Abstract
The discovery that there was an intimate relationship between some plant viruses and certain insects was not made in a day. Indeed quite a long period elapsed between the time when suspicion was first aroused that insects had something to do with certain plant diseases and the realization that they injected the causal agent of the disease, whatever that was, into the plant.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
Abbott, E. V. and J. W. Ingram: Transmission of chlotoric streak of sugar cane by the leafhopper, Draeculacephala portola. Phytopathology. 32, 99–100 (1942).
Allard, H. A.: The mosaic disease of tobacco. U. S. Dept. Agric. Bul. 40 (1914).
Amos, J., R. G. Hatton, R. C. Knight and A. M. Massee: Experiments in the transmission of reversion in black currants. Ann. Rep. E. Mailing Res. Sta. 11, 126–150 (1927).
Anderson, C. W.: The insect vector relationship of the filaree red-leaf virus, with special reference to a latent-period difference between nymphs and adults in Macrosiphum geranicola (Lambers). Phytopathology. 41, 699–708 (1951).
Ball, E. D.: The leafhoppers of the sugar beet and their relation to the curly-top condition. U. S. Dept. Agric. Entom. Bul. 66, 33–52 (1909).
Bawden, F. C.: Plant viruses and virus diseases. 3rd ed. Chronica Botanica Co. Waltham. Mass. (1950).
Bawden, F. C., Hamlyn, M. G. Brenda and Marion A. Watson: The distribution of viruses in different leaf tissues and its influence on virus transmission by aphids. Ann. Appl. Biol. 41, 229–239 (1954).
Bawden, F. C. and B. Kassanis: The behaviour of some naturally occurring strains of potato virus Y. Ann. Appl. Biol. 34, 503–515 (1947).
Bennett, C. W.: Plant-tissue relations of the sugar beet curly-top virus. J. Agric. Res. 48, 665–701 (1934).
— Studies on the properties of the curly-top virus. J. Agric. Res. 50, 211–241 (1935).
Bennett, C. W. and H. E. Wallace: Relation of the curly-top virus to the vector, Eutettix tenellus. J. Agric. Res. 56, 31–51 (1938).
Bhargava, K. S.: Some properties of four strains of cucumber mosaic virus. Ann. Appl. Biol. 38, 377–388 (1951).
Black, L. M.: (1) A study of potato yellow dwarf in New York. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Mem. 299 (1937).
— (2) Mechanical transmission of aster-yellows virus to leafhoppers. Phytopathology. 30, 2 (1940).
— (3) Further evidence for multiplication to the aster yellows virus in the aster leafhopper. Phytopathology. 31, 120–135 (1941).
— (4) Genetic variation in the clover leafhopper’s ability to transmit potato yellow dwarf virus. Genetics. 28, 200–209 (1943).
— (5) Some viruses transmitted by Agallian leafhoppers. Am. Phil. Soc. Proc. 88, 132–144 (1944).
— (6) A plant virus that multiplies in its insect vector. Nature, Lond. 166, 852–853 (1950).
— (7) Transmission of plant viruses by Cicadellids. Adv. Vir. Res., Acad. Press. N. Y. 1, 69–85 (1953).
— (8) Loss of vector transmissibility by viruses normally insect-transmitted. Phytopathology. 43, 466 (1953).
— (9) Arthropod transmission of plant viruses. Exp. Parasitol. 3, 72–104 (1954).
Bradley, R. H. E.: Studies on the aphid transmission of a strain of henbane mosaic. Ann. Appl. Biol. 39, 78–97 (1952).
Carter, W.: Transmission of the virus of curly-top of sugar beets through different solutions. Phytopathology. 18, 675–679 (1928).
Clinch, P., J. B. Loughnane and P. A. Murphy: A study of the aucuba or yellow mosaics of the potato. Sc. Proc. roy. Dublin Soc. 21, 431–448 (1936).
Coons, G. H., J. E. Kotila and D. Stewart: Savoy, a virus disease of beet, transmitted by Piesma cinerea. Phytopathology (Abstr.) 27, 125 (1937).
Costa, A. S. and C. W. Bennett: White-fly transmitted mosaic of Euphorbia prunifolia. Phytopathology. 40, 266–283 (1950).
Dale, W. T.: Observations on a virus disease of cowpea in Trinidad. Ann. Appl. Biol. 35, 598–604 (1949).
Day, M. F. and Margaret J. Bennetts: A review of problems of specificity in arthropod vectors of plant and animal viruses. Commonwealth Sci. and Ind. Res. Org. Div. Entom. Canberra (1954).
Day, M. F. and H. Irzykiewicz: On the mechanism of transmission of non-persistent phytopathogenic viruses by aphids. Austr. J. Biol. Sci. 7, 251–273 (1954).
De Fluiter, H. J. and F. A. van der Meer: Rubus stunt, a leafhopper-borne virus disease. Tijdschr. PlZiekt. 59, 195–197 (1953).
Dickson, R. C., M. McDJohnson and E. F. Laird: Leaf crumple, a virus disease of cotton. Phytopathology. 44, 479–480 (1954).
Doncaster, J. P. and B. Kassanis: The shallot aphis, Myzus ascalonicus, Doncaster, and its behaviour as a vector of plant viruses. Ann. Appl. Biol. 33, 66–68 (1946).
Doolittle, S. P.: A new infectious disease of cucumber. Phytopathology. 6, 145–147 (1916).
Doolittle, S. P. and M. N. Walker: Notes on cucurbit mosaic. Phytopathology (Abstr.) 18, 143 (1928).
Elze, D. L.: The dissemination of virus diseases of the potato (Solarium tuberosum L.) by insects (Dutch). Inst. voor Phytopath. Lab. voor mycol. en Aardappelonderzoek Meded. 32 (1927).
Flock, R. A. and J. M. Wallace: Transmission of fig mosaic by the Eriophyid mite, Aceria ficus. Phytopathology. 45, 52–54 (1955).
Freitag, J. H.: Insect transmission, host range and properties of squash mosaic virus. Phytopathology. 31, 8 (1941).
Fukushi, T.: Transmission of a virus through the eggs of an insect vector. Proc. Imp. Acad. Japan. 9, 451–460 (1933).
Goss, R. W.: Transmission of potato spindle tuber by grasshoppers (Locustidae). Phytopathology. 18, 445–448 (1928).
Heinze, K.: Die Überträger pflanzlicher Viruskrankheiten. Biol. Zent. Anst. Berl. 71, 1–126 (1951).
Heinze, K. und L. Kunze: Die europäische Asterngelbsucht und ihre Übertragung durch Zwergzikaden. Nachr. Bl. dtsch. PflSchDienst, Berl. 10, 161–164 (1955).
Hoggan, I. A.: (1) Further studies on aphid transmission of plant viruses. Phytopathology. 21, 199–212 (1931).
— (2) Some factors involved in aphid transmission of the cucumber mosaic virus to tobacco. J. Agr. Res. 47, 689–704 (1933).
Houston, B. R., Katherine Esau and W. B. Hewitt: The mode of vector feeding and the tissues involved in the transmission of Pierce’s disease virus in grape and alfalfa. Phytopathology. 37, 247–253 (1947).
Jagger, I. E.: Experiments with the cucumber mosaic disease. Phytopathology. 6, 148–151 (1916).
Jensen, D. D.: Virus diseases of plants and their insect vectors with special reference to Hawaii. Proc. Hawaiian Entom. Soc. 12, 535–610 (1946).
Kassanis, B.: Some factors affecting the transmission of leaf-roll virus by aphids. Ann. Appl. Biol. 39, 157–167 (1952).
Kaufmann, O.: Eine gefährliche Viruskrankheit an Rüben, Raps und Kohlrüben. Arb. biol. Reichsanst., Berlin 21, 605–623 (1936).
Kirkpatrick, H. C. and A. F. Ross: Aphid transmission of potato leaf roll virus to Solanaceous species. Phytopathology. 42, 540–546 (1952).
Klostermeyer, E. C.: Entomological aspects of the potato leaf-roll problem in central Washington. Washington Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bul. 9, 1–42 (1953).
Kreutzberg, V. E.: A new virus disease of Pistacia vera L. (in Russian). C. R. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. (n. s.) 27, 614–617 (1940).
Kunkel, L. O.: (1) Studies on Aster Yellows. Amer. J. Bot. 13, 646–705 (1926).
— (2) Insect transmission of peach yellows. Contrib. Boyce Thomps. Inst. 5, 19–28 (1933).
— (3) Effect of heat on ability of Cicadula sexnotata to transmit aster yellows. Am. J. Bot. 24, 316–327 (1937).
— (4) Studies on a new corn virus disease. Arch. ges. Virusforsch. 4, 24–46 (1948).
Kunkel, L. O.: (5) Cross protection between Strains of Yellows-type Viruses. In Adv. Virus Res. III. 251–273 (1955).
Kvičala, B.: Selective power in virus transmission exhibited by an aphis. Nature, Lond. 155, 174–175 (1945).
Littau, V. C. and K. Maramorosch: Cytological effects of aster yellows virus on its insect vector. Virology. 2, 128–130 (1956).
Loughnane, J. B.: Aphis rhamni, Boyer; its occurrence in Ireland and its efficiency as a vector of potato viruses. J. Dept. Agric. Eire. 40, 291 (1943).
Manns, T. F.: Peach yellows and little peach; the cause, means of dissemination and control. Bull. Del. Agric. Exp. Sta. 220, 33–34 (1939).
Maramorosch, K.: (1) Influence of temperature on incubation and transmission of the wound-tumour virus. Phytopathology. 40, 1071–1093 (1950).
— (2) Mechanical transmission of corn stunt virus to an insect vector. Phytopathology (Abstr.) 41, 658 (1951).
— (3) Direct evidence for the multiplication of aster-yellows virus in its insect vector. Phytopathology. 42, 59–64. (1952).
— (4) A new leafhopper borne plant disease from Western Europe. Plant Dis. Reptr. 37, 612–613 (1953).
— (5) Multiplication of plant viruses in insect vectors. In Adv. Vir. Res., Acad. Press. N. Y 3, 221–248 (1955).
— (6) Studies on multiplication of aster yellows virus in tissue cultures of insect vectors. Phytopathology (Abstr.) 46, 20 (1956).
Markham, R. and Kenneth M. Smith: Studies on the virus of turnip yellow mosaic. Parasitology. 39, 330–342 (1949).
Massee, A. M.: Transmission of reversion of black currants. Ann. Rept. E. Mall. Res. Sta. (1951), 162-165 (1952).
McClintock, J. A. and L. B. Smith: True nature of spinach blight and relation of insects to its transmission. J. Agric. Res. 14, 1–9 (1918).
McLean, D. M.: Studies on mosaic of cowpea, Vigna sinensis. Phytopathology. 31, 420–430 (1941).
Merrill, H. M. and C. TenBroeck: Multiplication of equine encephalomyelitis virus in mosquitoes. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. N. Y. 32, 421–423 (1934).
Nitsche, G. and H. Forster: Rübenblattwanze. Mitt. biol. Reichsanst. 65, 98–99 (1941).
Orlando, A. and K. Silberschmidt: Estudos sôbre a disseminacao natural do virus dá clorose infecciosá das Malváceas (Abutilon virus 1. Baur) e a sua relaçáo com o insetovetor, Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Arqu. inst. biol., Sao Paulo 17, 1–36 (1946).
Osborn, H. T.: Incubation period of pea virus I in the aphid Macrosiphum solanifolii (M. gei). Phytopathology. 28, 749–754 (1938).
Paine, J. and J. T. Legg: Transmission of hop mosaic by Phorodon humuli (Schrank). Nature Lond. 171, 263 (1953).
Posnette, A. F.: Virus diseases of cacao in West Africa VII. Virus transmission by different vector species. Ann. Appl. Biol. 37, 378–384 (1950).
Posnette, A. F. and A. H. Strickland: Virus diseases of cacao in West Africa III. Technique of insect transmission. Ann. Appl. Biol. 35, 53–63 (1948).
Samuel, G., J. G. Bald and H. A. Pittman: Investigation on spotted wilt of tomatoes. Bull. Counc. Sci. Ind. Res. Austr. 44 (1930).
Severin, H. P. P.: Newly discovered leafhopper vectors of California aster-yellows virus. Hilgardia. 17, 511–543 (1947).
Shaw, H. B.: The curly-top of beets. U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Ind. Bul. 181 (1910).
Slykhuis, J. T.: Aceria tulipae Keifer (Acarina, Eriophyidae) in relation to the spread of wheat streak mosaic. Phytopathology. 45, 116–128 (1955).
Smith, C. E.: Transmission of cowpea mosaic by bean-leaf beetle. Science. 60, 268 (1924).
Smith, F. F., and F. W. Poos: The feeding habits of some leafhoppers of the genus Empoasca. J. Agric. Res. 43, 267–285 (1931).
Smith, Kenneth M.: (1) A comparative study of the feeding methods of certain Hemiptera and of the resulting effects upon the plant tissue, with special reference to the potato plant. Ann. Appl. Biol. 13, 109–139 (1926).
— (2) Insect transmission of potato leaf-roll. Ann. Appl. Biol. 16, 209–228 (1929).
— (3) Virus diseases of plants and their relationship with insect vectors. Biol. Rev. 6, 302–344 (1931).
— (4) Some further experiments on the insect transmission of potato leaf-roll. Ann. Appl. Biol. 18, 141–156 (1931).
— (5) On the composite nature of certain potato virus diseases of the mosaic group as revealed by the use of plant indicators and selective methods of transmission. Proc. Roy. Soc. B. 109, 251–267 (1931).
— (6) Further experiments with a ringspot virus; its identification with spotted wilt of the tomato. Ann. Appl. Biol. 19, 305–330 (1932).
— (7) Some notes on the relationship of plant viruses with vector and non-vector insects. Parasitology. 33, 110–116 (1941).
— (8) The transmission of a plant virus complex by aphids. Parasitology. 37, 131–134 (1946).
— (9) A virus disease of cocksfoot. Plant Path. 1, 118 (1952).
Smith, Kenneth M. and D. E. Lea: The transmission of plant viruses by aphids. Parasitology. 37, 25–37 (1946).
Smith, Kenneth M. and R. Markham: An insect vector of the turnip yellow mosaic virus. Nature. Lond. 158, 417 (1946).
Smith, R. E. and P. A. Boncquet: New light on curly-top of sugar beet. Phytopathology. 5, 103–107 (1915).
Storey, H. H.: (1) The inheritance by an insect vector of the ability to transmit a plant virus. Proc. roy. Soc. B. 112, 46–60 (1932).
— (2) Investigations of the mechanism of the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors I. Proc. roy. Soc. B. 113, 463–485 (1933).
— (3) Investigations of the mechanism of the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors II. The part played by puncture in transmission. Proc. roy. Soc. B. 125, 455–477 (1938).
— (4) Transmission of plant viruses by insects. Bot. Rev. 5, 240–272 (1939).
— (5) Investigations of the mechanism of the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors III. The insect’s saliva. Proc. roy. Soc. B. 127, 526–543 (1939).
Storey, H. H. and R. F. W. Nichols: Studies of the mosaic diseases of cassava. Ann. Appl. Biol. 25, 790–806 (1938).
Stubbs, L. L.: Strains of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) active and inactive with respect to virus transmission. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 8, 68–74 (1955).
Sukhov, K. S.: Salivary secret of the aphid, Myzus persicae, Sulz., and its ability to form a filtering apparatus (in Russian). Compt. rend. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 42, 226–228 (1944).
Sylvester, E. S.: (1) Influence of fasting in the transmission of the beet mosaic virus by the green peach aphid. Phytopathology. 37, 528 (1947).
— (2) Beet mosaic virus — green peach aphid relationships. Phytopathology. 39, 417–424 (1949).
— (3) Transmission of sugar beet yellow-net virus by the green peach aphid. Phytopathology. 39, 117–132 (1949).
— (4) Comparative transmission of beet mosaic virus by four aphid species. Phytopathology. 42, 252–254 (1952).
— (5) Brassica nigra virus transmission, some vector-virus-host plant relationships. Phytopathology. 43, 209–214 (1953).
Sylvester, E. S. and J. N. Simons: Relation of plant species inoculated to efficiency of aphids in the transmission of Brassica nigra virus. Phytopathology. 41, 908–910 (1951).
Turner, W. F.: (1) Insect vectors of phony peach disease. Science 109, 87–88 (1949).
— (2) Insect-transmitted plant diseases: a symposium. Plant. Dis. Reptr. Suppl. 211, 35–55 (1952).
Walters, H. J.: (1) Grasshopper transmission of three plant viruses. Science 113, 36–37 (1951).
— (2) Some relationships of three plant viruses to the differential grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis (Thos.) Phytopathology. 42, 355–362 (1952).
Watson, M. A.: (1) Factors affecting the amount of infection obtained by aphis transmission of the virus Hy. III. Philos. Trans. B. 226, 457–489 (1936).
— (2) Further studies on the relationship between Hyoscyamus Virus 3, and the aphis Myzus persicae (Sulz.) with special reference to the effects of fasting. Proc. roy. Soc. B. 125, 144–170 (1938).
— (3) The transmission of beet mosaic and beet yellows virus by aphides; a comparative study of a non-persistent and a persistent virus having host plants and vectors in common. Proc. roy. Soc. B. 133, 200–219 (1946).
Watson, M. A. and F. M. Roberts: (1) A comparative study of the transmission of Hyoscyamus Virus 3, potato virus Y and Cucumber Virus 1 by the vectors Myzus persicae (Sulz.), M. circumflexus (Buckt.) and Macrosiphum get (Koch). Proc. roy. Soc. B. 127, 543–576 (1939).
— (2) Evidence against the hypothesis that certain plant viruses are transmitted mechanically by aphids. Ann. Appl. Biol. 27, 227–233 (1940).
Wolfe, H. R., E. W. Anthon and L. S. Jones: Transmission of western X-disease of peaches by the leafhopper, Colladonus geminatus (Van D.). Phytopathology (Abstr.) 40, 971 (1950).
Xeros, N.: Nature. Lond. 178, 412–413 (1956).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1958 Springer-Verlag Wien
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Smith, K.M. (1958). Arthropods as Vectors and Reservoirs of Phytopathogenic Viruses. In: Hallauer, C., Meyer, K.F. (eds) Handbuch der Virusforschung. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7885-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7885-0_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-7886-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-7885-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive