Skip to main content

Cerebrolysin® reduces microglial activation in vivo and in vitro: a potential mechanism of neuroprotection

  • Conference paper
Advances in Dementia Research

Abstract

Neurotrophins, such as NGF, BDNF and NT-3 play a regulatory role on the function of microglial cells in vivo and in vitro, and the identification of new compounds with neurotrophic properties is becoming a new strategy for the prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study we describe the use of two different models to demonstrate the ability of Cerebrolysin® to reduce microglial activation. The results of these in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that Cerebrolysin® might exert a neuroimmunotrophic activity reducing the extent of inflammation and accelerated neuronal death under pathological conditions such as those observed in neurodegenerative diseases.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Álvarez XA, Franco A, Fernández-Novoa L, Cacabelos R (1996) Blood levels of histamine, IL-1β and TNF-α in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Chem Neuropathol 29: 237 – 252

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cacabelos R, Barquero M, García P, Álvarez XA, Varela de Seijas E (1991) Cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-lβ (IL-β) in Alzheimer’s disease and neurological disorders. Meth Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 13: 455 – 458

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cacabelos R, Álvarez XA, Fernández-Novoa L, Franco-Maside A, Mangues R, Pellicer A, Nishimura T (1994) Brain interleukin-lβ in Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Meth Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 16: 141 – 151

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis ES, Foster TD, Thomas WE (1994) Cellular forms and functions of brain microglia. Brain Res Bull 34: 73 – 78

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dickson DW, Mattiace LA, Kure K, Hutchins K, Lyman WD, Brosnan CF (1991) Biology of disease. Microglia in human disease, with an emphasis on acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Lab Invest 64: 135 – 155

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dickson DW, Lee SS, Mattiace LA, Yen SC, Brosnan C (1993) Microglia and cytokines in neurological disease, with special references to AIDS and Alzheimer’s disease. Glia 7: 75 – 83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fagarasan MO, Aisen PS (1996) IL-1 and anti-inflammatory drugs modulate A beta cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Brain Res 723: 231 – 234

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hauss Wegrzyniak B, Dobrzanski P, Stoehr JD, Wenk GL (1998) Chronic neuroinflammation in rats reproduces components of the neurobiology of Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res 780: 294 - 303

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawson LJ, Perry VH, Dri P, Gordon S (1990) Heterogeneity in the distribution and morphology of microglia in the normal adult mouse brain. Neuroscience 39: 151 – 170

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee GJ (1993) The possible contribution of microglia and macrophages to delayed neuronal death after ischemia. J Neurol Sci 114: 119 – 122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lombardi VRM, Garcia M, Cacabelos R (1998a) Microglial activation induced by factor(s) contained in sera from Alzheimer-related ApoE genotypes. J Neurosci Res 54: 539 – 553

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lombardi VRM, Maneiro E, Cacabelos R (1998b) Apoptosis in neurodegenerative dis-eases: The neuroimmune network. Neurogeront Neurogeriat 2: 105 – 124

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorton D, Kocsis JM, King L, Madden K, Brunden KR (1996) beta-Amyloid induces increased release of interleukin-1 beta from lipopolysaccharide-activated human monocytes. J Neuroimmunol 67: 21–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Maneiro E, Lombardi VRM, Cacabelos R (1996) Rat cell cultures: experimental model to study neurodegenerative disorders and new pharmacological compounds. Meth Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 18: 615 – 645

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maneiro E, Lombardi VRM, Cacabelos R (1998) Neuroimmune dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurogeront Neurogeriat 2: 77 – 104

    Google Scholar 

  • McGeer PL, Itagaki S, Boyes BE, McGeer EG (1988) Reactive microglia are positive for HLA-DR in the substancia nigra of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease brains. Neurology 38: 1285 – 1291

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meda L, Cassatella MA, Szendrei GI, Otvos L, Baron P, Villalba M, Ferrari D, Rossi F (1995) Activation of microglia cells by beta amyloid protein and interferon-gamma. Nature 374: 647 – 650

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miguel-Hidalgo JJ, Cacabelos R (1998) β-Amyloid(l-40)-induced neurodegeneration in the rat hippocampal neurons of the CA1 subfield. Acta Neuropathol 95: 455–465

    Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen KT, Deak T, Owens SM, Kohno T, Fleshner M, Watkins LR, Maier SF (1998) Exposure to acute stress induces brain interleukin-lbeta protein in the rat. J Neurosci 18: 2239 – 2246

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panegyres PK, Hughes J (1998) The neuroprotective effects of the recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist rhlL-lra after excitotoxic stimulation with kainic acid and its relationship to the amyloid precursor protein gene. J Neurol Sci 154: 123 – 132

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenwasser LJ (1998) Biologic activities of IL-1 and its role in human disease. J All Clin Immunol 102: 344 – 350

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sigurdsson EM, Lee JM, Dong XW, Hejna MJ, Lorens SA (1997) Bilateral injections of amyloid-beta 25-35 into the amygdala of young Fischer rats: behavioral, neurochemical, and time dependent histopathological effects. Neurobiol Aging 18: 591 – 608

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takao T, Nagano I, Tojo C, Takemura T, Makino S, Hashimoto K, De Souza EB (1996) Age-related reciprocal modulation of interleukin-lbeta and interleukin-1 receptors in the mouse brain-endocrine-immune axis. Neuroimmunomodulation 3: 205 – 122

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Dam AM, Poole S, Schultzberg M, Zavala F, Tilders FJ (1998) Effects of peripheral administration of LPS on the expression of immunoreactive interleukin-1 alpha, beta, and receptor antagonist in rat brain. Ann N Y Acad Sci 840: 128 – 138

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Willard LB, HaussWegrzyniak B, Wenk GL (1998) Pathological and biochemical consequences of acute and chronic neuroinflammation within the basal forebrain cholinergic system of rats. Neuroscience 88: 193 – 200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Windisch M, Gschanes A, Hutter-Paier B (1998) Neurotrophic activities and therapeutic experience with a brain derived peptide preparation. J Neural Transm [Suppl 53]: 289 – 298

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer-Verlag/Wien

About this paper

Cite this paper

Álvarez, X.A. et al. (2000). Cerebrolysin® reduces microglial activation in vivo and in vitro: a potential mechanism of neuroprotection. In: Jellinger, K., Schmidt, R., Windisch, M. (eds) Advances in Dementia Research. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6781-6_30

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6781-6_30

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-83512-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-6781-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics