Abstract
Modification of metal alkoxides with complexing agents, such as carboxylic acids, which act both as a catalyst and a ligand, is commonly used in sol-gel processing to alter the hydrolysis and condensation rates of the alkoxide. Hydrolysates produced by the reaction of modified tetraisopropyltitanate with water were X-ray-amorphous but exhibited spectra similar to the spectrum of rutile; broad bands assigned to the E g and A1g Ti-O stretching modes of the “rutile-like” phase were observed at ca. 425 and 605 cm-1, respectively. During peptization of the hydrolysate with nitric acid at 60 °C, the intensity of these bands decreased substantially, and new peaks appeared at 154, 405, 515 and 630 cm-1 which were assigned to the \( {\delta _{O - Ti - O}}({E_g}),{\delta _{O - Ti - O}}({B_{1g}}),{\nu _{Ti - O}}({A_{1g}}/{B_{1g}}) \) and \( {v_{Ti - O}}\left( {{E_g}} \right) \) modes, respectively, of anatase. However, the hydrolysates were also found to undergo a similar phase change when processed at the same temperature in the absence of peptizing agents, but the rate of transformation was slower. The carboxylic acid also had a significant influence on the induction time for the phase change, with the transformation occurring more slowly with increasing carboxylate chain length.
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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Wien
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Venz, P.A., Frost, R.L., Bartlett, J.R., Woolfrey, J.L., Wong, L.W.Y., Dutt, S.M. (1997). FT-Raman Spectroscopy of Modified Tetraisopropyltitanate Hydrolysates. In: Mink, J., Keresztury, G., Kellner, R. (eds) Progress in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Mikrochimica Acta Supplement, vol 14. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6840-0_47
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6840-0_47
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