Abstract
Increased yield and quality improvement of harvested tissues or organs of economically important crop plants are two major goals of plant breeders. Crop yield is determined by multiple genetic and environmental factors, among these selective increase in partitioning of photoassimilates to harvested tissues or organs is of major importance (Gifford et al., 1984). Over the past few decades the yield of major crop plants has been improved substantially. However, further improvements can be made to achieve the genetic yield potential of major crop plants (Gifford et al., 1984; Thorne, 1985; Knight and Langston-Unkefer, 1988). Improvement in grain quality, composition and the relative distribution of storage compounds have also received increased attention over the last few years. Although conventional breeding practices will continue to play a vital role in crop improvement, plant metabolic engineering through biotechnology has the great potential of producing future crops with better quality and higher yield.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alex LA, Simon MI (1994) Protein histidine kinases and signal transduction in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Trends Genet 10: 133–138
Albright LM, Huala E, Ausubel FM (1989) Prokaryotic signal transduction mediated by sensor and regulator protein pairs. Annu Rev Genet 23: 311–336
Alderson A, Sabelli PA, Dickinson R, Cole D, Richardson M, Kreis M, Shewary PR, Halford NG (1991) Complementation of snfl, a mutation affecting global regulation of carbon metabolism in yeast, by a plant protein kinase cdna. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 8602–8605
Allen FJ (1992) How does protein phosphorylation regulate photosynthesis? Trends Biochem Sci 17: 12–17
Angell S, Lewis CG, Buttner MJ, Bibb MJ (1994) Glucose repression in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2): a likely regulatory role for glucose kinase. Mol Gen Genet 244: 135–143
Bakrim N, Echevarria C, Cretin C, Arrio-Dupont M, Pierre N, Vidal J, Chollet R, Gadal P (1992) Regulatory phosphorylation of Sorghum leaf phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase: identification of the protein-serine kinase and some elements of the signal-transducing cascade. Eur J Biochem 204: 821–830
Bate NJ, Orr J, Ni W, Meromi A, Nadler-Hassar T, Doerner PW, Dixon RA, Lamb CJ, Elkind Y (1994) Quantitive relationship between phenylalanine ammonialyse levels and phenyl-propanoid accumulation in transgenic tobacco identifies a rate-determining step in natural product synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 7608–7612
Blumer KJ, Johnson GL (1994) Diversity in function and regulation of map kinase pathway. Trends Biochem Sci 19: 236–240
Broek D, Toda T, Michaeli T, Levin L, Birchmeier C, Zoller M, Powers S, Wigler M (1987) The S. cerevisiae CDC25 gene product regulates the RAS/adenylate cyclase pathway. Cell 48: 789–799
Budde RJA, Chollet R (1988) Regulation of enzyme activity in plants by reversible phosphorylation. Physiol Plant 72: 435–439
Bush DR (1993) Proton-coupled sugar and amino acid transporters in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 44: 513–542
Carling D, Aguan K, Woods A, Verhoeven AJM, Beri RK, Brennan CH, Sidebottom C, Davison MD, Scott J (1994) Mammalian amp-activated protein kinase is homologous to yeast and plant protein kinases involved in the regulation of carbon metabolism. J Biol Chem 269: 11442–11448
Carlson M, Osmond BC, Neigeborn L, Botstein D (1984) A suppressor of snfl mutations causes constitutive high-level invertase synthesis in yeast. Genetics 107: 19–32
Celenza JL, Carlson M (1986) A yeast gene that is essential for release from glucose encodes a protein kinase. Science 233: 1175–1180
Celenza JL, Eng FJ, Carlson M (1989) Molecular analysis of the SNF4 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: evidence for physical association of the SNF4 protein with the SNF1 protein kinase. Mol Cell Biol 9: 5045–5045
Champigny M-L, Foyer C (1992) Nitrate activation of cytosolic protein kinases diverts photo-synthetic carbon from sucrose to amino acid biosynthesis. Plant Physiol 100: 7–12
Chang C, Kwok SF, Bleecker AB, Meyerowitz EM (1993) Arabidopsis ethylene-reseponse gene ETR1: similarity of product to two-component regulators. Science 262: 539–544
Cheng C-L, Acedo GN, Christin M, Conkling MA (1992) Sucrose mimics the light induction of Arabidopsis nitrate reductase gene transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 1861–1864
Choi K-Y, Satterberg B, Lyons DM, Elion EA (1994) Ste5 tethers multiple protein kinases in the MAP kinase cascade required for mating in S. cerevisiae. Cell 78: 499–512
Chourey RS, Taliercio EW (1994) Epistatic interaction and functional compensation between the two tissue-and cell-specific sucrose synthase genes in maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:7917–7921
Costigan C, Snydern M (1994) SLK1, a yeast homolog of MAP kinase activators, has a RAS/cAMP-independent role in nutrient sensing. Mol Gen Genet 243: 286–296
Criqui MC, Durr A, Parmentier Y, Marrach J, Fleck J, Jamet E (1992) How are photosynthetic genes repressed in freshly isolated mesophyll protoplasts of Nicotiana sylvestrisl? Plant Physiol Biochem 30: 597–601
D’Amico L, Valsasina B, Daminati G, Fabbrini S, Nitti G, Bollini R, Ceriotti A, Vitale A (1992) Bean homologs of the mammalian glucose-regulated proteins: induction by tuni-camycin and interaction with newly synthesized seed storage proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. Plant J 2: 443: 455
Davies SP, Carling D, Mundy MR, Hardie DG (1992) Diurnal rhythm of phosphorylation of rat liver acetyl-CoA carboxylase by the AMP-activated protein kinase, demonstrated using freeze-clamping. Eur J Biochem 203: 615–623
Delauney AJ, Verma DPS (1990) A soybean gene encoding Al-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase was isolated by functional complementation in Escherichia coli and is found to be osmoregulated. Mol Gen Genet 221: 299–305
Delauney AJ, Verma DPS (1993) Proline biosynthesis and osmoregulation in plants. Plant J 4: 215–223
Delauney AJ, Hu C-A, Kavi Kishor PB, Verma DPS (1993) Ornithine amintransferase and proline biosynthesis in Vigna aconitifolia. J Biol Chem 268: 18673–18678
Dilworth M, Glenn A (1984) How does a legume nodule work? Trends Biochem Sci 9: 519–523
Duerr B, Gawienowski M, Ropp T, Jacob T (1993) MsERK1: a mitogen-activated protein kinase from a flowering plant. Plant Cell 5: 87–96
Entian KD, Hilberg F, Opitz H, Mecke D (1985) Cloning of hexokinase structural genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants with regulatory mutations responsible for glucose repression. Mol Cell Biol 5: 3035–3040
Errede B, Levin DE (1993) A conserved kinase cascade for map kinase activation in yeast. Curr Opin Cell Biol 5: 254–260
Faure J-D, Jullien M, Caboche M (1994) Zea3: a pleiotropic mutation affecting cotyledon development, cytokinin resistance and carbon-nitrogen metabolism. Plant J 5: 481–491
Fisher SH, Sonenshein AL (1991) Control of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in Bacillus subtilis. Annu Rev Microbiol 45: 107–135
Frommer WB, Hummel S, Riesmeier JW (1993) Expression cloning in yeast of a cdna encoding a broad specificity amino acid permease from Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 5944–5948
Fu YH, Marzluf GA (1987) Molecular cloning and analysis of the regulation of nit-3, the structural gene for nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 8243–8247
Fu YH, Marzluf GA (1990a)Nit-2, the major positive acting nitrogen regulatory gene of Neurospora crassa, encodes a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 5331–5335
Fu YH, Marzluf GA (1990b)Nit-2, the major nitrogen regulatory gene of Neurospora crassa, encodes a protein with a putative zinc finger dna-binding domain. Mol Cell Biol 10: 1056–1065
Gancedo JM (1992) Carbon catabolite repression in yeast. Eur J Biochem 206: 297–313
Gaston K, Bell A, Kolb A, Buc H, Busby S (1990) Stingent spacing requirements for transcription activation by CRP. Cell 62: 733–743
Giaquinta RT (1983) Phloem loading of sucrose. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 34: 347–387
Gifford RM, Thorne JH, Hitz WD, Giaquinta RT (1984) Crop productivity and photoassimilate partitioning. Science 225: 801–808
Gilman AG (1984) Proteins and dual control of adenylate cyclase. Cell 36: 577–579.
Gornicki P, Podkowinski L, Scappino LA, DiMaio J, Ward E, Haselkorn R (1994) Wheat acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase: cDNA and protein structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 6860–6864
Graham IA, Leaver CJ, Smith SM (1992) Induction of malate synthase gene expression in senescent and detached organs of cucumber. Plant Cell 4: 349–357
Graham IA, Denby KJ, Leaver CJ (1994) Carbon catabolite repression regulates glyoxylate cycle gene expression in cucumber. Plant Cell 6: 761–772
Ha J, Daniel S, Broyles SS, Kim K-H (1994) Critical phosphorylation sites for acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity. J Biol Chem 269: 22162–22168
Halford NG, Man AL, Barker JHA, Monger W, Shewry PR, Smith A, Purcell PC (1994) Investigating the role of plant SNF1-related protein kinases. Biochem Soc Trans 22: 953–957
Halford NG, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Sabelli PA, Shewry PR, Hannappel U, Kreis M (1992) Molecular analyses of a barley multigene family homologous to the yeast protein kinase gene SNFL. Plant J 2: 791–797
Harwood JL (1988) Fatty acid metabolism. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 39: 101–138
Heineke DU, Sonnewald D, Bussis G, Gunter K, Leidreiter I, Wilke K, Raschke L, Willmitzer, Heldt H W (1992) Apoplastic expression of yeast-derived invertase in potato: effects on photosynthesis, leaf solute composition, water relations, and tuber composition. Plant Physiol 100: 301–308
Hirel B, Miao G-H, Verma DPS (1993) Metabolic and developmental control of glutamine synthetase genes in legume and non-legume plants. In: Verma DPS (ed) Control of plant gene expression. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 443–458
Hope IA, Struhl K (1985) GCN4 protein, synthesized in vitro, binds HIS3 regulatory sequences: implication for general control of amino acid biosynthetic genes in yeast. Cell 43: 177–188
Hrazdina G, Jensen RA (1992) Spatial organization of enzymes in plant metabolic pathways. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 43: 241–267
Hu C-A, Delauney AJ, Verma DPS (1992) A bifunctional enzyme (Al-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase) catalyzes the first two steps in proline biosynthesis in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 9354–9358
Huber JLA, Huber SC, Nielsen TH (1989) Protein phosphorylation as a mechanism for regulation of spinach leaf sucrose-phosphate synthase activity. Arch Biochem Biophys 270: 681–690
Huber JL, Huber SC, Campbell WH, Redinbaugh MG (1992) Reversible light/dark modulation of spinach leaf nitrate reductase activity involves protein phosphorylation. Arch Biochem Biophys 296: 58–65
Huber SC, Huber JL (1992) Role of sucrose-phosphate synthase in sucrose metabolism in leaves. Plant Physiol 99: 1275–1278
Huber SC, Kaiser WM (1996) Regulation of C/N interaction in higher plants by protein phosphorylation. In: Verma DPS (ed) Signal transduction in plant growth and development. Springer, Wien New York, pp 87–112 [Dennis ES etal (eds) Plant gene research. Basic knowledge and application]
Huppe HC, Turpin DH (1994) Interaction of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in plant and algal cells. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 45: 577–607
Jang J-C, Sheen J (1994) Sugar sensing and signal transduction in higher plants. In: 4th International Congress of Plant Molecular Biology, June 19–24,1994, abstract 1329
Jiao J-A, Chollet R (1989) Regulation seryl-phosphorylation of C4 phosphoerao/pyruvate carboxylase by a soluble protein kinase from maize leaves. Arch Biochem Biophys 269: 526–535
Joung JK, Koepp DM, Hochschild A (1994) Synergistic activation of transcription by bacteriophage-λ cl protein and E. coli cAMP receptor protein. Science 265: 1863–1866
Karrer EE, Rodriguez RL (1992) Metabolic regulation of rice a-amylase and sucrose synthase gene in planta. Plant J 2: 517–523
Kavi Kishor PB, Hong Z, Miao G-H, Hu C-A, Verma DPS (1995) Overexpression Al-pyrro-line-5-carboxylate reductase increases proline production and helps maintain osmotic potential in transgenic plants during water stress. Plant Physiol 108: 1387–1394
Kieber JJ, Rothenberg M, Roman G, Feldmann KA, Ecker JR (1993)CTR1, a negative regulator of the ethylene response pathway in Arabidopsis, encodes a member of the Raf family of protein kinases. Cell 72: 427–441
Kim K-H, Lopez-Casillas F, Bai D-H (1989) Role of reversible phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in long-chain fatty acid synthesis. FASEB J 3: 2250–2256
Kindle KL (1987) Expression of a gene for a light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii:952 effect of light and acetate. Plant Mol Biol 9: 547–563
Kishore GM, Somerville CR (1993) Genetic engineering of commercially useful biosynthetic pathways in transgenic plants. Curr Opin Biotechnol 4: 152–158
Knight JS, Gray JC (1994) Expression of genes encoding the tobacco chloroplast phosphate translocator is not light-regulated and is repressed by sucrose. Mol Gen Genet 242: 586–594
Knight TJ, Langston-Unkefer PJ (1988) Enhancement of symbiotic dinitrogen fixation by a toxin-releasing plant pathogen. Science 241: 951–954
Koch KE, Nolte KD, Duke ER, McCarty DR, Avigne WT (1992) Sugar levels modulate differential expression of maize sucrose synthase genes. Plant Cell 4: 59–69
Kornberg HL, Beevers H (1957) The glyoxylate cycle as a stage in the conversion of fat to carbohydrate in castor beans. Biochim Biophys Acta 26: 531–537
Konishi T, Sasaki Y (1994) Compartmentalization of two forms of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in plants and the origin of their tolerance toward herbicides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 3598–3601
Krapp A, Hofmann B, Schafer C, Stitt M (1993) Regulation of the expression of rbcS and other photosynthetic genes by carbohydrates: a mechanism for the sink regulation of photosynthesis? Plant J 3: 817–828
LaBrie ST, Crawford NM (1994) A glycine to aspartic acid change in the MoCo domain of nitrate reductase reduces both activity and phosphorylation levels in Arabidopsis. J Biol Chem 269: 14497–14501
Le Guen L, Thomas M, Bianchi M, Halford NG, Kreis M (1992) Structure and expression of a gene from Arabidopsis thaliana encoding a protein related to SNF1 protein kinase. Gene 120: 249–254
Ma H, Bloom LM, Walsh CT, Botstein D (1989) The residual enzymatic phosphorylation activ-ity of hexokinase II mutants is correlated with glucose repression in Saccharomyces cere-visiae. Mol Cell Biol 9: 5643–5649
Maas C, Schaal S, Werr W (1990) A feedback control element near the transcription start site of the maize Shrunken gene determines promoter activity. EMBO J 9: 3447–3452
MacKintosh RW, Davies SP, Clarke PR, Weekes J, Gillespie JG, Gibb BJ, Hardie DG (1992) Evidence for a protein kinase cascade in higher plants. Eur J Biochem 209: 923–931
Maeda T, Wurgler-Murphy SM, Saito H (1994) A two-component system that regulates an osmosensing MAP kinase cascade in yeast. Nature 369: 242–245
Magasannik B, Neidhardt FC (1987) Regulation of carbon and nitrogen utilization. In: Ingraham JL, Law KB, Magasanik B, Schaechter M, Umbarger HE (eds) Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium: cellular and molecular biology, vol 2. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC, pp 1318–1325
Malone RE (1990) Dual regulation of meiosis in yeast. Cell 61: 375–378
Marcus S, Polverino A, Barr M, Wigler M (1994) Complexes between STE5 and components of the pheromone-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase module. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 7762–7766
Marzluf GA (1993) Regulation of sulfur and nitrogen metabolism in filamentous fungi. Annu Rev Microbiol 47: 31–55
Miao G-H, Hong Z, Verma DPS (1993) Two functional soybean genes encoding p34cdc2 protein kinases are regulated by different plant developmental pathways. Proc Natl Sci USA 90: 943–947
Mitchelhill KL, Stapleton D, Gao G, House C, Michell B, Katsis F, Witters LA, Kemp BE (1994) Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase shares structural and functional homology with the catalytic domain of yeast SNF1 protein kinase. J Biol Chem 269: 2361–2364
Mizoguchi T, Gotoh Y, Nishida E, Yamaguchi-Schinozaki K, Hayashida N, Iwasaki T, Kamada H, Shinozaki K (1994) Characterization of two cDNAs that encode map kinase homologues in Arabidopsis thaliana and analysis of the possible role of auxin in activating such kinase activities in cultured cells. Plant J5: 111–122
Monroy AF, Schwartzbach SD (1984) Catabolite repression of chloroplast development in Euglena. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81: 2786–2790
Muller-Ruber B, Sonnewald U, Willmitzer L (1992) Inhibition of the ADP-glucose pyrophos-phorylase in transgenic potatoes leads to sugar-sorting tubers and influences tuber formation and expression of tuber storage protein genes. EMBL J 11: 1229–1238
Muranaka T, Banno H, Machida Y (1994) Characterization of tobacco protein kinase NPK5, a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SNF1 that constitutively activates expression of the glucose-repressible SUC2 gene for a secreted invertase of S. cerrevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 14: 2958–2965
Ninnemann O, Jauniaux J-C, Frommer WB (1994) Identification of a high affinity NH+ transporter from plants. EMBO J 13: 3464–3471
Ota I, Varshavsky A (1993) A yeast protein similar to bacterial two-component regulators. Science 262: 566–569
Parkinson JS, Kofoid EC (1992) Communication modules in bacterial signaling proteins. Annu Rev Genet 26: 71–112
Plumley FG, Schmidt GW (1989) Nitrogen-dependent regulation of photosynthetic gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 2678–2682
Post-Beittenmiller D, Roughan PG, Ohlrogge JB (1992) Regulation of plant fatty acid biosynthesis: analysis of actyl-CoA and acyl-acp substrate pools in spanish and pea chloroplasts. Plant Physiol 100: 923–930
Preiss J (1991) Biology and molecular biology of starch synthesis and its regulation. Oxford Surv Plant Mol Cell Biol 7: 59–114
Ranjeva R Boudet AM (1987) Phosphorylation of proteins in plants: regulatory effects and potential involvement in stimulus/response coupling. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 38: 73–93
Ren YL, Garges S, Adhya S, Krakow JS (1988) Cooperative dna binding of heterologous proteins: evidence for contact between the cyclic amp receptor protein and rna polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 4138–4142
Riesmeier JW, Willmitzer L, Frommer WB (1992) Isolation and characterization of a sucrose carrier cdna from spinach by functional expression in yeast. EMBO J 11: 4705–4713
Riesmeier JW, Flügge UI, Schulz B, Heineke D, Heidt HW, Willmitzer L, Frommer WB (1993a) Antisense repression of the chloroplast triose phosphate translocator affects carbon partitioning in transgenic potato plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 6160–6164
Riesmeier JW, Hirner B, Frommer WB (1993b) Potato sucrose transporter expression in minor veins indicates a role in phloem loading. Plant Cell 5: 1591–1598
Roesler KR, Shorrosh BS, Ohlrogge JB (1994) Structure and expression of an Arabidopsis acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase gene. Plant Physiol 105: 611–617
Saier MH (1991) A multiplicity of potential carbon catabolite repression mechanisms in prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. New Biol 3: 1137–1147
Sano H, Youssefian S (1994) Light and nutritional regulation of transcripts encoding a wheat protein kinase homolog is mediated by cytokinins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 2582–2586
Schachtman DP, Schroeder JI (1994) Structure and transport mechanism of a high-affinity potassium uptake transporter from higher plants. Nature 370: 655–658
Schachtman DP, Schroeder JI, Lucas WJ, Anderson JA, Gaber RF (1992) Expression of an inward-rectifying potassium channel by the Arabidopsis KAT 1 cDNA. Science 258: 1654–1658
Schulz B, Frommer WE, Flügge UI, Hummel S, Fisher K, Willmitzer L (1993) Expression of the triose phosphate translocator gene from potato is light dependent and restricted to green tissues. Mol Gen Genet 238: 357–361
Sheen J (1990) Metabolic repression of transcription in higher plants. Plant Cell 2: 2107–1038
Sheen J (1993) Protein phosphatase activity is required for light-inducible gene expression in maize. EMBO J 12: 3497–3505
Shintani DK, Ohlrogg JB (1993) Feedback regulation of fatty acid synthesis in tobacco cell suspension cultures. Plant Physiol 102: S-11
Shorrosh BS, Dixon RA, Ohlrogge JB (1994) Molecular cloning, characterization, and elicitation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase from alfalfa. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 4323–4327
Sonnewald U, Willmitzer L (1992) Molecular approach to sink-source interactions. Plant Physiol 99: 1267–1270
Sonnewald U, Brauer M, Von Schaewen A, Stitt M, Willmitzer L (1991) Transgenic tobacco plants expressing yeast-derived invertase either in the cytosol, vacuole or apoplast: a powerful tool for studying sucrose metabolism and sink/source interactions. Plant J 1: 95–106
Srere PA (1987) Complexes of sequential metabolic enzymes. Annu Rev Biochem 56: 21–56
Stark DM, Timmerman KP, Barry GF, Preiss J, Kishore GM (1992) Regulation of the amount of starch in plant tissues by adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Science 258: 287–292
Stephanopoulos G, Vallino JJ (1991) Network rigidity and metabolic engineering in metabolite overproduction. Science 252: 1675–1681
Stitt M (1990) Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as a regulatory metabolite in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 42: 153–185
Stock JB, Ninfa AJ, Stock AM (1989) Protein phosphorylation and regulation of adaptive responses in bacteria. Microbial Rev 53: 450–490
Szoke A, Miao G-H, Hong Z, Verma DPSV (1992) Subcellular localization of Al-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase in root/nodule and leaf of soybean. Plant Physiol 99: 1642–1649
Tarczynski MC, Jensen RG, Bohnert HJ (1993) Stress protection of transgenic tobacco by production of the osmolyte mannitol. Science 259: 508–510
Thomas BR, Rodriguez (1994) Metabolite signals regulate gene expression and source/sink relations in cereal seedlings. Plant Physiol 106: 1235–1239
Thompson-Jaeger S, Francis J, Gaughran JP, Tatchell K (1991) Deletion of SNF1 affects the nutrient response of yeast and resembles mutations which activate the adenylate cyclase pathway. Genetics 129: 697–706
Thorne JH (1985) Phloem unloading of C and N assimilates in developing seeds. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 36:317–343
Tsay Y-F, Schroeder JI, Feldmann KA, Crawford NM (1993) The herbicide sensitivity gene CHL1 of Arabidopsis encodes a nitrate-inducible nitrate transporter. Cell 72: 705–713
Trumbly RJ (1992) Glucose repression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Microbiol 6: 15–21
Yu S-M, Kuo Y-H, Sheu G, Liu L-F (1991) Metabolic depression of a-amylase gene expression in suspension-cultured cells of rice. J Biol Chem 266: 21131–21137
Vance CP, Heichel GH (1991) Carbon in N2 fixation: limitation or exquisite adaptation. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mole Biol 42: 373–392
Van Quy L, Foyer C, Champigny ML (1991) Effect of light and nitrate on wheat leaf phospho-eno/pyruvate carboxylase and sucrose synthase proteins in wheat leaves. Plant Physiol 99: 344–347
Vincentz M, Moureaux T, Ley decker M-T, Vauchere H, Caboche (1993) Regulation of nitrate and nitrite reductase expression in Nicotiana plumbaginfalia leaves by nitrogen and carbon metabolites. Plant J 3: 315–324
Voelker TA, Worrell AC, Anderson L, Bleibaum J, Fan C, Hawkins DJ, Radke SE, Davies HM (1992) Fatty acid biosynthesis redirected to medium chains in transgenic oilseed plants. Science 257: 72–74
Von Schaewen A, Stitt M, Schmidt R, Sonnewald U, Willmitzer L (1990) Expression of yeast-derived invertase in the cell wall of tocacco and Arabidopsis plants leads to inhibition of sucrose export, accumulation of carbohydrate, and inhibition of photosynthesis, and strongly influences the growth and habitus of transgenic tobacco. EMBO J 9: 3033–3044
Willmitzer L, Topfer R (1992) Manipulation of oil, starch and protein composition. Curr Opin Biotechnol 3: 176–180
Wilson RF, Kwanyuen P, Dewey RE, Settlage SB (1992) Recent developments in the molecular biochemistry and genetics of diacylglycerol acyltransferase from soybean. In: Mackenzie SL, Taylor DC (eds) Seed oils for the future. American Oil Chemists’ Society, Champaign, IL, pp 116–135
Woods A, Munday MR, Scott J, Yang X, Carlson M, Carling D (1994) Yeast SNF1 is functionally related to mammalian amp-activated protein kinase and regulates acetyl-C carboxylase in vivo. J Biol Chem 269: 19509–19515
Worrell AC, Bruneau J-M, Summerfelt K, Boersig M, Voelker TA (1991) Expression of a maize sucrose phosphate synthase in tomato alters leaf carbohydrate partitioning. Plant Cell 3: 1121–1130
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer-Verlag/Wien
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Miao, GH. (1996). Metabolite Sensing and Regulatory Points of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolic Pathways and Partitioning in Plants. In: Verma, D.P.S. (eds) Signal Transduction in Plant Growth and Development. Plant Gene Research. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7474-6_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7474-6_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-7476-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-7474-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive