Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery pp 3–64Cite as

Immunobiology of Brain Tumors

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery ((NEUROSURGERY,volume 17))

Abstract

The treatment of malignant brain tumors continues to challenge neuro¬surgeons and basic scientists. The lack of major success with chemotherapy and radiation therapy has spurred further investigation into the biology of these tumors and host reactions to them.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Akiyama SI, Gottesman MM, Hanover JA (1984) Verapamil enhances the toxicity of conjugates of epidermal growth factor with pseudomonous exotoxin and antitransferrin receptor with pseudomonous exotoxin. J Cell Physiol 129: 271 – 279

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alarcon B, Fresno M (1985) Specific effect of anti–transferrin antibodies on natural killer cells directed against tumor cells. Evidence for the transferrin receptor being one of the target structures recognized by NK cells. J Immunol 134: 1286 – 1291

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Allan PM, Garson JA, Harper EI, Asser U, Coakham HB, Brownell B, Kemshead JT (1983) Biological characterization and clinical applications of a monoclonal antibody recognizing an antigen restricted to neuroectodermal tissues. Int J Cancer 31: 591 – 598

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ammirati M, Galicich JH, Arbit E, Liao Y (1987) Reoperation in the treatment of recurrent intracranial malignant gliomas. Neurosurgery 21: 607 – 614

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Anderson TM, Ibayashi Y, Holmes EC, Golub SH (1987) Modification of natural killer activity of lymphocytes infiltrating human lung cancers. Cancer Immunol Immunother 25: 65 – 68

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ando I, Hoon DSB, Suzuki Y, Saxton RE, Golub SH, Irie RF (1987) Ganglioside GM 2 on the K 562 cell line is recognized as a target structure by human natural killer cells. Int J Cancer 40: 12 – 17

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Anichini A, Fossati G, Parmiani G (1986) Hetereogeneity of clones from a human metastatic melanoma detected by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones. J Exp Med 163: 215 – 220

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Apuzzo MLJ, Sheikh KMA, Weiss MH, Heyden JS, Kurze T (1981) The utilization of native glioma antigens in the assessment of specific cellular and humoral immune responses in malignant glioma patients. Acta Neu– rochir (Wien) 55: 180 – 200

    Google Scholar 

  9. Apuzzo MLJ, Mitchell MS (1981) Immunological aspect of intrinsic glial tumors. J Neurosurg 55: 1 – 18

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Basu A, Murthy U, Rodeck U, Herlyn M, Mattes L, Das M (1987) Presence of tumor–associated antigens in epidermal growth factor receptors from different human carcinomas. Cancer Res 47: 2531 – 2536

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Behnke J, Coakham JP, Mach JP, Carrel S, de Tribolet N (1988 a) Monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis and therapy of brain tumors. In: Kornblith PL, Walker MD (eds) Advances in neurooncology. Futura Pub Co, Mount Kisco, NY, USA, pp 249 – 285

    Google Scholar 

  12. Behnke J, Mach JP, Buchegger F, Carrel S, Delaloye B, de Tribolet N (1988 b) In vivo localization of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody in human gliomas. Br J Neurosurg 2: 193–197

    Google Scholar 

  13. Belldegrum A, Muul LM, Rosenberg SA (1988) Interleukin 2 expanded tumor–infiltrating lymphocytes in human renal cell cancer: isolation, characterization, and antitumor activity. Cancer Rec 48: 206 – 214

    Google Scholar 

  14. Berra B, Gaini SM, Riboni L (1985) Correlation between ganglioside distribution and histological grading of human astrocytomas. Int J Cancer 36: 363 – 366

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Bigner DD (1981) Biology of gliomas: potential clinical implications of glioma cellular heterogeneity. Neurosurg 9: 320 – 326

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Bigner SH, Burger PC, Wong AJ, Werner MH, Hamilton SR, Muhlbaier LH, Vogelstein B, Bigner DD (1988) Gene amplification in malignant human gliomas: clinical and histopathologic aspects. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 47: 191 – 205

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Billiau A (1988) Interleukin–6: an overview. Lymphokine Res 7: 258

    Google Scholar 

  18. Blalock JE (1985) Relationships between neuroendocrine hormones and lym– phokines. Lymphokines 9: 1 – 13

    Google Scholar 

  19. Blasberg RG, Kobayashi T, Horowitz M, Rice JM, Groothuis D, Molnar P, Fenstermacher JD (1983 a) Regional blood flow in ethylnitrosourea–in– duced brain tumors. Ann Neurol 14: 189–201

    Google Scholar 

  20. Blasberg RG, Kobayashi T, Horowitz M, Rice JM, Groothuis D, Molnar P, Fenstermacher JD (1983 b) Regional blood– to– tissue transport in ethyl– nitrosourea– induced brain tumors. Ann Neurol 14: 202–215

    Google Scholar 

  21. Blythman HE, Casellas P, Gros O, Gros P, Jansen FK, Paolucci F, Pau B, Vidal H (1981) Immunotoxins: hybrid molecules of monoclonal antibodies and a toxin subunit specifically kill tumor cells. Nature 290: 145 – 146

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Boetius J, Blomgren H, Collins VP, Greitz T, Strander H (1983) The effect of systemic human interferon–a administration to patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 68: 239 – 251

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bogdahn U, Fleischer B, Rupniak HTR (1984) Interferon in specific T–cell mediated cytotoxicity in human gliomas. Antiviral Res 4: 84

    Google Scholar 

  24. Bonnin JM, Rubinstein LJ (1984) Immunohistochemistry of central nervous system tumors. J Neurosurg 60: 1121 – 1133

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bosnes V, Hirschberg H (1988) Comparison of in vitro glioma cell cytotoxicity of LAK cells from glioma patients and healthy subjects. J Neurosurg 69: 234 – 38

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Bourdon MA, Wilkstrand CJ, Furthmayr H, Matthews TJ, Bigner DD (1983) Human glioma–mesenchymal extracellular matrix antigen defined by monoclonal antibody. Cancer Res 43: 2796 – 2805

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Boudon MA, Coleman RE, Blasberg RG, Groothuis DR, Bigner DD (1984) Monoclonal antibody localization in subcutaneous and intracranial human glioma xenografts: paired–label and imaging analysis. Anticancer Res 4: 133 – 140

    Google Scholar 

  28. Bowlin TL, Scott AN, Jhle JN (1984) Biologic properties of interleukin 3. II. Serologic comparison of 20–a–SDH–inducing activity, colony–stimulating activity, and WEHI–3 growth factor activity by using an antiserum against IL3. J Immunol 133: 2001 – 2006

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Bradley NJ, Darling JL, Oktar N, Bloom HJG, Thomas DGT, Davis AJS (1983) The failure of human leukocyte interferon to influence the growth of human glioma cell populations: in vitro and in vivo studies. Br J Cancer 48: 819 – 825

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Brady LW, Woo DV, Karlsson U, Steplewski Z, Rackover M, Koprowski H (1988) Radioimmunotherapy of human gliomas using 1–125 labeled monoclonal antibody to epidermal growth factor receptor. Proceedings of ASCO 7: p83

    Google Scholar 

  31. Braun DP, Penn RD, Flannery AM, Harris JE (1982) Immunoregulatory cell–function in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with intracranial gliomas. Neurosurgery 10: 203 – 209

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Braun DP, Penn RD, Harris JE (1984) Regulation of natural killer cell function by glass–adherent cells in patients with intracranial malignancies. Neurosurgery 15: 29 – 33

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Breit SN, Wakefield D, Robinson JP, Luckhurst E, Clark P, Penney R (1985) The role of a 1–antitrypsin deficiency in the pathogenesis of immune disorders. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 35: 363 – 380

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Brocker EB, Suter L, Briiggen J, Ruiter DJ, Macher E, Sorg C (1985) Phe– notypic dynamics of tumor progression in human malignant melanoma. Int J Cancer 36: 29 – 35

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Brooks WH, Netsky MG, Horwitz DA, Normansell DE (1972) Depressed cell–mediated immunity in patients with primary intracranial tumors. J Exp Med 136: 1631 – 1647

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Brooks WH, Roszman TL, Rogers AS (1976) Impairment of rosette forming T lymphocytes in patients with primary intracranial tumors. Cancer 37: 1869 – 1873

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Brooks WH, Markesbery WR, Gupta GD, Roszman TL (1978) Relationship of lymphocyte invasion and survival of brain tumor patients. Ann Neurol 4: 219 – 224

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Brooks WH, Cross RJ, Roszman TL, Markesbery WR (1982) Neuroim– munomodulation: Neural anatomical basis for impairment and facilitation. Ann Neurol 12: 56 – 61

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Bullard DE, Adams CJ, Coleman RE, Bigner DD (1986) In vivo imaging of intracranial human glioma xenografts comparing specific with nonspecific radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. J Neurosurg 64: 257 – 262

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Buraggi GL, Callegaro L, Mariani G, Turrin A, Cascinelli N, Attili A, Bombardieri E, Terno G, Plassio G, Dovis M, Mazzuca N, Natali PG, Scassellati GA, Rosa U, Ferrone S (1985) Imaging with 131I–labeled monoclonal antibodies to a high–molecular weight melanoma–associated antigen in patients with melanoma: efficacy of whole immunoglobulin and its F(ab’)2 fragments. Cancer Res 45: 3378 – 3387

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Cahan LD, Irie RF, Singh R, Cassidenti A, Paulson JC (1982) Identification of a human neuroectodermal tumor antigen (OFA–I–2) as ganglioside GD 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 7629 – 7633

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Cairncross JG, Mattes MJ, Beresford HR, Albino AP, Houghton AN, Lloyd KO, Old LJ (1982) Cell surface antigens of human astrocytoma defined by mouse monoclonal antibodies—Identification of astrocytoma subsets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 5641 – 5645

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Carrel S, Accolla RS, Carmagnola AL, Mach JP (1980) Common human melanoma–associated antigen(s) detected by monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Res 40: 2523 – 2528

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Carrel S, de Tribolet N, Mach JP (1982 a) Expression of neuroectodermal antigens common to melanomas, gliomas and neuroblastomas. I. Identification by monoclonal anti– melanoma and anti– glioma antibodies. Acta Neuropath (Berl) 57: 158–164

    Google Scholar 

  45. Carrel S, de Tribolet N, Gross N (1982 b) Expression of HLA– DR and common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen on glioma cells. Eur J Immunol 12: 354–357

    Google Scholar 

  46. Cavallion JM, Fitting C (1986) Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide–induced monocyte interleukin 1 secretion by gangliosides. Eur J Immunol 16: 1009 – 1013

    Google Scholar 

  47. Chen L, Mory Y, Zilberstein A, Revel M (1988) Growth inhibition of human breast carcinoma and leukemia/lymphoma cell lines by recombinant inter– feron–p2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 8037 – 8041

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Chouaib S, Bertoglio JH (1988) Prostaglandines E as modulators of immune response. Lymphokine Res 7: 237 – 245

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Coakham HB (1974) Surface antigens common to human astrocytoma cells. Nature 250: 328 – 330

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Coakham HB, Lakshmi MS (1975) Tumor associated surface antigen(s) in human astrocytomas. Oncology 31: 233 – 243

    Google Scholar 

  51. Coakham HB (1984) Immunology of human brain tumors. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 20: 145 – 149

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Coakham HB, Richardson RB, Davies AG, Bourne SP, Eckert H, Kemshead JT (1988) Neoplastic meningitis from a pineal tumor treated by antibody– guided irradiation via the intrathecal route. Br J Neurosurg 2: 299 – 309

    Google Scholar 

  53. Cohen PJ, Lotze MT, Roberts JR (1987) The immunopathology of sequential tumor biopsies in patients treated with interleukin–2. Correlation of response with T–cell infiltration and HLA–DR expression. Am J Pathol 129: 208 – 216

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Colapinto EV, Humphrey PA, Zalutsky MR, Groothuis DR, Friedman HS, de Tribolet N, Carrel S, Bigner DD (1988) Comparative localization of murine monoclonal antibody Mel–14 F(ab’)2 fragment and whole IgG2a in human glioma xenografts. Cancer Res 48: 5701 – 5707

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Colombatti M, Bisconti M, Dell’Arciprete L, Gerosa MA, Tridente G (1988) Sensitivity of human glioma cells to cytotoxic heteroconjugates. Int J Cancer 42: 441 – 448

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Cook AW, Carter WA, Nidzgorski F, Akhtar L (1983) Human brain tumor– derived cell lines: Growth rate reduced by human fibroblast interferon. Science 219: 881 – 883

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Gross RJ, Markesbery WR, Brooks WH, Roszman TL (1984) Hypothalamic– immune interactions: Neuromodulation of natural killer activity by lesioning of the anterior hypothalamus. Immunology 51: 399 – 405

    Google Scholar 

  58. Daar AS, Fuggle SV, Fabre JY, Ting A, Morris PJ (1984) The detailed distribution of HLA–ABC antigens in normal human organs. Transplantation 38: 287

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Dalgleish AG (1986) The T4 molecule: function and structure. Immunol Today 7: 142 – 144

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Davies AG, Richardson RB, Bourne S (1985) The delivery of radiolabeled MAb to human primary cerebral tumors. J Neuroimmunol 10: 182

    Google Scholar 

  61. Davies AG, Bourne S, Richardson RB, Czudek R, Wallington TB, Kemshed JT, Coakham HB (1986) Pre–existing anti–mouse immunoglobulin in a patient receiving 13 –murine monoclonal antibody for radioimmunolocaliza– tion. Br J Cancer 53: 289 – 292

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Decarvalho S, Kaufman A, Pineda A (1977) Adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in central nervous system tumors. In: Salmon J (ed) Adjuvant therapy of cancer. Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam, pp 495 – 502

    Google Scholar 

  63. Del Rio Ortega P (1932) Microglia. In: Penfield W (ed) Cytology and cellular pathology of the nervous system. Paul B Hoeber Inc, New York, pp 482 – 534

    Google Scholar 

  64. De Martin R, Haendler B, Hofer–Warbinek R, Gaugitsch H, Wrann M, Schliisener H, Seifert JM, Bodmer S, Fontana A, Hofer E (1987) Complementary DNA for human glioblastoma–derived T cell suppressor factor, a novel member of the transforming growth factor–(3 gene family. EMBO 6: 3673 – 3677

    Google Scholar 

  65. De Muralt B, de Tribolet N, Diserens AC, Carrel S, Mach JP (1983) Reactivity of antiglioma monoclonal antibodies for a large panel of cultured gliomas and other neuroectoderm derived tumors. Anticancer Res 3: 1 – 6

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. De Muralt B, de Tribolet N, Diserens AC, Stavrou D, Mach JP, Carrel S (1985) Phenotyping of 60 cultured human gliomas and 34 other neuroectodermal tumors by means of monoclonal antibodies against glioma, melanoma and HLA–DR antigens. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 21: 207 – 216

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Denicoff KD, Rubinow DR, Papa MZ (1987) The neuropsychiatric effects of treatment with interleukin–2 and lymphokine–activated killer cells. Ann Intern Med 107: 293 – 300

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. De Tribolet N, Carrel S (1980) Human glioma tumor associated antigens. Cancer Immunol Immunother 9: 207 – 211

    Google Scholar 

  69. De Tribolet N (1982) Immunological markers of brain gliomas. Bull Schweiz Akad Med Wiss 8: 113 – 121

    Google Scholar 

  70. De Tribolet N, Carrel S, Mach JP (1984 a) Brain–tumor–associated antigens. Prog Exp Tumor Res (Basel) 27: 118–131

    Google Scholar 

  71. De Tribolet N, Hamou MF, Mach JP, Carrel S, Schreyer M (1984 b) Demonstration of HLA–DR antigens in normal human brain. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 47: 417–418

    Google Scholar 

  72. Dick SJ, Macchi B, Papazoglou S, Oldfield EH, Kornblith PL, Smith BH, Gately MK (1983) Lymphoid cell–glioma cell interaction enhances cell coat production by human gliomas: Novel suppressor mechanism. Science 220: 739 – 742

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Dickinson JG, Flanigan TP, Kemshead JT, Doherty D, Walsh FS (1983) Identification of cell surface antigens present exclusively on a sub–population of astrocytes in human foetal brain cultures. J Neuroimmunol 5: 111 – 123

    Google Scholar 

  74. Di Lorenzo N, Palma L, Nicole S (1977) Lymphocytic infiltration in long– survival glioblastomas: possible host’s resistance. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 39: 27 – 33

    Google Scholar 

  75. Doyle A, Martin WJ, Funa K, Gazdar A, Carney D, Martin SE, Linnoila I, Cuttitta F, Mulshine J, Bunn P, Minna J (1985) Markedly decreased expression of class I histocompatibility antigens, protein and mRNA in human small–cell lung cancer. J Exp Med 161: 1135 – 1151

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Downward J, Yarden Y, Mayes E, Scerace G, Totty N, Stockwell P, Ullrich A, Schlessinger J, Waterfield MD (1984) Close similarity of epidermal growth factor receptor and v–erb B oncogene protein sequences. Nature 307: 521 – 527

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. DuBois JH, Hammond–Tooke GD, Cuzner ML (1985) Expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens in neonate rat primary mixed glial cultures. J Neuroimmunol 9: 363 – 377

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Du Pont GN, Alexander MA, Herlin MF, Zehngebot LM, Mitchell KF, Zmijewski CM, Lusk EJ (1984) HLA–DR histocompatibility leukocyte antigens permit cultured human melanoma cells from early but not advanced disease to stimulate autologous lymphocytes. J Clin Invest 73: 267 – 271

    Google Scholar 

  79. Elliott LH, Brooks WH, Roszman TL (1984) Cytokinetic basis for the impaired activation of lymphocytes from patients with primary intracranial tumors. J Immunol 132: 1208 – 1215

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Elliott LH, Brooks WH, Roszman TL (1987) Role of interleukin–2 (IL–2) and IL–2 receptor expression in the proliferative defect observed in mitogen– stimulated lymphocytes from patients with gliomas. JNCI 78: 919 – 922

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Epenetos AA, Courtenay–Luck N, Pickering D, Hooker G, Doubin H, Lavender JP, McKenzie CG (1985) Antibody–guided irradiation of brain glioma by arterial infusion of radioactive monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor and blood group A antigen. Br Med J 290: 1463 – 1466

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Epenetos AA, Snook D, Durbin H, Johnson PM, Taylor–Papadimitriou J (1986) Limitation of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies for localization of human neoplasms. Cancer Res 46: 3183 – 3191

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Esiri MM (1982) Immunohistochemical techniques in neuropathology. In: Smith WT, Cavanagh J (eds) Recent advances in neuropathology. Churchill Livingstone, London, pp 1 – 28

    Google Scholar 

  84. Esiri MM, MacGee JOD (1987) Monoclonal antibody to macrophages (EMB/11) labels macrophages and microglial cells in human brain. J Clin Pathol 39: 615 – 621

    Google Scholar 

  85. Eto Y, Shinoda S (1982) Ganglioside and neural glycolipids in human brain tumors: specificity and their significance. Adv Exp Med Biol 152: 279 – 290

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Fallon JH, Seroogy KB, Loughlin SE, Morrison RS, Bradshaw RA, Knauer DJ, Cunningham DD (1984) Epidermal growth factor immunoreactive material in the central nervous system: localization and development. Science 224: 1107 – 1109

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Feun L, Gutterman J, Quesada J, Stewart D, Leavens M, Burgess MA, Benjamin RS (1982) Phase I study of interferon administered via indwelling Ommaya reservoir for the treatment of progressive malignant gliomas. Abstract of 13th International Cancer Congress No. 963, Seattle

    Google Scholar 

  88. Fischer DK, Chen TL, Narayan RK (1988) Immunological and biochemical strategies for the identification of brain tumor–associated antigens. J Neu– rosurg 68: 165 – 180

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Fontana A, Kristensen F, Dubs R, Gemsa D, Weber E (1982) Production of prostaglandin E and an interleukin 1 –like factor by cultured astrocytes and C6 glioma cells. J Immunol 129: 2413 – 2419

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Fontana A, McAdam KP, Kristensen F, Weber E (1983) Biological and biochemical characterization of an interleukin 1–like factor from rat C6 glioma cells. Eur J Immunol 13: 685 – 689

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Fontana A, Fierz W, Wekerle H (1984 a) Astrocytes present myelin basic protein to encephalitogenic T–cell lines. Nature 307: 273–276

    Google Scholar 

  92. Fontana A, Hengartner H, de Tribolet N, Weber E (1984 b) Glioblastoma cells release Interleukin 1 and factors inhibiting interleukin 2–mediated effects. J Immunol 132: 1837–1844

    Google Scholar 

  93. Ford CHJ, Newman CE, Johnson JR, Woodhouse CS, Reeder TA, Rowland GF, Simmonds RG (1983) Localization and toxicity study of a vindesine– anti–CEA conjugate in patients with advanced cancer. Br J Cancer 47: 35 – 42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Forman J (1984) T cells, the MHC and function. Immunol Rev 81: 203 – 213

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Forni G, Bindoni M, Santoni A, Belluardo N, Marchese AE, Giovarelli M (1983) Radiofrequency destruction of the tuberoinfundibular region of hypothalamus permanently abrogates NK cell activity in mice. Nature 306: 181 – 184

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Frappaz D, Singletary SE, Spitzer G, Yung A (1988) Enhancement of growth of primary and metastatic fresh human tumors of the nervous system by epidermal growth factor in serum–free short term culture. Neurosurg 23: 355 – 359

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Frank E, Pulver M, de Tribolet N (1986) Expression of class II major histocompatibility antigens on reactive astrocytes and endothelial cells within the gliosis surrounding metastasis and abscess. J Neuroimmunol 12: 29 – 36

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Frei K, Bodmer S, Schwerder C, Fontana A (1985) Astrocytes of the brain synthesize interleukin 3–like factors. J Immunol 135: 4044 – 4047

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Frei K, Siepl C, Groscurth P, Bodmer S, Schwerdel C, Fontana A (1987) Antigen presentation and tumor cytotoxicity by interferon–y–treated microglial cells. Eur J Immunol 17: 1271 – 1278

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Funke I, Hahn A, Rieber EP, Weiss E, Riethmiiller G (1987) The cellular receptor (CD 4) of the human immunodeficiency virus is expressed on neurons and glial cells in human brain. J Exp Med 165: 1230 – 1235

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Garson JA, Quindlen EA, Kornblith PL (1981) Complement fixation by IgM and IgG autoantibodies on cultured human glial cells. J Neurosurg 55: 19 – 26

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Garson JA, Coakham HB, Kemshead JT, Brownell B, Harper EI, Allan P, Bourne S (1985) The role of monoclonal antibodies in brain tumor diagnosis and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology. J Neurooncol 3: 165 – 171

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Gately MK, Glaser M, Dick SJ, Mettetal Jr RW, Kornblith PL (1982 a) In vitro studies on the cell–mediated immune response to human brain tumors. I. Requirement of third–party stimulator lymphocytes in the induction of cell–mediated cytotoxic responses to allogeneic cultures of gliomas. JNCI 69: 1245–1254

    Google Scholar 

  104. Gately MK, Glaser M, McCarron RM, Dick SJ, Dick MD, Mettetal Jr RW, Kornblith PL (1982 b) Mechanisms by which human gliomas may escape cellular immune attack. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 64: 175–197

    Google Scholar 

  105. Gately CL, Muul LM, Greenwood MA, Papazoglou S, Dick SJ, Kornblith PL, Smith BH, Gately MK (1984) In vitro studies on the cell–mediated immune response to human brain tumors. II. Leukocyte–induced coats of glycosaminoglycan increase the resistence of glioma cells to cellular immune attack. J Immunol 133: 3387 – 3395

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. George RE, Loudon WG, Moser RP, Bruner JM, Steck PA, Grimm EA (1988) In vitro cytolysis of primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the posterior fossa (medulloblastoma) by lymphokine–activated killer cells. J Neurosurg 69: 403 – 409

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Gerosa M, Semenzato G, Amadori G, Olivi A, Rotilio A, Zuccarello M, Iraci G (1981) Long term immunological investigation of malignant intracranial gliomas. Surg Neurol 16: 48 – 52

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Gerosa M, Chilosi M, Iannucci A, Montagna M, Andrighetto GC, Stevanoni G, Tridente G (1984) Immunohistochemical characterization of Ia–DR positive cells in normal human brain and gliomas. J Neurooncol 2: 272

    Google Scholar 

  109. Gerosa F, Tommasi M, Spiazzi AL, Azzolina LS, Carra G, Maffei A, Accolla RS, Tridente G (1988) Heterogeneity of lymphokine–activated killer (LAK) populations at the clonal level: both NK and CD 3 +, CD4~, CD 8~ clones efficiently mediate tumor cell killing. Clin Immunol Immunother 49: 91 – 100

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Giulian D, Baker TJ (1985) Peptides released by ameboid microglia regulate astroglial proliferation. J Cell Biol 101: 2411 – 2415

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Goodwin JS, Bankhurst AD, Messner RP (1977) Suppression of human T– cell mitogenesis by prostaglandin. Existence of a prostaglandin–producing suppressor cell. J Exp Med 146: 1719 – 1734

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Gresser I, Bandu MT, Brouty–Boye D (1974) Interferon and cell division. IX. Interferon–resistant L 1210 cells: Characteristics and origin. J Natl Cancer Inst 52: 533 – 559

    Google Scholar 

  113. Grimm EA, Mazumber A, Zhang HZ, Rosenberg SA (1982) Lymphokine activated killer cell phenomenon: Lysis of NK–resistant fresh solid tumor cells by IL–2 activated autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes. J Exp Med 155: 1823 – 1841

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Grimm EA ( 1988 a) Immunotherapy of human glioma with lymphokine activated killer cells and interleukin–2. In: Kornblith PL, Walker MD (eds) Advances in neurooncology. Futura Pub Co, Mount Kisco, NY, USA, pp 515 – 529

    Google Scholar 

  115. Grimm EA, Ammann R, Crump III WL, Durett A, Hester JP, Deenadalayan SL, Owen–Schaub LB (1988 b) TGFp inhibits the in vitro induction of lymphokine activated killing activity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 27: 53–58

    Google Scholar 

  116. Groothuis DR, Fischer JM, Lapin G, Bigner DD, Vich NA (1982) Permeability of different experimental brain tumor models to horseradish peroxidase. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 41: 164 – 185

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Gupta S, Frohman E, Frohman T, Dustin M, Vavuvegula B, Choi B (1988) Induction/up–regulation of ICAM–1 in cultured human brain astrocytes. Lymphokine Res 7: 298

    Google Scholar 

  118. Han X, Itch K, Balch CM, Pellis NR (1988) Recombinant interleukin 4 (RIL4) inhibits interleukin 2–induced activation of periferal blood lymphocytes. Lymphokine Res 7: 227 – 235

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Hancock WW, Pleau ME, Kobzik L (1988) Recombinant granulocyte–macrophage colony–stimulating factor down–regulates expression of IL–2 receptor on human mononuclear phagocytes by induction of prostaglandine. J Immunol 140: 3021 – 3025

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Hayes GM, Woodroofe MN, Cuzner ML (1988) Characterization of microglia isolated from adult human and rat brain. J Neuroimmunol 19: 177 – 189

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Heiter E, Ayala J, Mallat M, Denefle P, Bousseau A, Prochiantz A (1988) Microglial cells and not astrocytes synthesize interleukin–1 in vitro. Lym– phokine Res 7: 263

    Google Scholar 

  122. Helseth E, Dalen A, Unsgaard G, Skandsen T, Grondahl–Hansen J, Lund LR (1988) Transforming growth factor–(31 is a potent inducer of plasminogen activator inhibitor type–1 in human glioblastoma and carcinoma cell line. APMIS 96: 845 – 849

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Heo DS, Whiteside TL, Kanbour A, Herberman RB (1988) Lymphocytes infiltrating human ovarian tumors. I Role of Leu–19 (NKH–l)–positive recombinant IL–2–activated cultures of lymphocytes infiltrating human ovarian tumors. J Immunol 140: 4042 – 4049

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Herlyn DM, Steplewski Z, Herlyn MF, Koprowski H (1980) Inhibition of growth of colorectal carcinoma in nude mice by monoclonal antibody. Cancer Res 40: 717 – 721

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Herlyn D, Koprowski H (1982) IgG 2 a monoclonal antibodies inhibit human tumor growth through interaction with effector cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 4761 – 4765

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Hermansson M, Nister M, Betsholtz C, Heldin CH, Westermark B, Funa K (1988) Endothelial cell hyperplasia in human glioblastoma: Coexpression of mRNA for platelet–derived growth factor (PDGF) B chain and PDGF receptor suggests autocrine growth stimulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 7748 – 7752

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Hirano A, Matsui T (1975) Vascular structures in brain tumors. Mum Pathol 6: 611 – 621

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Hirakawa K, Ueda S, Nakagawa Y, Suzuki K, Fukuma S, Kita M, Imanishi J, Kishida T (1983) Effect of human leukocyte interferon on malignant brain tumors. Cancer 51: 1976 – 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Hirshberg H, Braathen LR, Thorsby E (1982) Antigen presentation by vascular endothelial cells and epidermal Langerhans cells: the role of HLA–DR. Immunol Rev 66: 57 – 77

    Google Scholar 

  130. Hitchcock ER, Morris CS (1988) Mononuclear cell infiltration in central portions of human astrocytomas. J Neurosurg 68: 432 – 437

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Honsik CJ, Jung G, Reisfeld RA (1986) Lymphokine–activated killer cells targeted by monoclonal antibodies to the disialoganglioside GD 2 and GD 3 specifically lyse human tumor cells of neuroectodermal origin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 7893 – 7897

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Hook GR, Greenwood MA, Barba D, Ikejiri B, Chen SN, Oldfield EH, Weber RJ, Muul LM (1988) Morphology of interleukin–2–stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear effector cells killing glioma–derived tumor cells in vitro. JNCI 80: 171 – 177

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Hosokawa M, Sawamura Y, Morikage T, Okada F, Xu ZY, Morikawa K, Itho K, Kobayashi H (1988) Improved therapeutic effects of interleukin–2 after the accumulation of lymphokine–activated killer cells in tumor tissue of mice previously treated with cyclophosphamide. Cancer Immunol Im– munother 27: 250 – 255

    Google Scholar 

  134. Houghton AN, Mintzer D, Cordon–Cardo C, Welt S, Fliegel B, Vadhan S, Carswell E, Melamad MR, Oettgen HF, Old LJ (1985) Mouse monoclonal IgG 3 antibody detecting GD3 ganglioside: A phase I trial in patient with malignant melanoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 1242 – 1246

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Howard M, Farrar J, Hilfiker M, Johnson B, Takatsu K, Hamaoka T, Paul WE (1982) Identification of a T cell–derived B cell growth factor distinct from interleukin–2. J Exp Med 155: 914 – 923

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Hunter T (1984) The epidermal growth factor gene and its products. Nature 311: 414 – 416

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Imaya H, Matsuura H, Kudo M, Nakagawa S (1988) Suppression of splenic natural killer cell activity in rats with brain tumors. Neurosurgery 23: 23 – 26

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Ishida N (1986) Immunopotentiating activities of OK–432. Recent advances in the understanding of its mechanism of action. In: Ishida N (ed) Immunopotentiating activities of OK–432. Excerpta Medica, Tokyo, pp 1 – 100

    Google Scholar 

  139. Itoh K, Tilden AB, Balch CM (1986) Interleukin 2 activation of cytotoxic– T lymphocytes infiltrating into human metastatic melanomas. Cancer Res 46: 3011 – 3017

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Jacobs SK, Wilson DJ, Kornblith PL, Grimm EA (1986 a) Interleukin–2 or autologous lymphokine–activated killer cell treatment of malignant glioma: Phase I trial. Cancer Res 46: 2101–2104

    Google Scholar 

  141. Jacobs SK, Wilson DJ, Kornblith PL, Glimm EA (1986b) In vitro killing of human glioblastoma by interleukin–2–activated autologous lymphocytes. J Neurosurg 64: 114 – 117

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Jones DH, Lashfold LS, Dicks–Mireaux C, Kemshead JT (1987) Comparison of pharmacokinetics of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody UJ 13 A in patients and in animal models. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 3: 125 – 130

    Google Scholar 

  143. Kakari S, Avgoustatos G, Ferderigos AS, Poulaki E, Sakka P, Karamplianis A, Konstandinidis E, Constantopoulos G (1984) Total and lipid bound sialic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain tumors. Anticancer Res 4: 313 – 316

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Kasahara T, Yagisawa H, Mukaida H, Shiotori–Nakano K (1988) Signal requirement for ILl–induced BSF–2/IL6 production by a human astrocytoma cell line. Lymphokine Res 7: 276

    Google Scholar 

  145. Kawakami Y, Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT (1988) Interleukin–4 (IL 4) promotes the growth of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) specific for human autologous melanoma. Lymphokine Res 7: 336

    Google Scholar 

  146. Kehrl JH, Roberts AB, Wakefield LM, Jakowlew S, Sporn MB, Fauci AS (1986 a) Transforming growth factor p is an important immunoregulatory protein for human B lymphocytes. J Immunol 137: 3855–3860

    Google Scholar 

  147. Kehrl JH, Wakefield LM, Roberts AB, Jakowlew S, Alvarez–Mon M, De– rynck R, Sporn MB, Fauci AS (1986 b) Production of transforming growth factor (3 by human T lymphocytes and its potential role in the regulation of T cell growth. J Exp Med 163: 1037–1050

    Google Scholar 

  148. Kemshead JT, Ritter MA, Cotmore SF, Greaves MF (1982) Human Thy–1 expression on cell surface of neuronal and glial cells. Brain Res 236: 451 – 461

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Kennett RH, Gilbert FM (1979) Hybrid myelomas producing antibodies against a human neuroblastoma antigen present on foetal brain. Science 203: 1120 – 1121

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Kikuchi K, Neuwelt EA (1983) Presence of immunosuppressive factors in brain–tumor cyst fluid. J Neurosurg 59: 790 – 799

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Kitahara T, Watanabe O, Yamamura A, Makino H, Watanabe T, Suzuki G, Okumura K (1987) Establishment of interleukin–2 dependent cytotoxic T lymphocyte cell lines specific for autologous brain tumor and its intracranial administration for therapy of the tumor. J Neurooncol 4: 329 – 336

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Kohler G, Milstein C (1975) Continuous cultured of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature 256: 495 – 497

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Kornblith PL, Dohan Jr FC, Wood WC, Whitman B (1974) Human astrocytoma: serum mediated immunologic response. Cancer 33: 1512 – 1519

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Kornblith PL, Pollock LA, Coakham HB, Quindlen EA, Wood WC (1979) Cytotoxic antibody responses in astrocytoma patients. An improved allogeneic assay. J Neurosurg 51: 47 – 52

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Kornblith PL, Coakham HB, Pollock LA, Wood WC, Green SB, Smith BH (1983) Autologous serologic responses in glioma patients–correlation with tumor grade and survival. Cancer 52: 2230 – 2235

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Kradin RL, Boyle LA, Preffer FI, Callahan RJ, Barlai–Kovach M, Strauss HW, Dubinett S, Kurnich JT (1987) Tumor–derived interleukin–2–dependent lymphocytes in adoptive immunotherapy of lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 24: 76 – 85

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Kuppner MC, Hamou MF, deTribolet N (1988 a) Immunohistological and functional analyses of lymphoid infiltrates in human glioblastomas. Cancer Res 48: 6926–6932

    Google Scholar 

  158. Kuppner MC, Hamou MF, Bodmer S, Fontana A, deTribolet N (1988 b) The glioblastoma–derived T–cell suppressor factor/transforming growth factor fS2 inhibits the generation of lymphokine–activated killer (LAK) cells. Int J Cancer 42: 562–567

    Google Scholar 

  159. Kuppner MC, Hamou MF, Sawamura Y, Bodmer S, Tribolet N (1989) Inhibition of lymphocyte function by glioblastoma derived transforming growth factor P 2. J Neurosurg (in print)

    Google Scholar 

  160. Kuwata T, Fuse A, Morinaga N (1976) Effects of interferon upon cell and virus growth in transformed human cell lines. J Gen Virol 33: 7 – 15

    Google Scholar 

  161. Lachman LB, Brown DC, Dinarello CA (1987) Growth–promoting effect of recombinant interleukin–1 and tumor necrosis factor for a human astrocytoma cell line. J Immunol 138: 2913 – 2916

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Ladisch S, Ulsh B, Gillard B, Wong C (1984) Modulation of the immune response by gangliosides: inhibition of adherent monocyte accessory function in vitro. J Clin Invest 74: 2074 – 2080

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Larson SM, Brown SP, Write PW, Carrasquillo JA, Hellstrom I, Hellstrom KE (1983) Imaging of melanoma with 131I–labeled monoclonal antibodies. J Nucl Med 24: 123 – 129

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Larsson I, Landstrom LE, Larner E, Lundgren E, Miorner H, Strannegard O (1978) Interferon production in glia and glioma cell lines. Infect Immun 22: 786 – 789

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Lee YS, Bullard DE, Humphrey PA, Colapinto EV, Friedman HS, Zalusky MR, Coleman RE, Bigner DD (1988) Treatment of intracranial human glioma xenografts with 131I labeled anti–tenastin monoclonal antibody 81 C 6. Cancer Res 48: 2904 – 2910

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Letarte M, Vera S, Tran R, Addis JBL, Onizuka RJ, Quackenbush EJ, Jongeneel CV, Mclnnes RR (1988) Common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen is identical to neutral endopeptidase. J Exp Med 168: 1247 – 1253

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Levy NL (1978) Specificity of lymphocyte–mediated cytotoxicity in patients with primary intracranial tumors. J Immunol 121: 903 – 915

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Libermann TA, Razon N, Bartal AD, Yarden Y, Schlessinger J, Soreq H (1984) Expression of epidermal growth factor receptors in human brain tumors. Cancer Res 44: 753 – 760

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Libermann TA, Nusbaum HR, Razon N (1985) Amplification, enhanced expression and possible rearrangement of EGF receptor gene in human brain tumors of glial origin. Nature 313: 144 – 147

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Lundblad D, Lundgren E (1981) Block of a glioma cell line in S–phase by interferon. Int J Cancer 27: 749 – 754

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Mach JP, Carrel S, Forni M, Ritschard J, Donath A, Alberto P (1980) Tumor localization of radiolabeled antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen in patient with carcinoma. N Engl J Med 303: 5 – 10

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. MacDermott RP, Schmidt RE, Caulfield JP, Hein A, Bartley GT, Ritz J, Schlossman SF, Austen KF, Stevens RL (1986) Proteoglycans in cell–mediated cytotoxicity. J Exp Med 162: 1771 – 1787

    Google Scholar 

  173. Maddson PJ, Dalgleish AG, McDougal JS, Clapham PR, Weiss RA, Axel R (1986) The T4 gene encodes the AIDS irus receptor and is expressed in the immune system and the brain. Cell 47: 333 – 340

    Google Scholar 

  174. Mahaley MS, Brooks WH, Roszman TL, Bigner DD, Dudka L, Richardson S (1977) Immunobiology of primary intracranial tumors. Part I: Studies of the cellular and humoral general immune competence of brain–tumor patients. J Neurosurg 46: 467 – 476

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  175. Mahaley MS, Steinbok P, Aronin P, Dudka L, Zinn D (1981) Immunobiology of primary intracranial tumors. Part 4: Levaminole as immune stimulant in patients and in the ASV glioma model. J Neurosurg 54: 220 – 227

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  176. Mahaley MS, Aronin PA, Michael AJ, Bigner D (1983) Prevention of glioma induction in rats by simultaneous intracerebral inoculation of avian sarcoma virus plus bacillus Calmette–Guerin cell–wall preparation. Surg Neurol 19: 453 – 455

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  177. Mahaley MS, Bertsch L, Cush S, Gillespie GY (1988) Systemic y–interferon therapy for recurrent gliomas. J Neurosurg 69: 826 – 829

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  178. Martin–Achard A, Diserens AC, de Tribolet N, Carrel S (1980) Evaluation of the humoral response of glioma patients to a possible common tumor– associated antigen(s). Int J Cancer 25: 219 – 224

    Google Scholar 

  179. Martin–Achard A, de Tribolet N, Louis J A, Zander E (1980) Immune complexes associated with brain tumors: correlation with prognosis. Surg Neurol 13: 161 – 163

    Google Scholar 

  180. Marth E, Flaschka G, Stiegler S, Mose JR (1988) Sialic acid as a marker for differentiation between benign and malignant intracranial tumors. Clinica Chimica Acta 176: 251 – 258

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Maunoury R, Verdenne C, Constans JP (1975) Infiltrations lymphocytaires dans les gliomas humains. Neurochirurgie 21: 213 – 222

    Google Scholar 

  182. McComb RD, Bigner DD (1985) Immunolocalization of monoclonal antibody–defined extracellular matrix antigens in human brain tumors. J Neu– rooncol 3: 181 – 186

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Medawar PB (1948) Immunity to homologous grafted skin; the fate of skin homografts transplanted to the brain, to subcutaneous tissue, and to the anterior chambers of the eye. Br J Pathol 29: 58 – 69

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Merchant RE, Grant AJ, Merchant LH, Young HF (1988) Adoptive immunotherapy for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme using lymphokine activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin–2. Cancer 62: 665 – 671

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Merritt WD, Bailey JM, Pluznik DH (1984) Inhibition of interleukin–2– dependent cytotoxic T–lymphocyte growth by gangliosides. Cell Immunol 89: 1 – 10

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Miescher S, Whiteside TL, deTribolet N, von Fliedner V (1988) In situ characterization, clonogenic potential, and antitumor cytolytic activity of T lymphocytes infiltrating human brain cancers. J Neurosurg 68: 438 – 448

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Mignatti P, Robbins E, Rifkin DB (1986) Tumor invasion through the human amniotic membrane, requirement for a proteinase cascade. Cell 47: 487 – 498

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Miyatake S, Kikuchi H, Iwasaki K, Yamashita J, Li ZY, Namba Y (1988) Specific cytotoxic activity of T lymphocyte clones derived from a patient with gliosarcoma. J Neurosurg 69: 751 – 759

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Moseley R, Zalutsky MR, Coakham HB, Coleman RE, Bigner DD (1987) Distribution of 131I 81 C 6 monoclonal antibody (MAb) administered via carotid artery in patients with glioma. J Nucl Med 28: 603r604

    Google Scholar 

  190. Mule JJ, Schwarz SL, Roberts AB, Sporn MB, Rosenberg SA (1988) Transforming growth factor–p inhibits the in vitro generation of lymphokine– activated killer cells and cytotoxic T cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 26: 95 – 100

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Murphy JB, Sturm E (1923) Conditions determining the transplantation of tissues in the brain. J Exp Med 38: 183 – 197

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  192. Murthy U, Basu A, Rodeck U, Herlyn M, Ross AH, Das M (1987) Binding of an antagonistic monoclonal antibody to intact and fragmented EGF receptor polypeptide. Arch Biochem Biophys 252: 549 – 560

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Muul LM, Spiess PL, Director EP, Rosenberg SA (1987) Identification of specific cytolytic immune responses against autologous tumor in humans bearing malignant melanoma. J Immunol 138: 989 – 995

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Nagai M (1983) Clinical trials of human fibroblast interferon (Hu IFN–p) on malignant brain tumors. J Jpn Soc Cancer Ther 18: 60 – 68

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. Nagai M, Arai T (1984) Clinical effect of interferon in malignant brain tumors. Neurosurg Rev 7: 55 – 64

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Nakamura H, Shitara N, Wada T, Genda S, Takakura K (1987) The basis and clinical application of adoptive immunotherapy for malignant brain tumors. Biotherapy (Tokyo) 1: 307 – 312

    Google Scholar 

  197. Nederman T, Benediktsson G (1982) Effect of interferon on growth rate and radiation sensitivity of cultured human glioma cells. Acta Radiol Oncol 24: 231 – 234

    Google Scholar 

  198. Neuwelt EA (1977) Unique aspects of the immunology of the central nervous system. In: Neuwelt EA, Clark WK (eds) Clinical aspects of neuroimmu– nology. William & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, pp 39 – 72

    Google Scholar 

  199. Neuwelt EA (1984) Therapeutic potential for blood brain barrier modification in malignant brain tumors. Prog Exp Tumor Res 28: 51 – 56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. North SM, Dean CJ (1983) Monoclonal antibodies to rat sarcoma. II. A syngeneic IgG2b antibody with anti–tumor activity. Immunol 49: 667 – 671

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. Obbens EAMT, Feun LG, Leavens ME, Savaraj N, Stewart D, Gutterman JU (1985) Phase I clinical trial of intralesional or intraventricular leukocyte interferon for intracranial malignancies. J Neurooncol 3: 61 – 67

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Offner H, Thieme T, Yandenbark AA (1987) Ganglioside induce selective modulation of CD 4 from helper T lymphocytes. J Immunol 139: 3295 – 3305

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. Paine JT, Handa H, Yamasaki T, Yamashita J, Miyatake S (1986) Immu– nohistochemical analysis of infiltrating lymphocytes in central nervous system tumors. Neurosurgery 18: 766 – 772

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. Palma L, di Lorenzo N, Guidetti B (1978) Lymphocytic infiltrates in primary glioblastomas and recidivous gliomas. Incidence, fate, and relevance to prognosis in 228 operated cases. J Neurosurg 49: 854 – 861

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Payan DG, MacGillis JP, Goetzl EJ (1986) Neuroimmunology. Advances in immunology 39: 299 – 323

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Perry VH, Gordon S (1988) Macrophages and microglia in the nervous system. TINS 11: 273 – 277

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Pesando JM, Ritz J, Lazarus H, Tomaselli KJ, Schlossman SF (1981) Fate of a common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen during modulation by monoclonal antibody. J Immunol 126: 540 – 544

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Pfreundschuh M, Shiku H, Takahashi T, Ransohoff J, Oettgen HF, Old LJ. (1978) Serological analysis of cell surface antigens of malignant human brain tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75: 5122 – 5126

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  209. Pfreundschuh M, Rohrich M, Piotrowski W, Berlit P, Penzholz H (1982) Natural antibodies to cell surface antigens of human astrocytoma. Int J Cancer 29: 517 – 521

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Piguet V, Diserens AC, Carrel S, Mach JP, de Tribolet N (1985) The immunology of human gliomas. Springer Semin Immunopathol 8: 111 – 127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. Piguet Y, Carrel S, Diserens AC, Mach JP, de Tribolet N (1986) Heterogeneity of the induction of HLA–DR expression by human immune interferon on glioma cell lines and their clones. JNCI 76: 223 – 228

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Plaut M (1987) Lymphocyte hormone receptors. Ann Rev Immunol 5: 621 – 669

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Pimm MV, Jones JA, Price MR, Middle JG, Embleton MJ, Baldwin RW (1982) Tumor localization of monoclonal antibody against a rat mammary carcinoma and suppression of tumor growth with adriamicin–antibody conjugates. Cancer Immunol Immunother 12: 125 – 134

    Google Scholar 

  214. Nederman T, Benediktsson G (1982) Effect of interferon on growth rate and radiation sensitivity of cultured human glioma cells. Acta Radiol Oncol 24: 231 – 234

    Google Scholar 

  215. Neuwelt EA (1977) Unique aspects of the immunology of the central nervous system. In: Neuwelt EA, Clark WK (eds) Clinical aspects of neuroimmu– nology. William & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, pp 39 – 72

    Google Scholar 

  216. Neuwelt EA (1984) Therapeutic potential for blood brain barrier modification in malignant brain tumors. Prog Exp Tumor Res 28: 51 – 56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. North SM, Dean CJ (1983) Monoclonal antibodies to rat sarcoma. II. A syngeneic IgG2b antibody with anti–tumor activity. Immunol 49: 667 – 671

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Obbens EAMT, Feun LG, Leavens ME, Savaraj N, Stewart D, Gutterman JU (1985) Phase I clinical trial of intralesional or intraventricular leukocyte interferon for intracranial malignancies. J Neurooncol 3: 61 – 67

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. Offner H, Thieme T, Yandenbark AA (1987) Ganglioside induce selective modulation of CD 4 from helper T lymphocytes. J Immunol 139: 3295 – 3305

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Paine JT, Handa H, Yamasaki T, Yamashita J, Miyatake S (1986) Immu– nohistochemical analysis of infiltrating lymphocytes in central nervous system tumors. Neurosurgery 18: 766 – 772

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  221. Palma L, di Lorenzo N, Guidetti B (1978) Lymphocytic infiltrates in primary glioblastomas and recidivous gliomas. Incidence, fate, and relevance to prognosis in 228 operated cases. J Neurosurg 49: 854 – 861

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  222. Payan DG, MacGillis JP, Goetzl EJ (1986) Neuroimmunology. Advances in immunology 39: 299 – 323

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  223. Perry VH, Gordon S (1988) Macrophages and microglia in the nervous system. TINS 11: 273 – 277

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  224. Pesando JM, Ritz J, Lazarus H, Tomaselli KJ, Schlossman SF (1981) Fate of a common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen during modulation by monoclonal antibody. J Immunol 126: 540 – 544

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Pfreundschuh M, Shiku H, Takahashi T, Ransohoff J, Oettgen HF, Old LJ. (1978) Serological analysis of cell surface antigens of malignant human brain tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75: 5122 – 5126

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  226. Pfreundschuh M, Rohrich M, Piotrowski W, Berlit P, Penzholz H (1982) Natural antibodies to cell surface antigens of human astrocytoma. Int J Cancer 29: 517 – 521

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  227. Piguet V, Diserens AC, Carrel S, Mach JP, de Tribolet N (1985) The immunology of human gliomas. Springer Semin Immunopathol 8: 111 – 127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Piguet Y, Carrel S, Diserens AC, Mach JP, de Tribolet N (1986) Heterogeneity of the induction of HLA–DR expression by human immune interferon on glioma cell lines and their clones. JNCI 76: 223 – 228

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. Plaut M (1987) Lymphocyte hormone receptors. Ann Rev Immunol 5: 621 – 669

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Pimm MV, Jones JA, Price MR, Middle JG, Embleton MJ, Baldwin RW (1982) Tumor localization of monoclonal antibody against a rat mammary carcinoma and suppression of tumor growth with adriamicin–antibody conjugates. Cancer Immunol Immunother 12: 125 – 134

    Google Scholar 

  231. Rosenberg SA, Spiess P, Lafreniere R (1986) A new approach to the adoptive immunotherapy of cancer with tumor–infiltrating lymphocytes. Science 233: 1318 – 1321

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  232. Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT, Muul LM, Chang AE, Avis FP, Leitman S, Linehan WM, Robertson CN, Lee RE, Rubin JT, Seipp CA, Simpson CG, White DE (1987) A progress report on the treatment of 157 patients with advanced cancer using lymphokine–activated killer cells and interleukin–2 or high–dose interleukin–2 alone. New Engl J Med 316: 889 – 897

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  233. Rosenberg SA, Schwarz SL, Spiess PJ (1988) Combination immunotherapy for cancer: Synergistic antitumor interactions of interleukin–2, a interferon, and tumor–infiltrating lymphocytes. JNCI 80: 93 – 97

    Google Scholar 

  234. Roszman TL, Brooks WH, Elliott LH (1982) Immunology of primary intracranial tumors. VI: Suppressor cell function lectin binding lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with cerebral tumors. Cancer 50: 1273 – 1279

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  235. Roszman TL, Jackson JC, Cross RJ, Titus MJ, Markesbery WR, Brooks WH (1985) Neuroanatomic and neurotransmitter influences on immune function. J Immunol 135: 769 – 772

    Google Scholar 

  236. Safdari H, Hochberg FH, Richardson Jr EP (1985) Prognostic value of round cell (lymphocyte) infiltration in malignant gliomas. Surg Neurol 23: 221 – 226

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  237. Saito T, Tanaka R, Kouno M, Takai N, Yoshida S, Hara N, Washiyama K, Sekiguchi K, Kumanishi T (1987) Immunohistological analysis of infiltrating lymphocyte subpopulations in gliomas and metastatic brain tumors. Brain and Nerve (Tokyo) 39: 339 – 345

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  238. Salford LG, Borgstrom S, Brismar J, Brun A, Cronqvist S (1981) Intratu– moral and systemic interferon treatment of astrocytomas grade III—IV. Abstract of U.S.–Japanese Conference on Brain Tumor Therapy. Nikko, Japan

    Google Scholar 

  239. Saris SC, Rosenberg SA, Friedman RB, Rubin JT, Barba D, Oldfield EH (1988) Penetration of recombinant interleukin–2 across the blood–cerebro– spinal fluid barrier. J Neurosurg 69: 29 – 34

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  240. Sawamura Y, Abe H, Aida T, Hosokawa M, Kobayashi H (1988 a) Isolation and in vitro growth of glioma–infiltrating lymphocytes and an analysis of their surface phenotypes. J Neurosurg 69: 745–750

    Google Scholar 

  241. Sawamura Y, Hosokawa M, Kobayashi H, Itho K (1988 b) In vivo distribution of murine and human lymphokine–activated killer cells: Implication of adoptive immunotherapy. Biotherapy (Tokyo) 2: 163–167

    Google Scholar 

  242. Sawamura Y, Hosokawa M, Kuppner MC, Kobayashi H, Aida T, Abe H, de Tribolet N (1989) Antitumor activity and surface phenotypes of glioma– infiltrating lymphocytes after in vitro expansion in the presence of interleukin– 2. Cancer Res 49: 1843 – 1849

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  243. Sawaya R, Zuccarello M, Highsmith R (1987) Alpha–1–antitrypsin in human brain tumors. J Neurosurg 67: 258 – 262

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  244. Sawaya R, Highsmith R (1988) Brain tumors and the fibrinolytic enzyme system. In: Kornblith PL, Walker MD (eds) Advances in neuro–oncology. Futura Pub Co, Mount Kisco, NY, pp 103 – 157

    Google Scholar 

  245. Schiffer D, Croveri G, Pautasso C (1974) Frequenza e significato degli in– filtrati linfo–plasmacellulari nei gliomi umani. Tumori 60: 177 – 184

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  246. Schnegg JF, de Tribolet N, Diserens AC, Martin–Achard A, Carrel S (1981 a) Characterization of a rabbit anti–human malignant glioma antiserum. Int J Cancer 28: 265–269

    Google Scholar 

  247. Schnegg JF, Diserens AC, Carrel S, Accolla RS, de Tribolet N (1981b) Human glioma–associated antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Res 41: 1209 – 1213

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  248. Schrader JW, Clark–Lewis I, Crapper RM, Wong GW (1983) P–cell stimulating factor: characterization, action on multiple lineages of bone–marrow– derived cells and role in oncogenesis. Immunol Rev 76: 79 – 104

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  249. Schreyer M, Hamou MF, Carrel S, Mach JP, de Tribolet N (1986) Immu– nohistological localization of glioma– and melanoma–associated antigens with monoclonal antibodies. In: Straal GEJ, van Veelen CWM (eds) Markers of human neuroectodermal tumors. CRC Press, Bocy Raton, Florida, USA, pp 53 – 62

    Google Scholar 

  250. Schulz G, Bumol TF, Reisfeld RA (1983) Monoclonal antibody–directed effector cells selectively lyse human melanoma cells in vivo and in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 5407 – 5411

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  251. Schwyzer M, Fontana A (1985) Partial purification and biochemical characterization of a T cell suppressor factor produced by human glioblastoma cells. J Immunol 134: 1003 – 1009

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  252. Seeger RC, Rosenblatt HM, Imai K, Ferrone S (1981) Common antigenic determinants on human melanoma, glioma, neuroblastoma and sarcoma cells defined by monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Res 41: 2714 – 2717

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  253. Seeger RC, Danon YL, Rayner SA, Hoover F (1982) Definition of Thy–1 determinant on human neuroblastoma, glioma, sarcoma and teratoma cells with monoclonal antibody. J Immunol 128: 983 – 989

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  254. Seeldrayers PA, Hoyle NR, Thomas DGT (1984) Serum MAB immuno– reactivity and immunoglobulin levels as markers of tumor type. J Neurooncol 2: 141 – 145

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  255. Selker RG, Wolmark N, Fisher B, Moore P (1978) Preliminary observations on the use of corynebacterium parvum in patients with primary intracranial tumors: Effect on intracranial pressure. J Surf Oncol 10: 299 – 303

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  256. Seto M, Takahashi T, Nakamura S, Matsudaira Y, Nishizuka Y (1983) In vivo antitumor effects of monoclonal antibodies with different immunoglobulin classes. Cancer Res 43: 4768 – 4773

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  257. Shackelford DA, Kaufman JF, Korman AJ, Strominger JL (1982) HLA– DR antigens: Structure, separation of subpopulations, gene cloning and function. Immunol Rev 66: 133 – 187

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  258. Shapiro JR, Yung WKA, Shapiro WR (1981) Isolation, Karyotype and clonal growth of heterogenous subpopulations of human malignant gliomas. Cancer Res 41: 2349 – 2359

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  259. Shibata S, Mori K, Moriyama T, Tanaka K, Moroki J (1987) Randomized controlled study of the effect of adjuvant immunotherapy with Picibanil on 51 malignant gliomas. Surg Neurol 27: 259 – 263

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  260. Shimizu K, Okamoto Y, Miyao Y, Yamada M, Ushio Y, Hayakawa T, Ikeda H, Mogami H (1987) Adoptive immunotherapy of human meningeal gliomatosis and carcinomatosis with LAK cells and recombinant interleukin– 2. J Neurosurg 66: 519 – 521

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  261. Shitara N, Nakamura H, Genka S, Takakura K (1987) Efficacy of interferon– P and interleukin–2 as cytokines for malignant brain tumor treatment. Jpn J Cancer Chemother 14: 3235 – 3244

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  262. Sikora K, Alderson T, Phillips J, Watson J (1982) Human hybridomas from malignant gliomas. Lancet 1: 11 – 14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  263. Simkin NJ, Jelinek DF, Lipsky PE (1987) Inhibition of human B cell responsiveness by prostaglandin E2. J Immunol 138: 1074 – 1081

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  264. Sjogren HO, Hellstrom I, Bansal SC, Hellstrom KE (1971) Suggestive evidence that “blocking antibodies” of tumor–bearing individuals may be antigen–antibody complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 68: 1372 – 1375

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  265. Smith KA (1988) Interleukin–2; inception, impact, and implications. Science 240: 1169 – 1176

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  266. Spangrude GJ, Braaten BA, Daynes RA (1984) Molecular mechanisms of lymphocyte recirculation. J Immunol 132: 354 – 362

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  267. Spangrude GJ, Araneo BA, Daynes RA (1985) Site–selective homing of antigen–primed lymphocytes populations can play a crucial role in the efferent limb of cell–mediated immune responses in vivo. J Immunol 134: 2900 – 2907

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  268. Spiel C, Bodmer S, Frei K, Fontana A (1988) The glioblastoma–derived T cell suppressor factor/transforming growth factor (32 inhibits T cell growth without affecting the interaction of interleukin–2 with its receptor. Eur J Immunol 18: 593 – 600

    Google Scholar 

  269. Stavrou D, Anzil AP, Weidenbach W (1977) Immunofluorescence study of lymphocytic infiltration in gliomas. Identification of T lymphocytes. J Neurol Sci 33: 275 – 282

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  270. Steinbok P, Thomas JPW, Grossman L, Dolman CL (1984) Intratumoral autologous mononuclear cells in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. J Neurooncol 2: 147 – 151

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  271. Stewart PA, Hayakawa K, Farrell CL, del Maestro RF (1987) Quantitative study of microvessel ultrastructure in human peritumoral brain tissue. J Neurosurg 67: 697 – 705

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  272. Strommer K, Hamou MF, Digelmann H, de Tribolet N (1989) Cellular and tumoral heterogeneity of EGFR gene amplification in human malignant gliomas. Int Nat J Cancer (submitted)

    Google Scholar 

  273. Studer S, de Tribolet N, Diserens AC, Gaide AC, Matthieu JM, Stavrou D (1985) Characterization of four human malignant glioma cell lines. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 66: 208 – 217

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  274. Suzumura A, Mezitis SGE, Gonatas NK, Silberberg DH (1987) MHC antigen expression on bulk isolated macrophage–microglia from newborn mouse brain: induction of la antigen expression by y–interferon. J Neuroimmunol 15: 263 – 278

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  275. Taetle R, Honeysett JM, Houston LL (1988) Effects of anti–epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor antibodies and an anti–EGF receptor recombinant– ricin A chain immunoconjugate on growth of human cells. JNCI 80: 1053 – 1059

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  276. Tai T, Cahan LD, Tsuchida T, Saxton RE, Irie RF, Morton DL (1985) Immunogenicity of melanoma–associated gangliosides in cancer patients. Int J Cancer 35: 607 – 612

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  277. Takahashi H, Herlyn D, Atkinson B, Powe J, Rodeck U, Alavi A, Bruce DA, Koprowski H (1987) Radioimmunodetection of human glioma xenografts by monoclonal antibody to epidermal growth factor receptor. Cancer Res 47: 3847 – 3850

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  278. Takakura K, Miki Y, Kudo O (1975) Adjuvant immunotherapy for malignant brain tumors in infants and children. Childs Brain 1: 141 – 147

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  279. Takakura K (1982) Effects of adjuvant immunotherapy with OK–432 on malignant glioma. Proceedings of 13th International Cancer Congress, Seattle

    Google Scholar 

  280. Takakura K (1987) Clinical trials of interferon (MR–21) on malignant brain tumors. J Jpn Soc Cancer Ther 22: 801 – 808

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  281. Takiguchi M, Ting JPY, Buessow SC (1985) Response of glioma cells to interferon–y: increase in class II RNA, protein and mixed lymphocyte reaction–stimulating activity. Eur J Immunol 15: 809 – 814

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  282. Tanaka N, Nagao S, Tohgo A, Sekiguchi F, Kohno M, Ogawa H, Matsui T, Matsutani M (1983) Effect of human fibroblast interferon on human gliomas transplanted into nude mice. Gann 74: 308 – 316

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  283. Thompson KM (1988) Human monoclonal antibodies. Immunology Today 9: 113 – 117

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  284. Topalian SL, Solomon D, Avis FP, Chang AE, Freerksen DL, Linehan WM, Lotze MT, Robertson CN, Seipp CA, Simon P, Simpson CG, Rosenberg SA (1988) Immunotherapy of patients with advanced cancer using tumor– infiltrating lymphocytes and recombinant interleukin–2: A pilot study. J Clin One 6: 839 – 853

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  285. Tripp CS, Wyche A, Unanue ER, Needleman P (1986) The functional significance of the regulation of macrophage la expression by endogenous arachidonate metabolites in vitro. J Immunol 137: 3915 – 3920

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  286. Trouillas P, Lapras C (1970) Immunotherapie active des tumeurs cerebrales. Neuro–Chirurgie 18: 143 – 170

    Google Scholar 

  287. Uadia P, Blair AH, Ghose T, Ferrone S (1985) Uptake of methotrexate linked to polyclonal and monoclonal antimelanoma antibodies by a human melanoma cell line. JNCI 74: 29 – 35

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  288. Uegaki M, Kobayashi S, Kuramoto S, Yokoyama M (1988) Lymphocyte subset in patients with brain tumors. J Neurooncol 6: 25 – 28

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  289. Unanue ER, Beller DI, Lu CY, Allen PM (1984) Antigen presentation: comments on its regulation and mechanism. J Immunol 132: 1 – 5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  290. Vanky F, Stuber G, Willems J, Sjowall K, Larsson B, Book K, Ivert T, Peterffy A, Klein E (1988) Importance of MHC antigen expression on solid tumors in the in vitro interaction with autologous blood lymphocytes. Cancer Immunol Immunother 27: 213 – 222

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  291. Vaughan AT, Anderson P, Daykes PW, Chapman CE, Bradwell AR (1987) Limitations to the killing of tumors using radiolabeled antibodies. Br J Radiol 60: 567 – 578

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  292. Vita JR, Edwalds GM, Gorey T, Housepian EM, Fetell MR, Guarini L, Langer JA, Fisher PB (1988) Enhanced in vitro growth suppression of human glioblastoma cultures treated with the combination of recombinant fibroblast and immune interferons. Anticancer Res 8: 297 – 302

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  293. Vollman AM, Banker DE, Mendelshon J (1987) The toxicity of ligand and antibody–directed ricin A chain conjugates recognizing epidermal growth factor receptor. J Cell Physiol 131: 418 – 425

    Google Scholar 

  294. Von Hanwehr RI, Hofman FM, Taylor CR, Phil D, Apuzzo MLJ (1984) Mononuclear lymphoid populations infiltrating the microenvironment of primary CNS tumors. Characterization of cell subsets with monoclonal antibodies. J Neurosurg 60: 1138 – 1147

    Google Scholar 

  295. Vose BM (1987) Activation of lymphocytes antitumor responses in man: effector heterogeneity and the search for immunomodulators. Cancer Met Rev 5: 299 – 312

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  296. Wahl SM, Hunt DA, Wong HL (1988) Transforming growth factor–p is a potent immunosuppressive agent that inhibits IL 1–dependent lymphocyte proliferation. J Immunol 140: 3026 – 3032

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  297. Wahlstrom T (1974) Sensitivity to normal brain antigens of blood lymphocytes from patients with gliomas. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 81: 763 – 767

    Google Scholar 

  298. Wahlstrom T, Linder E, Saksela E, Westermark B (1974) Tumor–specific membrane antigens in established cell lines from gliomas. Cancer 34: 274 – 279

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  299. Wainberg A, Israel E, Margolese RG (1982) Further studies on the mitogenic and immune–modulating effects of plasminogen activator. Pathology 45: 715 – 720

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  300. Werkmeister JA, Pross HF (1985) Studies on natural antibody–dependent, and interleukin–2–activated killer–cell activity of a patient with mucolipidosis III as a test of mannose–6–phosphate lytic acceptor hypothesis. J Clin Immunol 5: 228 – 238

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  301. West WH, Tauer KW, Yannelli JR, Marshall GD, Orr DW, Thurman GB, Oldhan RK (1987) Constant–infusion recombinant interleukin–2 in adoptive immunotherapy of advanced cancer. New Engl J Med 316: 898 – 905

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  302. Whiteside TL, Wang YL, Selker RG, Herberman RB (1988 a) In vitro generation and antitumor activity of adherent lymphokine–activated killer cells from the blood of patients with brain tumors. Cancer Res 48: 6069–6075

    Google Scholar 

  303. Whiteside TL, Heo DS, Takagi S, Johnson JT, Iwatsuki S, Herberman RB (1988 b) Cytolytic antitumor effector cells in long–term cultures of human tumor–infiltrating lymphocytes in recombinant interleukin–2. Cancer Immunol Immunother 26: 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  304. Wikstrand CJ, Bigner DD (1979) Surface antigens of human glioma cells shared with normal adult and fetal brain. Cancer Res 39: 3235 – 3243

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  305. Wikstrand CJ, Bigner SH, Bigner DD (1983) Demonstration of complex antigenic heterogeneity in a human glioma cell line and eight derived clones by specific monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Res 43: 3327 – 3334

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  306. Wikstrand CJ, McLendon RE, Carrel S, Kemshead JT, Mach J, Coakham HB, de Tribolet N, Bullard DE, Zalutsky MR, Bigner DD (1987) Comparative localization of glioma–reactive monoclonal antibodies in vivo in an a thymic mouse human glioma xenograft model. J Neuroimmunol 15: 37 – 56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  307. Williams TJ, Peck MJ (1977) Role of prostaglandin–mediated vasodilation in inflammation. Nature 270: 530 – 532

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  308. Woo DV, Brady LW, Herlyn DW, Takahashi H, Miyamoto C, Karlsson U, Dadpravar S, Koprowski H (1988) Radioimmunolocalization of human gliomas by a monoclonal antibody specific to epidermal growth factor receptor. Proceedings of ASCO 7: p83

    Google Scholar 

  309. Wood GW, Morantz RA (1983) Depressed T lymphocyte function in brain tumor patients: Monocytes as suppressor cells. J Neurooncol 1: 87 – 94

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  310. Woolsley RE, Mahaley MS, Mahaley JL, Miller GM, Brooks WH (1977) Immunology of primary intracranial tumors 3. Microcytotoxicity assays of specific immune responses of brain tumor patients. J Neurosurg 47: 871 – 855

    Google Scholar 

  311. Wrann M, Bodmer S, de Martin R (1987) T cell suppressor factor from human glioblastoma cells is a 12.5–kd protein closely related to transforming growth factor–p. EMBO 6: 1633 – 1636

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  312. Yamasaki T, Yamasaki J, Handa H, Watanabe Y, Namba Y, Hanaoka M (1984) Specific adoptive immunotherapy with tumor–specific cytotoxic T– lymphocyte clone for murine malignant gliomas. Cancer Res 44: 1776 – 1783

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  313. Yates AJ, Stephens RE, Elder PJ, Markowitz DL, Rice JM (1985) Effects of interferon and gangliosides on growth of cultured human glioma and fetal brain cells. Cancer Res 45: 1033 – 1039

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  314. Yates AJ, Collins JF, Elder PJ, Stephens RE (1988) Sialyltransferase–1 in a human malignant glioma cell line. J Neurooncol 6: 179 – 184

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  315. Yoshida S, Tanaka R, Takai N, Ono K (1988) Local administration of autologous lymphokine–activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin–2 to patients with malignant brain tumors. Cancer Res 48: 5011 – 5016

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  316. Youle RJ, Neville DM (1980) Anti–Thy 1.2 monoclonal antibody linked to ricin is a potent cell–type–specific toxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77: 5483 – 5486

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  317. Young HF, Sakalas R, Kaplan A (1976) Inhibition of cell–mediated immunity in patients with brain tumors. Surg Neurol 5: 19 – 23

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  318. Young H, Kaplan A, Regelson W (1977) Immunotherapy with autologous white cell infusions (“lymphocytes”) in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. A preliminary report. Cancer 40: 1037 – 1044

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  319. Yung KWA, Steck PA, Kelleher PJ, Moser RP, Rosemblum MG (1987) Growth inhibitory effect of recombinant a and (3 interferon on human glioma cells. J Neurooncol 5: 323 – 330

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  320. Zovickian J, Johnson YG, Youle RJ (1987) Potent and specific killing of human malignant brain tumor cells by an anti–transferrin receptor antibody– ricin immunotoxin. J Neurosurg 66: 850 – 861

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  321. Zovickian J, Youle RJ (1988) Efficacy of intrathecal immunotoxin therapy in an animal model of leptomeningeal neoplasia. J Neurosurg 68: 767 – 774

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  322. Zuber P, Accolla RS, Carrel S, Diserens AC, de Tribolet N (1988 a) Effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor–a on the surface phenotype and the growth of human malignant glioma cell lines. Int J Cancer 42:780–786

    Google Scholar 

  323. Zuber P, Kuppner MC, de Tribolet N (1988 b) Transforming growth factor– P 2 downregulates HLA–DR antigen expression on human malignant glioma cells. Eur J Immunol 18: 1623–1626

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Y. Sawamura & N. de Tribolet

Authors
  1. Y. Sawamura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. N. de Tribolet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. London, England

    L. Symon

  2. Gent, Belgium

    L. Calliauw

  3. Bordeaux, France

    F. Cohadon

  4. Rome, Italy

    B. Guidetti

  5. Homburg/Saar, Germany

    F. Loew

  6. Oslo, Norway

    H. Nornes

  7. Budapest, Hungary

    E. Pásztor

  8. Paris, France

    B. Pertuiset

  9. Southampton, England

    J. D. Pickard

  10. Zurich, Switzerland

    M. G. Yaşargil

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag/Wien

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sawamura, Y., de Tribolet, N. (1990). Immunobiology of Brain Tumors. In: Symon, L., et al. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery, vol 17. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6925-4_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6925-4_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-7436-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-6925-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation