relationship in the beetle Tenebrio molitor. J. Insect Physiol. 16, 1123–1139 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Metwally, M. M., and F. Sehnal: Effects of juvenile hormone analogues on the metamorphosis of beetles Trogoderma granarium (Dermestidae) and Garyedon gonagra (Bruchidae). Biol. Bull. 144, 368–383 (1973).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. Metzler, M., K. H. Dahm, D. Meyer, and H. Röller: On the biosynthesis of juvenile hormone in the adult Cecropia moth. Z. Naturforsch.26 b, 1270–1276 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  204. Metzler, M., D. Meyer, K. H. Dahm, H. Röller, and J. B. Siddall: Biosynthesis of juvenile hormone from 10-epoxy-7-ethyl-3,11-dimethyl-2,6-tridecadienoic acid in the adult Cecropia moth. Z. Naturforsch. 27 b, 321–322 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  205. Meyer, A. S.: The juvenile hormones of the Cecropia silk moth. A chronicle. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 37–63 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  206. Meyer, A. S., and H. A. Ax: Liquid-solid chromatographic procedures for juvenile hormone purification and characterisation. J. Insect Physiol. 11, 695–702 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Meyer, A. S., and E. Hanzmann: The optical activity of the Cecropia juvenile hormones. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 41, 891–893 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Meyer,. A. ,S., E. Hanzmann, H. A. Schneiderman, L. I. Gilbert, and M. Boyette: The isolation and identification of the two juvenile hormones from the Cecropia silk moth. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 137, 190–213 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  209. Meyer, A. S., H. A. Schneiderman, and L. I. Gilbert: A highly purified preparation of juvenile hormone from the silk moth Hyalophora cecropia. Nature 206, 272–275 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Meyer, A. S., H. A. Schneiderman, E. Hanzmann, and J. H. Ko: The two juvenile hormones from the Cecropia silk moth. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci; (Amer.) 60, 853–860 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. Minks, A. K.: Biochemical aspects of juvenile hormone action in the adult Locusta migratoria. Arch; Néerl. Zool. 17, 175–258 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Monro, J., and P. T. Bailey: Influence of radiation on ovarian maturation and histolysis of pupal fat body in Diptera. Nature 207, 437–438 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Mori, K.: Synthesis of compounds with juvenile hormone activity. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 17–35 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  214. Mori, K., and M. Matsui: Synthesis of (±)-juvabione (methyl (±)- todomatuate), a sesquiterpene ester with juvenile hormone activity. Tetrahedron Letters 1967, 2515–2518.

    Google Scholar 

  215. Mori, K., and M. Matsui: Synthesis of compounds with juvenile hormone activity I. (±)-Juvabione (methyl (±)-todomatuate). Tetrahedron 24, 3127–3138 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  216. Mori, K., and M. Matsui: Synthesis of mono- and sesquiterpenoids II. (±)-Sesquicarene and a mixture of (±)-sirenin and its C-7-epimer. Tetrahedron 26, 2801–2814 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. Mori, K., and M. Matsui: Synthesis of compounds with juvenile hormone activity. Part Y. Some β-bisabolene derivatives. Agr. Biol. Chem. 34, 115–121 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Mori, K., T. Miyake, I. Yoshimura, and M. Matsui: Synthesis of compounds with juvenile hormone activity. Part III. (±)-Demethyljuvabione and demethyl-ar-juvabione. Agr. Biol. Chem. 33, 1745–1750 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. Mori, K., B. Stalla-Bourdillon, M. Ohki, M. Matsui, and W. S. Bowers: Synthese de composes d’activité hormonale juvenile —II. Syntheses du melange des stereoisomeres de hormone juvenile de Hyalophora cecropia et de ses analogues. Tetrahedron 25, 1667–1677 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Mouse, M. M.: Rôle de l’hormone juvénile dans la métamorphose oculaire de larves d’Aeschna cyanea Müll. (Insecte Odonate). C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) D 273, 2316–2319 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  221. Müller, H. P.: Zur Frage der Steuerung des Paarungsverhaltens und der Eireifung bei der Feldheusehrecke Euthystira brachyptera Oesk. unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Rolle der Corpora allata. Z. Vergl. Physiol. 50, 447–497 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  222. Nair, K. K.: Susceptibility of mosquito larvae to a synthetic juvenile hormone, farnesyldiethylamine. Naturwissenschaften 54, 494–495 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  223. Nakanishi, K., D. A. Schooley, M. Koreeda, and J. Dillon: Absolute configuration of the C18-juvenile hormone: application of a new circular dichroism method using tris(dipivaloylmethanato) praseodymium. Chem. Communications 1971, 1235–1236.

    Google Scholar 

  224. Nakazaki, M., S. Isoe: The structure of todomatuic acid. Synthesis of (±)-dihydro-desoxo-todomatuic acid. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jap. 34, 741–742 (1961); 36, 1198–1204 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Němec, V., V. Jarolím, K. Hejno, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 7. Juvenile activity of the farnesane-type compounds on Locusta migratoria L. and Schisto-cerca gregaria (Forskal.). Life Sciences 9, 821–831 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  226. Nohel, P., and K. Sláma: 1972 (see reference No. 216 on p. 79).

    Google Scholar 

  227. Novák, V. J. A.: (see reference No. 218 on p. 79).

    Google Scholar 

  228. Novák, V. J. A.: The juvenile hormone and the problem of animal morphogenesis. In: Beament, J. W. L., and J. E. Treherne, eds.: Insects and Physiology, pp. 119–132. Edinburgh-London: Oliver & Boyd. 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  229. Novák, V. J. A.: Insect embryology and its hormonal influencing. Proc. XIII Int. Congr. Entomol. (Moscow) 1, 423–424 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  230. Novák, V. J. A.: Morphological analysis of the effects of juvenile hormone analogues and other morphogenetically active substances on embryos of Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal.). J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. 21, 1–21 (1969).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  231. Novák, V. J. A.: Juvenile hormone action as a special type of DNA-derepression. Insect endocrines, Academia Praha, 139–148 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  232. Novák, V. J. A., and E. Červenková: The function of corpus allatum in the last larval instar of metabolic insects. The Ontogeny of Insects, Nakladatelství ČSAY, Praha, pp. 152–156 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  233. Newman, M. S., and P. F. Beal: A new synthesis of a-alkoxy ketones. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 72, 5161–5163 (1950).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  234. Oberlander, H., and H. A. Schneiderman: Juvenile hormone and RNA synthesis in pupal tissues of saturniid moths. J. Insect Physiol. 12, 37–41 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  235. Pallos, F. M., J. J. Menn, P. E. Letchworth, and J. B. Miaulis: Synthetic mimics of insect juvenile hormone. Nature 232, 486–487 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  236. Pan, M. L., and G. R. Wyatt: Juvenile hormone induced vitellogenin synthesis in the monarch butterfly. Science 174, 503–505 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  237. Pánková, M., and F. Šorm: Unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  238. Pattenden, G., and B. C. L. Weedon: Carotenoids and related compounds. Part XVIII. Synthesis of cis- and di-cis-polyenes by reaction of Wittig type. J. Chem. Soc. 1968, 1984–1986.

    Google Scholar 

  239. Patterson, J. W.: Critical sensitivity of the ovary of Aedes aegypti adults to sterilization by juvenile hormone mimics. Nature (London) 233, 176–177 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  240. Pawson, B. A., H. C. Cheung, S. Gurbaxani, and G. Saucy: Syntheses of natural (+)-juvabione, its enantiomer (—)-juvabione, and their diastereoisomers (+)- and (—)-epijuvabione. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 92, 336–343 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  241. Peyer, B., and W. Vogel: Correlations in the spectrum of activity of juvenile hormone analogues. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 187–192 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  242. Pfiffner, A.: Juvenile hormones. In: Goodwin, T. W., ed.: Aspects of terpenoid chemistry and biochemistry, pp. 95–133. London-New York: Academic Press. 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  243. Pflugfelder, O.: (see reference No. 273 on p. 80).

    Google Scholar 

  244. Pierrard, G.: Effet juvénile de la substance SW sur Dysdercus völkeri Schmidt et ses possibilités d’utilisation dans la lutte contre ce déprédateur. Med. Rijksfac. Landbouw. Wetenschap. Gent 32, 623–632 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  245. Pilan, J. C., and A. M. Bautz: Utilisation des mimétiques de l’hormone juvénile comme agents tératogénes de la morphogenése tégumentaire chez Calliphora erythrocephala Meigen (Insecte Diptère). C. R. Hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci. (Paris) D 270, 2973–2976 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  246. Poduška, K., J. Hlaváček, F. Šorm, and K. Sláma: Simple peptide derivatives with insect juvenile hormone activity. In: Nesvadba, H., ed.: Peptides, pp. 286–289. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Comp. 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  247. Poduška, K., F. Šorm, and K. Sláma: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 9. Structure-juvenile hormone activity relationships in simple peptides. Z. Naturforsch. 26 b, 719–722 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  248. Poduška, K., M. Zaoral, K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 6240 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  249. Ratuský, J.: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 3415 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  250. Ratuský, J., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity VI. Juvenile hormone effects of some alkyl-ethers derived from aliphatic β-hydroxy acids. J. Stored Prod. Res. 5, 111–117 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  251. Ratuský, J., and F. Šorm: Czech. Pat. 132932 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  252. Redfern, R. E., T. P. McGovern, and M. Beroza: Juvenile hormone activity of sesamex and related compounds in tests on the yellow mealworm. J. Econ. Entomol. 63, 540–545 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  253. Redfern, R. E., T. P. McGovern, R. Sarmiento, and M. Beroza: Juvenile hormone activity of mixed ethers containing a phenyl and a terpenoid moiety applied topically to the large milkweed bug and the yellow mealworm. J. Econ. Entomol. 64, 374–376 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  254. Retnakaran, A.: Blocking of embryonic development in the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), by some compounds with juvenile hormone activity. Canad. Entomol. 102, 1592–1596 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  255. Retnakaran, A., and D. Grisdale: The ovicidal effect of the hydrochlorination reaction mixture on the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens. J. Econ. Entomol. 63, 907–909 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  256. Riddiford, L. M.: Juvenile hormone application to Hemipteran eggs: delayed effects on postembryonic development. Amer. Zool. 9, 1120 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  257. Riddiford, L. M.: Prevention of metamorphosis by exposure of insect eggs to juvenile hormone analogues. Science 167, 287–288 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  258. Riddiford, L. M.: Effects of juvenile hormone on the programming of postembryonic development in eggs of the silkworm, Hyalophora cecropia. Develop. Biol. 22, 249–263 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  259. Riddiford, L. M.: Juvenile hormone and insect embryogenesis. Mitt. Schweiz. Entomol. Ges. 44, 177–186 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  260. Riddiford, L. M., A. M. Ajami, E. J. Corey, H. Yamamoto, and J. E. Anderson: Synthetic imino analogs of Cecropia juvenile hormones as potentiators of juvenile hormone activity. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 93, 1815–1816 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  261. Riddiford, L. M., and C. M. Williams: The effect of juvenile hormone analogues on the embryonic development of silkworms. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 57, 595–601 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  262. Röller, H., and J. S. Bjerke: Purification and isolation of juvenile hormone and its action in Lepidopteran larvae. Life Sciences 4, 1617–1624 (1965).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  263. Röller, H., J. S. Bjerke, L. M. Holthaus, D. W. Norgard, and W. H. McShan: Isolation and biological properties of the juvenile hormone. J. Insect Physiol. 15, 379–389 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  264. Röller, H., J. S. Bjerke, and W. H. Mc Shan: The juvenile hormone. I. Methods of purification and isolation. J. Insect Physiol. 11, 1185–1197 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  265. Röller, H., and K. H. Dahm: The chemistry and biology of juvenile hormone. Rec. Progr. Horm. Res. 24, 651–680 (1968).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  266. Röller, H., and K. H. Dahm: The identity of juvenile hormone produced by corpora allata in vitro. Naturwissenschaften 57, 454–455 (1970).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  267. Röller, H., K. H. Dahm, C. C. Sweeley, and B. M. Trost: Die Struktur des Juvenilhormons. Angew. Chem. 79, 190–191 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  268. Romaňuk, M.: Séleetivité de l’effet de certains analogues de l’hormone juvénile. Arch. Zool. Exp. Gén. 112, 553–563 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  269. Romaňuk, M.: Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  270. Romaňuk, M., and K. Sláma: Unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  271. Romaňuk, M., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Constitution of a compound with pronounced juvenile hormone activity. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 57, 349–352 (1967),

    Google Scholar 

  272. Romaňuk, M., L. Streinz, F. Šorm, and K. Sláma: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 7824 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  273. Romaňuk, M., L. Streinz, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. XII. Synthesis of methyl 3,7,11,11-tetramethyl-2-dodecenoate and some of its homologues. Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 37, 1755–1761 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  274. Rose, M., J. Westermann, H. Trautmann, P. Schmialek, and J. Klauske: Juvenilhormonwirksame Verbindungen. I. Juvenilhormonwirkungen bei Tenebrio molitor L. in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration der hormonalen Substanz. Z. Naturforsch. 23 b, 1245–1248 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  275. Sahota, T. S.: Hormonal control of ovarian development and metamorphosis in Malacosoma pluviale. Canad. J. Zool. 47, 917–920 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  276. Saxena, K. N., and C. M. Williams: Paper factor as an inhibitor of the metamorphosis of the red cotton bug, Dysdercus koenigii F. Nature (London) 210, 441–442 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  277. Schmialek, P.: Die Identifizierung zweier in Tenebriokot und in Hefe vorkommender Substanzen mit Juvenilhormonwirkung. Z. Naturforsch. 16 b, 461–464 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  278. Schmialek, P.: Metamorphosehemmung von Tenebrio molitor durch Farnesylmethyläther. Z. Naturforsch. 18 b, 513–515 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  279. Schmialek, P.: Über die Bildung von Juvenilhormonen in Wildseidenspinnern. Z. Naturforsch. 18 b, 462–465 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  280. Schmialek, P.: Über Verbindungen mit Juvenilhormonwirkung. Z. Naturforsch. 18 b, 516–519 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  281. Schmialek, P., and G. Drews: Wirkung von Farnesylmethyläther auf die Atmung von Tenebrio molitor Puppen. Z. Naturforsch. 20 b, 214–215 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  282. Schneiderman, H. A.: The strategy of controlling insect pests with growth regulators. Bull. Soc. Ent. Suisse 44, 141–149 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  283. Schneiderman, H. A., and L. I. Gilbert: Substances with juvenile hormone activity in Crustacea and other invertebrates. Biol. Bull. 115, 530–535 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  284. Schneiderman, H. A., and L. I. Gilbert: The inactivation of juvenile hormone extracts by pupal silkworms. Anat. Rec. 131, 557–558 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  285. Schneiderman, H. A., and L. I. Gilbert: The chemistry and physiology of insect growth hormones. In: Rudnick, D., ed.: Cell, Organism and Milieu, pp. 157–187. Ronald Press Comp. 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  286. Schneiderman, H. A., and L. I. Gilbert: Control of growth and development in insects. Science 143, 325–333 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  287. Schneiderman, H. A., L. I. Gilbert, and M. J. Weinstein: Juvenile hormone activity in microorganisms and plants. Nature 188, 1041–1042 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  288. Schneiderman, H. A., A. Krishnakumaran, P. J. Bryant, and F. Sehnal: Endocrinological and genetic strategies in insect control. In: Proc. Symp. Potent. Crop Protect., N. Y. State Agric. Exp. Sta., Geneva, pp. 14–25 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  289. Schneiderman, H. A., A. Krishnakumaran, Y. G. Kulkarni, and L. Friedman: Juvenile hormone activity of structurally unrelated compounds. J. Insect Physiol. 11, 1641–1649 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  290. Schoonhoven, L. M.: Chemosensory bases of host plant selection. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 13, 115–136 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  291. Schulz, H., and I. Sprung: Synthese des dl-Juvenilhormons des Riesenseidenspinners Hyalophora ccropia. Angew. Chem. 81, 258 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  292. Schwarz, M., P. E. Sonnet, and N. Wakabayashi: Insect juvenile hormone: activity of selected terpenoid compounds. Science 167, 191–192 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  293. Schwarz, M., N. Wakabayashi, P. E. Sonnet, and R. E. Redfern: Compounds related to juvenile hormone. VII. Activity of selected nitrogen-containing terpenoid compounds on the yellow mealworm. J. Econ. Entomol. 63, 1858–1860 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  294. Sehnal, F.: (personal communications).

    Google Scholar 

  295. Sehnal, F., and A. S. Meyer: Larval-pupal transformation: control by juvenile hormone. Science 159, 981–984 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  296. Shaaya, E., and D. Bodenstein: The function of the accessory sex glands in Periplaneta americana (L.) II. The role of the juvenile hormone in the synthesis of protein and protocatechuic acid glucoside. J. Exp. Zool. 170, 281–292 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  297. Shepard, H. H.: Methods of testing chemicals on insects. Burgess Publ. Co., Minneapolis, I, 0–356 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  298. Shepard, H. H.: Methods of testing chemicals on insects. Burgess Publ. Co., Minneapolis, II, 0–248 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  299. Siddall, J. B.: (personal communication).

    Google Scholar 

  300. Siddall, J. B., R. J. Anderson, and C. A. Henrick: Studies on insect hormones. Proc. XXIIIrd Int. Congr. Pure & Appl. Chem., pp. 17–25. London: Butterworths. 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  301. Siddall, J. B., and M. Slade: Absence of acute oral toxicity of Hyalophora cecropia juvenile hormone in mice. Nature New Biol. 229, 158 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  302. Siew, Y. C., and L. I. Gilbert: Effects of moulting hormone and juvenile hormone on insect endocrine gland activity. J. Insect Physiol. 17, 2095–2104 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  303. Sláma, K.: Pseudojuvenilizing effect in insects. Acta Soc. Ent. Čechoslov. 58, 117–120 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  304. Sláma, K.: The juvenile hormone like effect of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and some other compounds in insect metamorphosis. Acta Soc. Ent. Čechoslov. 59, 323–340 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  305. Sláma, K.: (see reference No. 313 on p. 84).

    Google Scholar 

  306. Sláma, K.: The effect of hormone mimetic substances on the ovarian development and oxygen consumption in allatectomized adult females of Pyrrhocoris apterus L. (Hemiptera). J. Insect Physiol. 11, 1121–1129 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  307. Sláma, K.: Plants as a source of materials with insect hormone activity. Ent. Exp. & Appl. 12, 721–728 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  308. Sláma, K.: Insect juvenile hormone analogues. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 40, 1079–1102 (1971).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  309. Sláma, K.: Some aspects of insect hormone research. In: Novák, V. J. A., and K. Sláma, eds.: Insect Endocrines, pp. 149–156. Academia Praha. 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  310. Sláma, K.: (see reference No. 310 on p. 84).

    Google Scholar 

  311. Sláma, K.: Insect hormones: the developmental story of Dermestes. Biol. Bull. (In press.)

    Google Scholar 

  312. Sláma, K., K. Hejno, Y. Jarolím, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 5. Specific juvenile hormone effects in aliphatic sesquiterpenes. Biol. Bull. 139, 222–228 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  313. Sláma, K., M. Romaňuk, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 2. Juvenile hormone activity of some derivativos of farnesenic acid. Biol. Bull. 136, 91–95 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  314. Sláma, K., M. Romaňuk, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 11. Juvenile activity of methyl 3,7,11,11-tetramethyl-2-dodecenoate and its homologues. J. Insect Physiol. 18, 19–24 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  315. Sláma, K., M. Suchý, and F. Šorm: Natural and synthetic materials with insect hormone activity. 3. Juvenile hormone activity of derivatives of p-(1,5-dimethylhexyl) benzoic acid. Biol. Bull. 134, 154–159 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  316. Sláma, K., and C. M. Williams: Juvenile hormone activity for the bug Pyrrhocoris apterus. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 54, 411–414 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  317. Sláma, K., and C. M. Williams: „Paper factor“ as an inhibitor of the embryonic development of the European bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus. Nature 210, 329–330 (1966).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  318. Sláma, K., and C. M. Williams: The juvenile hormone. V. The sensitivity of the bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus, to a hormonally active factor in American paper-pulp. Biol. Bull. 130, 235–246 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  319. Slepecky, R. A., and L. I. Gilbert: The antimicrobial activity of some insect extracts possessing juvenile hormone activity. Experientia 18, 1–5 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  320. Socha,R., and F. Sehnal: Inhibition of adult development in Tenebrio molitor by insect hormones and antibiotics. J. Insect Physiol. 18, 317–337 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  321. Sonnet, P. E., M. Schwarz, and N. Wakabayashi: Compounds related to insect juvenile hormone. V. Derivatives of citronellol and citronellylamine. J. Med. Chem. 13, 1247–1248 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  322. Šorm, F.: Some juvenile hormone analogues. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 7–16 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  323. Šorm, F., M. Svoboda, J. Závada, K. Sláma, and Z. Arnold: Czech. Pat. Appl. PV 3600 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  324. Spielman, A., and V. Skaff: Inhibition of metamorphosis and of ecdysis in mosquitoes. J. Insect Physiol. 13, 1087–1095 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  325. Spielman, A., and C. M. Williams: Lethal effects of synthetic juvenile hormone on larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Science 154, 1043–1044 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  326. Srivastava, U. S., and L. I. Gilbert: Juvenile hormone: effects on a higher dipteran. Science 161, 61–62 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  327. Srivastava, U. S., and L. I. Gilbert: The influence of juvenile hormone on the metamorphosis of Sarcophaga bullata. J. Insect. Physiol. 15, 177–189 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  328. Sroka, P., and L. I. Gilbert: Studies on the endocrine control of postemergence ovarian maturation in Manduca sexta. J. Insect Physiol. 17, 2409–2419 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  329. Staal, G. B.: Insect hormones in plants. Med. Rijksfac. Landbouw. Wetenschappen Gent 32, 393–400 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  330. Staal, G. B.: Practical aspects of insect control by juvenile hormone. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org. 44, 391–394 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  331. Staal, G. B.: The role of juvenile hormone in the morphogenetical development of larval instar in Lepidoptera. Endocrinol. exp. 5, 35–38 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  332. Steen, J. B.: The effect of juvenile hormone on the respiratory metabolism of silkworm pupae, as recorded with a new semimicro device. Acta Physiol. Scand. 51, 275–282 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  333. Stegwee, D.: Metabolic effect of a corpus allatum hormone in diapausing Leptinotarsa deeemlineata Say. Verh. XI. Int. Kongr. Entom. (Wien) B 3, 218–221 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  334. Stowe, B. B., and V. W. Hudson: Growth promotion in pea stem sections. III. By alkyl nitriles, alkyl acetylenes and insect juvenile hormones. Plant Physiol. 44, 1051–1057 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  335. Suchý, M., K. Sláma, and F. Šorm: Insect hormone activity of p-(1,5-dimethylhexyl) benzoic acid derivativos in Dysdercus species. Science 162, 582–583 (1968).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  336. Suchý, M., and F. Šorm: Czech. Patents No. 131632 (1969), 131635 (1969), 134459 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  337. Tamelen, E. E. van, and J. P. McCormick: Synthesis of Cecropia juvenile hormone from trans,trans-Farnesol. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 92, 737–738 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  338. Thomas, P. J., and P. L. Bhatnagar-Thomas: Use of a juvenile hormone analogue as insecticide for pests of stored grain. Nature (London) 219, 949 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  339. Treherne, J. E.: The diffusion of non-electrolytes through the isolated cuticle of Schistocerca gregaria. J. Insect Physiol. 1, 178–186 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  340. Trost, B. M.: The juvenile hormone of Hyalophora cecropia. Accounts Chem. Res. 3, 120–130 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  341. Varjas, L.: The effective dosis of juvenile hormone analogues from the point of view of insect control. Acta Phytopath. Acad. Sci. Hung. 6, 219–227 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  342. Vinson, J. W., and C. M. Williams: Lethal effects of synthetic juvenile hormone on the human body louse. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Amer.) 58, 294–297 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  343. Wadsworth, W. S., and W. D. Emmons: The utility of phosphonate carbanions in olefin synthesis. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 83, 1733–1738 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  344. Wakabayashi, N.: Compounds related to insect juvenile hormone. J. Med. Chem. 12, 191–192 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  345. Wakabayashi, N., M. Schwarz, P. E. Sonnet, R. M. Waters, R. E. Redfern, and M. Jacobson: Compounds related to insect juvenile hormones. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 131–140 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  346. Wakabayashi, N., P. E. Sonnet, and M. W. Law: Compounds related to insect juvenile hormone IV. J. Med. Chem. 12, 911–913 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  347. Walker, W. F., and W. S. Bowers: Synthetic juvenile hormones as potential coleopteran ovicides. J. Econ. Entomol. 63, 1231–1233 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  348. Weirich, G.: Zur Frage der hormonalen Regulation der Eireifung bei Insekten. Inaug. Diss. Naturwiss. Fak. Ludwig-Maxmilians Univ., München (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  349. Wellington, W. G.: Effects of three hormonal mimics on mortality, metamorphosis, and reproduction of the western tent caterpillar, Malacosoma californicum pluviale. Canad. Entomol. 101, 1163–1172 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  350. Wellington, W. G., and D. A. Maelzer: Effects of farnesyl methyl ether on the reproduction of western tent caterpillar, Malacosoma pluviale. Some physiologieal, ecological and practical implieations. Canad. Entomol. 99, 249–263 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  351. Westermann, J., M. Rose, H. Trautmann, P. Schmialek, and J. Klauske: Juvenilhormon-wirksame Verbindungen. II. Dosis-Wirkungsbeziehungen juvenilhormonaktiver Substanzen. Z. Naturforsch. 24 b, 378–380 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  352. Westphal, V., and B. D. Ashley: Steroid-protein interactions. VI. Stereochemical aspects of interaetion between Δ4-3-ketosteroids and human serum albumin. J. Biol. Chem. 234, 2847–2851 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  353. White, D. F.: Postnatal treatment of the cabbage aphid with a synthetic juvenile hormone. J. Insect Physiol. 14, 901–912 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  354. White, D. F., and K. P. Lamb: Effect of a synthetic juvenile hormone on adult cabbage aphids and their progeny. J. Insect Physiol. 14, 395–402 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  355. Wigglesworth, V. B.: Some methods for assaying extracts of the juvenile hormone in insects. J. Insect Physiol. 2, 73–84 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  356. Wigglesworth, V. B.: Some observations on the juvenile hormone effect of farnesol in Rhodnius prolixus Stal (Hemiptera). J. Insect Physiol. 7, 73–78 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  357. Wigglesworth, V. B.: The juvenile hormone effect of farnesol and some related compounds: quantitative experiments. J. Insect Physiol. 9, 105–119 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  358. Wigglesworth, V. B.: Chemical strueture and juvenile hormone activity: Comparative tests on Rhodnius prolixus. J. Insect Physiol. 15, 73–94 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  359. Wigglesworth, V. B.: Chemical structure and juvenile hormone activity. Nature 221, 190–191 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  360. Wigglesworth, V. B.: Juvenile hormone assays in insects, with special reference to metabolic breakdown. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 13, 163 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  361. Wigglesworth, V. B.: (see reference No. 379 on p. 88).

    Google Scholar 

  362. Wilde, J. de: Diapause in the Colorado beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say as an endocrine deficiency syndrome of the corpora allata. Acta Symp. Evol. Ins., Prague, pp. 226–230 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  363. Wilde, J. de: New elements for integration in pest control schedules. Meded. Rijksfak. Landbouw-Wettenschap. Gent 33, 597–604 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  364. Wilde, J. de: The present status of hormonal insect control. EPPO Bull. 1, 17–23 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  365. Wilde, J. de, C. A. D. de Kort, and A. de Loof: The significance of juvenile hormone titers. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 79–86 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  366. Wilde, J. de, G. B. Staal, C. A. D. de Kort, A. de Loof, and G. Baard: Juvenile hormone titer in the haemolymph as a function of photoperiodie treatment in the adult Colorado beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. Koninkl. Nederl. Akad. Wettenschap. 71, 321–326 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  367. Wilde, J. de, and D. Stegwee: Two major effects of the corpus allatum in the adult Colorado beetle. Arch. Néerl. Zool. 13, 277–289 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  368. Williams, C. M.: The juvenile hormone of insects. Nature 178, 212–213 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  369. Williams, C. M.: The juvenile hormone. I. Endocrine activity of the corpora allata of the adult Cecropia silkworm. Biol. Bull., Woods Hole 116, 323–338 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  370. Williams, C. M.: The juvenile hormone. Proc. 1st Intern. Congr. Endocrin. (Symp. X), pp. 189–191. Copenhagen, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  371. Williams, C. M.: Third generation pesticides. Scientific American 217, 13–17 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  372. Williams, C. M.: Juvenile hormone insecticides. Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma, Quaderno 128, 79–87 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  373. Williams, C. M.: Nervous and hormonal communication in insect development. Develop. Biol. Suppl. 3, 133–150 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  374. Williams, C. M.: Hormonal interactions between plants and insects. Chem. Ecol. 1970, 103–132.

    Google Scholar 

  375. Williams, C. M., and F. C. Kafatos: Theoretical aspects of the action of juvenile hormone. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 44, 151–162 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  376. Williams, C. M., and J. H. Law: The juvenile hormone. IV. Its extraction, assay, and purification. J. Insect Physiol. 11, 569–580 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  377. Williams, C. M., L. V. Moorhead, and J. F. Pulis: Juvenile hormone in thymus, human placenta and other mammalian organs. Nature 183, 405 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  378. Williams, C. M., and W. E. Robbins: Conference on insect-plant interactions. Bio Science 18, 791–799 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  379. Williams, C. M., and K. Sláma: The juvenile hormone. VI. Effects of the “paper factor” on the growth and metamorphosis of the bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus. Biol. Bull. 130, 247–253 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  380. Willis, J. H.: The programming of the differentiation and its control by juvenile hormone in saturniids. J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. 22, 27–44 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  381. Willis, J. H., and P. C. J. Brunet: Hormonal control of colleterial gland secretion. J. Exp. Biol. 44, 363–378 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  382. Willis, J. H., and P. A. Lawrence: Deferred action of juvenile hormone. Nature 225, 81–83 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  383. Wittig, G., and W. Haag: Über Triphenyl-phosphinmethylen als olefinbildende Reagenzien (II. Mitt.). Ber. 88, 1654–1666 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  384. Wright, J. E.: Hormones for control of livestock arthropodes. Development of an assay to select candidate compounds with juvenile hormone activity in the stable fly. J. Econ. Entomol. 63,878–883 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  385. Wright, J. E., and G. E. Spates: Biological evaluation of juvenile hormone compounds against pupae of the stable fly. J. Agr. Food Chem. 19, 289–290 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  386. Wyatt, G. R.: Insect hormones. In: Biochemical actions of hormone 2, 385–490 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  387. Wyss-Huber, M., and M. Lüscher: Influence of juvenile hormone on ovarian protein synthesis in Leucophaea maderae. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 13, 166 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  388. Yamamoto, R. T., and M. Jacobson: Juvenile hormone activity of isomers of farnesol. Nature 196, 908–909 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  389. Zaoral, M., and K. Sláma: Peptides with juvenile hormone activity. Science 170, 92–93 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  390. Žďárek, J., and K. Sláma: Mating activity in adultoids or super-numerary larvae induced by agents with high juvenile hormone activity. J. Insect Physiol. 14, 563–567 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  391. Žďárek, J., and K. Sláma: Supernumerary larval instars in Cyclorhaphous Diptera. Biol. Bull. 142, 350–357 (1972).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  392. Zlotkin, E., and H. Z. Levinson: Influence of Cecropia oil on the epidermis of Tenebrio molitor. J. Insect Physiol. 14, 1719–1723 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  393. Zlotkin, E., and H. Z. Levinson: Influence of Cecropia oil on the cuticle of Tenebrio molitor. J. Insect Physiol. 15, 105–110 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  394. Zurflüh, R., E. N. Wall, J. B. Siddall, and J. A. Edwards: Synthetic studies on insect hormones. VIL An approach to stereospecific synthesis of juvenile hormones. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 90, 6224–6225 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  395. Anonymous: Insect hormone mimics near market. Chem. & Eng. News 49, 33–34 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1974 Springer-Verlag/Wien

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sláma, K., Romaňuk, M., Šorm, F. (1974). The Chemistry and Physiology of Juvenoids. In: Insect Hormones and Bioanalogues. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8331-1_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8331-1_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-8333-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-8331-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics