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Assessment of neurotoxicity and “neuroprotection”

  • Conference paper
Advances in Research on Neurodegeneration

Part of the book series: Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa ((NEURAL SUPPL,volume 50))

Summary

Coronal brain slices allow the study of neurotoxicity and “neuroprotection” under conditions where the differentiation-state and interrelationships of the neurones and glial cells are closer to those occurring in the intact tissue than is the case for co-cultured cell systems. The involvement of glial cells in the excitotoxicity of kainate and the potentiation of this toxicity by inhibition of glutamine synthase can be demonstrated. Longer-term toxicity of kainate may also be compounded by depletion of glutathione levels resulting from inhibition of γ-glutamyleysteine synthase. The involvement of nitric oxide formation in the toxicity of N-methyl-D-aspartate can also be shown. The neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium can be readily demonstrated in coronal slice preparations. Taurine affords protection against this neurotoxicity. The possible mechanisms of these effects are considered in terms of the cyclic interrelationships between the different events which can lead to cell death.

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Author notes

  1. Dr. K. Tipton

    Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

    Muriel O’Byrne, Dr. K. Tipton & G. McBean

  2. Neurological Clinic, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    H. Kollegger

Authors
  1. Muriel O’Byrne
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  2. Dr. K. Tipton
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  3. G. McBean
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  4. H. Kollegger
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Würzburg, Germany

    P. Riederer

  2. Neurodegenerative Disorders Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    D. B. Calne

  3. Clinical Research, Schering AG, Berlin, Germany

    R. Horowski

  4. Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan

    Y. Mizuno

  5. Department of Neurology, University of Innsbruck, Austria

    W. Poewe

  6. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Technion — Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

    M. B. H. Youdim

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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Wien

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O’Byrne, M., Tipton, K., McBean, G., Kollegger, H. (1997). Assessment of neurotoxicity and “neuroprotection”. In: Riederer, P., Calne, D.B., Horowski, R., Mizuno, Y., Poewe, W., Youdim, M.B.H. (eds) Advances in Research on Neurodegeneration. Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa, vol 50. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6842-4_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6842-4_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-82898-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-6842-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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