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Pathogenesis of immune-mediated demyelination in the CNS

  • Conference paper
Advances in Research on Neurodegeneration

Part of the book series: Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa ((NEURAL SUPPL,volume 50))

Summary

Collective evidence from studies in the animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and pathological and immunological studies on MS patients suggest that this most common inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system results from primarily T-lymphocyte driven aberrant immune responses to a number of myelin and possibly non-myelin antigens. These include MBP, PLP, MOG, MAG, CNP and S 100. Autoreactive T-cells reactive with these antigens circulate in blood and upon activation can travel across the blood-brain-barrier to initiate a local immunoflammatory response provided they encounter a microglial cell that displays antigenic epitopes in the context of MHC class II gene products and accessory molecules. Demyelination probably results from antibody-induced complement activation. Repeated inflammatory episodes eventually exhaust the reparative capacities of oligodendrocytes and damage axons. As the disease evolves, an initialy focussed immune response may diversify due to a process termed epitope spreading. The initial event of T lymphocyte activation remains elusive, but molecular mimicry, cross-recognition of structures shared between microbes and myelin, appears to be crucial.

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  1. Prof. H.-P. Hartung

    Present address: Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 11, D-97080, Würzburg, Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany

    Prof. H.-P. Hartung & P. Rieckmann

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  1. Prof. H.-P. Hartung
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Würzburg, Germany

    P. Riederer

  2. Neurodegenerative Disorders Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    D. B. Calne

  3. Clinical Research, Schering AG, Berlin, Germany

    R. Horowski

  4. Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan

    Y. Mizuno

  5. Department of Neurology, University of Innsbruck, Austria

    W. Poewe

  6. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Technion — Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

    M. B. H. Youdim

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Hartung, HP., Rieckmann, P. (1997). Pathogenesis of immune-mediated demyelination in the CNS. In: Riederer, P., Calne, D.B., Horowski, R., Mizuno, Y., Poewe, W., Youdim, M.B.H. (eds) Advances in Research on Neurodegeneration. Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa, vol 50. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6842-4_17

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