Skip to main content

Chemisch neuartige Tranquilizer und Hypnotika

  • Chapter
Book cover Neuro-Psychopharmaka Ein Therapie-Handbuch

Zusammenfassung

Zur Gruppe der chemisch neuartigen Tranquilizer und Hypnotika können derzeit folgende Substanzklassen gezählt werden:

  1. 1.

    Azaspirodecandione

  2. 2.

    Imidazopyridine und

  3. 3.

    Cyclopyrrolone.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Alho H, Costa E, Ferrero P et al. (1985) Diazepam binding inhibitor: a neuropeptide located in selected neuronal populations of rat brain. Science 229: 179–182

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Armando I, Glover V, Sandler M (1986) Distribu-tion of endogenous benzodiazepine receptorligand-monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity (Tribulin) in tissues. Life Sci 38: 2063–2067

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bianchetti G, Dubruc C, Thiercelin JF et al. (1988) Clinical pharmacokinetics of zolpidem in various physiological and pathological conditions. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 155–163 (L.E.R.S. monograph series, vol 6)

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard JC (1983) Brain receptors and zopi-clone. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 59–69

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard JC (1988) The cyclopyrrolones: a new group of psychotropic drugs. Synapse 48: 1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard JC, Boireau A, Garret C et al. (1979) In vitro and in vivo inhibition by zopiclone of benzodiazepine binding to rodent brain receptors. Life Sci 24: 2417–2420

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Braestrup C, Nielsen M (1981) (3H)-Propyl-beta-carbolin-3-carboxylate as a selective radioli-gand for the BZ1 benzodiazepine subclass. J Neurochem 37: 33–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bullen W, Bivens DL, Gammans RE et al. (1985) The binding of buspirone to human proteins (abstracts). Proc 44: 4166

    Google Scholar 

  • Caccia S, Vigano GL, Migngard G et al. (1988) Clinical pharmacokinetics of oral buspirone in patients with impaired renal function. Clin Pharmacokinet 14: 171–177

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caille G, DuSouich P, Spenard J et al. (1984) Pharmacokinetics and clinical parameters of zopiclone and trimipramine when administered simultaneously to volunteers. Biophar-maceut Drug Dispos 5: 117–125

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crawley JN, Glowa JR, Majewska MD et al. (1986) Anxiolytic activity of an endogenous adrenal steroid. Brain Res 382–385

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalhoff K, Poulsen HE, Garred P et al. (1987) Buspirone pharmacokinetics in patients with cirrhosis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 24: 547–550

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Depoortere H (1985) A comparative EEG study of some benzodiazepine (BZD) and non-BZD sedative or hypnotic drugs. Pharmacopsych-iatry 18: 17–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Depoortere H, Decobert M, Granger P et al. (1986) Pharmaco-EEG study of some benzodiazepine (BZD) and non-BZD anxiolytichyp-notic drugs. In: Court L, Trocherie S, Doucet J (eds) Traitement du signal en electrophysio-logie clinique et experimentale. Edition du Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Tome 1, pp 427–442

    Google Scholar 

  • Doble A, Canton T, Piot W et al. (1992) The pharmacology of cyclopyrrolone derivates acting at the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor. In: Biggio G, Conas A, Costa E (eds) GABAer-gic synaptic transmission. Raven, New York, pp 407–418

    Google Scholar 

  • Eison AS, Temple DLJ (1986) Buspirone: review of its pharmacology and current perspectives on its mechanism of action. Am H Med 80: 1–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaillard JM (1992) Benzodiazepine receptor agonists: a comparative portrait. Upjohn, Ka-lamazoo

    Google Scholar 

  • Garattini S, Caccia S, Mennini T (1982) Notes of buspirone’s mechanisms of action. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 19–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gee KW, Yamamura HI (1982) A novel pyrazolo-quinoline that interacts with brain benzodiazepine receptors: characterization of some in vitro and in vivo properties of CGS 9896. Life Sci 30: 2245–2252

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • George P, Rossey G, Depoortere H et al. (1988) Zolpidem and related compounds: snytheses, physical properties and structure-activity relationships. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 11-23 (L.E.R.S. monograph series, vol 6)

    Google Scholar 

  • Goa KL, Ward A (1986) Buspirone. A preliminary review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy as an anxiolytic. Drugs 32: 114–129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg ME, Salama AI, Patel JB (1983) Novel non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics. Neurophar-macology 22: 1499–1504

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guinebault P, Dubruc C, Hermann P et al. (1986) High-performance liquid Chromatographie determination of zolpidem, a new sleep indu-cer, in biological fluids with fluorimetric detection. J Chromatogr 383: 206–211

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Julou L, Blanchard JC, Freyfuss JF (1985) Pharmacological and clinical studies of cyclopyrrolones: zopiclone and suriclone. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 23: 643–659

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kastenholz KV, Cbdrismon ML (1984) Buspirone, a novel nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic. Clin Pharm 3: 600–607

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lader M (1987) Assessing the potential for buspirone dependence or abuse and effects of its withdrawal. Am J Med 82: 20–26

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer SZ, Arbilla S (1988) Limitations of the benzodiazepine receptor nomenclature: a proposal for a pharmacolical classification as omega receptor subtypes. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2: 159–170

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langtry HD, Benfield B (1990) Zolpidem. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmaco-kinetic properties and therapeutic potential. Drugs 40: 291–313

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lippa AS, Coupet J, Greenblatt EN et al. (1979) A synthetic nonbenzodiazepine ligand for benzodiazepine receptors: a probe for investigating neuronal substrates of anxiety. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 11: 99–106

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marc-Aurele J, Caille G, Bourgouin J (1987) Comparison of zopiclone pharmacokinetics in patients with impaired renal function and normal subjects. Effect of haemodialysis. Sleep 10 [SuppI 1]: 22–26

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattila MJ, Aranko K, Seppala T (1982) Acute effects of buspirone and alcohol on psycho-motor skills. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 65–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayol RF, Adamson DS, Gammans RE et al. (1985) Pharmacokinetics and disposition of [C-14-buspirone HCI after intravenous and oral dosing in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther 37: 210

    Google Scholar 

  • Möhler H, Okada T (1977a) Benzodiazepine receptors-demonstration in the central nervous system. Science 198: 849–851

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Möhler H, Okada T (1977b) Properties of 3H-diazepam binding to benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebral cortex. Life Sci 20: 2101–2110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson AN (1986) Hypnotics: their place in therapeutics. Drugs 31: 164–176

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Niddam R, Dubois A, Scatton B et al. (1987) Autoradiographic localization of (3H)-zolpi-dem binding sites in the rat central nervous system. Comparison with the distribution of (3H)-flunitrazepam binding sites. J Neuro-chem 49: 890–899

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pacifici GM, Viani A, Rizzo G et al. (1988) Plasma protein binding of zolpidem in liver and renal insufficiency. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxi-col 26: 439–443

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pena C, Medina JH, Novas Ml et al. (1986) Isolation and identification cerebral cortex of n-butyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate, a potent binding inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci 83: 4952–4956

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petersen EN, Jensen LH, Honore T et al. (1984) ZK 91296, a partial agonist at benzodiazepine receptors. Psychopharmacology 83: 240–248

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riblet LA, Taylor DP, Eison MS et al. (1982) Pharmacology and neurochemistry of buspirone. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 11–18

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riblet LA, Eison AS, Eison MS et al. (1983) Buspirone: an anxioselective alternative for the management of anxiety disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 7: 663–668

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rickels K, Schweizer E, Csanalosi I et al. (1988) Long-term treatment of anxiety and risk of withdrawal. Prospective comparison of clor-azepate and buspirone. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45: 444–450

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rüther E, Clarenbach P, Hajak G et al. (1992) Zopiclon bei Patienten mit Schlafstörungen. Münch Med WOCHENSCHR 134: 753–757

    Google Scholar 

  • Sauvanet JP, Maarek L, Roger M et al. (1988) Open long-term trial with zolpidem in insomnia. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 339–349 (L.E.R.S. monograph series, vol 6)

    Google Scholar 

  • Squires RF, Braestrup C (1977) Benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain. Nature 266: 732–734

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schöllnhammer G (1992) Pharmacokinetics of the azapirones. In: Gastpar M et al. (eds) Serotonin 1A receptors in depression and anxiety. Raven Press, New York, pp 99–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Thenot JP, Hermann P, Durand A et al. (1988) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of zolpidem in various animal species and in humans. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven Press, New York, pp 139–153 (L.E.R.S. monograph series, vol 6)

    Google Scholar 

  • Trifiletti RR, Snyder SH (1984) Anxiolytic cy-clopyrrolones zopiclone and suriclone bind to a novel site linked allosterically to benzodi-azepines. Mol Pharmacol 26: 458–469

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wheatley D (1989) Zolpidem: a new imidazopy-ridine hypnotic. Psychopharmacol Bull 25: 124–127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wildmann J, Niemann J, Matthali H (1986) Endo-genous benzodiazepine receptor agonist in human and mammalian plasma. J Neural Transm 66: 151–160

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yokoyama N, Ritter B, Neubert AD (1982) Arylpyrazolo (4,3-c)-quinolin-3-ones: novel agonist, partial agonist and antagonist of benzodiazepines. J Med Chem 25: 337–339

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Bianchi G, Caccia S (1988) Simultaneous determination of buspirone, gepirone, ipsapirone and their common metabolite l-(2-pyrimidinyl) piperazine in rat plasma and brain by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chro-matogr 43:477–480

    Google Scholar 

  • Bullen W, Bivens DL, Gammans RE et al. (1985) The binding of buspirone to human plasma proteins. Fed Proc 44: 1123

    Google Scholar 

  • Caccia S, Vigano GL, Mingardi G, Garattini S, Gammans RE, Placchi M, Mayol RF, Pfeffer M (1988) Clinical pharmacokinetics of oral buspirone in patients with impaired renal function. Clin Pharmacokinet 14: 171–177

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caillé G, DU Souich P, Spenard J et al. (1984) Pharmacokinetics and clinical parameters of zopiclone and trimipramine when administered simultaneously to volunteers. Biophar-maceut Drug Dispos 5: 117–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dalhoff K, Poulsen HE, Garred P et al. (1987) Buspirone pharmacokinetics in patients with cirrhosis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 24: 547–550

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaillot J, Heusse D, Houghton DW et al. (1983) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of zopiclone. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 76–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaillot J, LE Roux Y, Houghton GW et al. (1987) Critical factors for pharmacokinetics of zopiclone in the elderly and in patients with liver and renal insufficiency. Sleep 10 [Suppl 1]: 7–21

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gammans RE, Mayol RF, Casten GP et al. (1982) Metabolic fate of (l4)C/(15)N-buspirone in man. Fed Proc 41: 1335

    Google Scholar 

  • Gammans RE, Mayol RF, Eison ME (1983) Concentration of buspirone and 1-pyrimidinylpipera-zine, a metabolite, in rat brain. Fed Proc 42: 377

    Google Scholar 

  • Gammans RE, Mayol RF, Mackenthun AV et al. (1985) The between buspirone bioavailability and dose in healthy subjects. Biopharm Drug Dispos 6: 139–145

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gammans RE, Mayol RF, Labudde JA (1986) Metabolism and disposition of buspirone. Am J Med 80 [Suppl 3B]: 41–51

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garattini S, Caccia S, Mennini T (1982) Notes of buspirone’s mechanisms of action. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 19–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guinebault P, Dubruc C, Hermann P et al. (1986) Highperformance liquid Chromatographic determination of zolpidem, a new sleep indu-cer, in biological fluids with fluorimetric detection. J Chromatogr 383: 206–211

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kastenholz KV, Crismon ML (1984) Buspirone, a novel nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic. Clin Pharm 3:600–607

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marc-Auréle J, Caille G, Bourgouin J (1987) Comparison of zopiclone pharmacokinetics in patients with impaired rena function and normal subjects. Effect of haemodialysis. Sleep 10 [Suppl 1]: 22–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Matheson I, Sande HA, Gaillot J et al. (1985) Zopiclone excretion in breast milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol 20: 290–291

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayol RF, Adamson DS, Gammans RE, La Budde JA (1985) Pharmacokinetics and disposition of [C-l4-buspirone HCI after intravenous and oral dosing in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther 37: 210

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson AN (1986) Hypnotics: their place in therapeutics. Drugs 31: 164–176

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pacifici GM, Viani A, Rizzo G et al. (1988) Plasma protein binding of zolpidem in liver and renal insufficiency. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxi-col 26: 439–443

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pacifici Gm, Bianchetti G, Viani A, Rizzo G, CARrai M (1989) Plasma protein binding of alpi-dem in healthy volunteers, in neonates and in liver or renal insufficiency. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 37: 29–32

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pons G, Francoual C, Guilet PH et al. (1989) Zolpidem excretion in breast milk. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 37: 245–248

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schöllnhammer G (1992) Pharmacokinetics of the azapirones. In: Gastpar M et al. (ed) Serotonin 1A receptors in depression and anxiety. Raven Press, New York, pp 99–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Thénot JP et al. (1988) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of zolipdem in various animal species and in humans. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven Press, New York, pp 139–153 (L.E.R.S. monograph series, vol 6

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandel S, Vandel B, Joanne C et al. (1988) Influence of ethnic origin on the clinical pharmacology of zolpidem. In: Sauvanet J, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven Press, New York, pp 390-391 (L.E.R.S. monograph series, vol 6)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wheatley D (1989) Zolpidem: a new imidazopy-ridine hypnotic. Psychopharmacol Bull 25: 124–127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Agnoli A, Manna V, Martucci N (1989) Doubleblind study on the hypnotic and antianxiety effects of zopiclone compared with nitrazepam in the treatment of insomnia. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 10: 277–281

    Google Scholar 

  • Arbilla S, Depoortere H, George P et al. (1985) Pharmacological profile of zolpidem at ben-zodiazepine receptors and electrocortico-grams in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 330: 248–251

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balster RL, Woolverton WL (1982) Intravenous buspirone self administration in rhesus monkeys. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 34–47

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beaupré A, Soucy R, Phillips R et al. (1988) Respiratory center output following zopiclone or diazepam administration in patients with pulmonary disease. Respiration 54: 235–240

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bensimon G, Warot D, Foret J et al. (1988) Residual effects of hypnotics: comparative study of zolpidem and flunitrazepam versus placebo. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, p 374

    Google Scholar 

  • Bensimon G, Foret J, Warot D et al. (1990) Daytime wakefulness following a bedtime oral dose of zolpidem 20 mg, flunitrazepam 2 mg and placebo. Br J Clin Pharmacol 30: 463–469

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Besset A, Billiard M, Tafti M et al. (1990) Effect of zolpidem on waking and sleeping in the poor sleeper. Polygraphic and psychometric study. In: Barthonil P (ed) Insomnia et imidazopyridines. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 231–232, 268-287

    Google Scholar 

  • Billiard M, Besset A, DE Lustrac C et al. (1987) Dose-response effects of zopiclone on night sleep and on night-time and daytime functioning. Sleep [Suppl 1] 10: 27–34

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Billiard M, Besset A, DE Lustrac C et al. (1989) Effects de la zopiclone sur le sommeil, la somnolence diurne et les peformances nocturnes et diurnes chez le volontaire sain. Neurophysiologie Clinique 19: 131–143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blois R, Gaillard JM (1983) The effects of zopiclone on some polygraphic and subjective aspects of normal human sleep. VII World Congress of Psychiatry, Vienna, July 11-15 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Blois R, Gaillard JM (1988) The effects of zolpidem on characteristics of normal human sleep. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 375–376

    Google Scholar 

  • Bond A, Lader M (1981) Comparative effects of diazepam and buspirone on subjective feelings, psychological tests and the EEG. Int Pharmacopsychiatry 16: 212–220

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bond A, Lader M (1983) Correlations among measures of response to benzodiazepines in man. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 18: 295–298

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borbely AA, Mattmann P, Loepfe M (1983) A single dose of benzodiazepine hypnotics alters the sleep EEG in the subsequent drug-free night. Eur J Pharmacol 89: 157–161

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borbely AA (1986a) Benzodiazepinhypnotika: Wirkungen und Nachwirkungen von Einzeldosen. In: Hippius H, Engel RR, Laakmann G (Hrsg) Benzodiazepine. Rückblick und Ausblick. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 96–100

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Borbely AA (1986b) Schlafmittel und Schlaf. Übersicht und therapeutische Richtlinien. Therap Umsch 43: 509–516

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borbely AA, Youmbi-BALDERER G, Jaggi-SCHWARZ K (1988) Zolpidem (10 mg and 20 mg): hypnotic action and residual effects after a single bedtime dose. In: Sauvanet J, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 205–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Borison RL, Albrecht JW, Diamond Bi (1990) Efficacy and safety of a putative anxiolytic agent: ipsapirone. Psychopharmacol Bull 26: 207–210

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boulenger JP, Squillace K, Simon P et al. (1989) Buspirone and diazepam: comparison of subjective, psychomotor and biological effects. Neuropsychobiology 22: 83–89

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Broekkamp CL, Berendesen HH, Jenck F et al. (1989) Animal models for anxiety and response to serotonergic drugs. Psychopathology 22 [Suppl 1]: 2–12

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Broadhurst A, Cushnaghan RC (1987) Residual effects of zopiclone (Imovane). Sleep [Suppl 1] 10: 48–53

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell RD, Grace MGA, Bourgouin J et al. (1987) Efficacy and safety of zopiclone in the treatment of insomnia. Curr Ther Res 42: 665–670

    Google Scholar 

  • Cashman JN, Power J, Jones RM (1987a) Assessment of a new hypnotic imidazo-pyridine (zolpidem) as oral premedication. Br J Clin Pharmacol 24: 85–92

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cashman JN, Power SJ, Jones RM et al. (1987b) Assessment of recovery from anesthesia: what tests should we use? Anesthesiology 67: 343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cashman JN, Power SJ (1989) An evaluation of tests of psychomotor function in assessing recovery following a brief anaesthesia. Ann Anaesthesiol Scand 33: 693–697

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cirignotta F, Mondini S, Zucconi M et al. (1988) Controlled polysomnographic study of the effects of benzodiazepine and non-benzodi-azepine hypnotics (zolpidem) in obstructive sleep apnea patients: preliminary results. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 297–304

    Google Scholar 

  • Cluydts R, DE Roeck J, Schotte C et al. (1985) Interrelation of daytime alertness, performance and nocturnal sleep in healthy volunteers. Sleep Res 14: 90

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole JO, Orzack MH, Beake B et al. (1982) Assessment of the abuse liability of buspirone in recreational sedative users. J Clin Psychiatry 43. 69–74

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coupez JM, Bachy C, Coupez-LOPINOT R et al. (1988) Study of the efficacy and safety of zolpidem compared with oxazepam in hospitalized patients with sleep disorders. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disoders. Raven, New York, pp 377–378

    Google Scholar 

  • Cudennec A, Decobert M, Depoortere H et al. (1988) The effects of an imidazopyridine hypnotic, zolpidem, on cerebral blood flow and metabolism in primates and rats. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 379–380

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis M, Cassella JV, Kehne JH (1988) Serotonin does not mediate anxiolytic effects of buspirone in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm: comparison with 8-OH-DPAT and ipsapirone. Psychopharmacology 94: 14–20

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Depoortere H (1985) A comparative EEG study of some benzodiazepine (BZD) and non-BZD sedative or hypnotic drugs. Pharmaco-psychiatry 18: 17–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Depoortere H, Granger P (1985) Differentiation of EEG sleep stages in the rat and the cat by automatic analysis. In: Kubicki S, Hermann WM (eds) Methods of sleep research. Fischer, Stuttgart, pp 37–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Depoortere H, Decobert M, Granger P et al. (1986a) Pharmaco-EEG study of some benzodiazepine (BZD) and non-BZD anxiolytic-hypnotic drugs. In: Court L, Trocherie S, Doucet J (eds) Traitement du signal en electrophysiologie clinique et expérimentale. Edition du Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Tome 1, pp 427–442

    Google Scholar 

  • Depoortere H, Zivkovic B, Lloyd KG et al. (1986b) Zolpidem, a novel non-benzodiaze-pine hypnotic. In: Neuropharmacological and behavioral effects. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 237: 649–658

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Depoortere H, Decobert M, Granger P et al. (1988) Pharmaco-EEG profile of zolpidem: an imidazopyridine hypnotic agent. In: Sauvant JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 81–96

    Google Scholar 

  • DE Vry J, Glaser T, Schuurman T et al. (1991) 5HTIA receptors in anxiety. In: Briley M, File SE (eds) New concepts in anxiety. MacMillan Press, London, pp 94–129

    Google Scholar 

  • Dolly F, Block A (1982) Effect of flurazepam on sleep-disordered breathing and nocturnal oxygen desaturation in asymptomatic subjects. JAMA 73: 239–243

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eison MS (1986) Lack of withdrawal signs of dependence following cessation of treatment or Ro 15-1788 administration to rats chronically treated with buspirone. Neuropsychobiolo-gy 16: 15–18

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elie R, Dechenes JP (1983) Efficacy and tolerance of zopiclone in insomniac geriatric patients. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 179–187

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Emeriau JP, Descamps A, Dechelotte P et al. (1988) Zolpidem and flunitrazepam: a multicenter trial in elderly hospitalized patients. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imida-zopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 317–326

    Google Scholar 

  • Feighner JP, Boyer WF (1989) Serotonin-IA an-xiolytics: an overview. Psychopathology 22: 21–26

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feuerstein C (1983) Etude polygraphique du sommeil de nuit après administration de zolpidem chez l’homme. Rapport interne, Grenoble (zitiert nach Synthelabo 1990)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleming JAE, Bourgouin J, Hamilton P (1988) A sleep laboratory evaluation of the long-term efficacy of zopiclone. Can J Psychiatry 33: 103–107

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fontaine R, Beaudry P, LE Morvan P et al. (1990) Zopiclone and triazolam in insomnia associated with generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled evaluation of efficacy and anxiety. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5:173–183

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gamzu ER (1988) Animal model studies of benzo-diazepine-induced amnesia. In: Hindmarch I, Ott H (eds) Benzodiazepine receptor ligands, memory and information processing. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 218–229

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Goa KL, Heel RC (1986) Zopiclone. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy as an hypnotic. Drug 32: 48–65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg ME, Salama AI, Patel JP et al. (1983) Novel non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics. Neu-ropharmacology 22: 1499–1504

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths A, Mercer A, Jones D et al. (1986) The effects of zolpidem, a novel hypnotic, on sac-cadic eye movements, psychomotor performance and mood in healthy male volunteers. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 59 [Suppl V]: 120

    Google Scholar 

  • Guilleminault C, Eldridge F, Dement W (1973) Insomnia with sleep apnea: a new syndrome. Science 181: 856–858

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haefely W (1986) Biological basis of drug-induced tolerance, rebound and dependence. Contribution of recent research on benzodi-azepines. Pharmacopsychiatry 19: 353–361

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herrmann TO, Kubicki ST, Wober W (1988) Zolpidem: a four-week pilot polysomno-graphic study in patients with chronic sleep disturbances. In: Sauvanet J, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 261–278

    Google Scholar 

  • Hindmarch I (1985) Residual effects of zopiclone on psychomotor performance. 1st International Conference on Recent Advances in Drug Treatment in Psychiatry, Montreux, October 6-11. Symposium: Zopiclone-an update

    Google Scholar 

  • Hindmarch I, Subhan Z (1985) Immediate and overnight effects of zopiclone 7,5 mg and ni-trazepam 5 mg with ethanol, on psychomotor performance and memory in healthy volunteers. First International Conference on Recent Advances in Drug Treatment in Psychiatry, Montreux, October 6-11 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Inoue Y, Komatsu K, Takata K et al. (1990) Comparison of zopiclone and flurazepam on sleep apnea in the elderly. World Federation of Sleep Research Societies Founding Congress, Cannes, September 21-25, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston AL, File SE (1988) Effects of ligands for specific 5-HT receptor sub-types in two animal tests of anxiety. In: Lader M (ed) Buspirone: a new introduction to the treatment of anxiety. Royal Society of Medicine Services, London New York, pp 31–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Joly D, Sanger DJ, Zivkovic B (1986) The effects of zolpidem, a new imidazopyridine hypnotic acting at benzodiazepine binding sites, on the acquisition of learned fear in mice. Psycho-pharmacology 89: 19

    Google Scholar 

  • Jovanovic VJ, Dreyfus JF (1983) Polygraphical sleep recordings in insomniac patients under zopiclone or nitrazepam. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 136–145

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Julou L, Bardone MC, Blanchard JC et al. (1983) Pharmacological studies on zopiclone. Pharmacology [Suppl 2] 27: 46–58

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Julou L, Blanchard JC, Dreyfus JF (1985) Pharmacological and clinical studies of cyclopyrro-lones: zopiclone and suriclone. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 23: 653–659

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kehne JH, Cassella JV, Davis M (1988) Anxiolytic effects of buspirone and gepirone in the fear potentiated startle paradigm. Psychopharma-cology 94: 8–13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koshorek G, Roehrs T, Sicklesteel J et al. (1988) Dose effects of zolpidem on transient insomnia. Sleep Res 17: 47

    Google Scholar 

  • Kummer J, Guendel L, Kyrein HJ et al. (1988) Sleep-EEG profile of elderly insomniacs during long-term treatment with zolpidem. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, p 381

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurtz D, Fillius B, Boningen C et al. (1988) Effects of zolpidem on the sleep of healthy elderly subjects: polysomnographic recording assessments and pharmacokinetics. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, p 382

    Google Scholar 

  • Lader M, Denney SC (1983) A double-blind study to establish the residual effects of zopiclone on performance in healthy volunteers. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 21]: 98–108

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lader M, Frcka G (1987) Subjective effects during administration and on discontinuation of zopiclone and temazepam in normal subjects. Pharmacopsychiatry 20: 67–71

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamphere JK, Roehrs TA, Zorick FJ et al. (1989) The dose effects of zopiclone. Hum Psychopharmacol 4: 41–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawlor BA, Hill JL, Radcliffe JL et al. (1992) A single oral dose challenge of buspirone does not affect memory processes in older volunteers. Biol Psychiatry 32: 101–103

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lebrault C, Chauvin M, Brusset A et al. (1989) Preoperative sedation with zolpidem, lorazepam and placebo: a random double-blind comparison. Anesthesiology 71: 300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levine S (1988) Buspirone: clinical studies in psychiatry. In: Lader M (ed) Buspirone: a new introduction to the treatment of anxiety. Royal Society of Medicine Services, London New York, pp 43–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Lilie J, Lahmeyer HW, Belzer LJ (1989) Effect of zolpidem on cognitive functioning and mood in insomniacs. Sleep Res 18: 122

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd KG, Levrier J, Ferrari P (1988) Comparison of zolpidem with diazepine hypnotics on respiratory function in the rat. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 383–384

    Google Scholar 

  • Lund R, Rüther E, Wober W et al. (1988) Effects of zolpidem (10 and 20 mg) lormetazepam, triazolam and placebo on night sleep and residual effects during the day. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PD (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 103–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Mamelak M, Scima A, Prive V (1983) Effects of zopiclone on the sleep of chronic insomniacs. Pharmacology [Suppl 2] 27: 156–164

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mamelak M, Buck L, Csima A et al. (1987) Effects of flurazepam and zopiclone on the performance of chronic insomniac patients: a study of ethanol-drug interaction. Sleep [Suppl 1] 10: 79–87

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manna V, Martucci N, Agnolo A (1988) Hypnotic and antianxiety effects of zopiclone vs nitraze-pam. Psychopharmacology 96 [Suppl]: 359

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattila MJ, Aranko K, Seppala T (1982) Acute effects of buspirone and alcohol on psycho-motor skills. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 56–60

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meltzer HY, Fleming R, Robertson A (1983) The effect of buspirone on prolactin and growth hormone secretion in man. Arch Gen Psychiatry 40: 1099–1102

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Merlotti L, Roehrs T, Koshorek G et al. (1989) The dose effects of zolpidem on the sleep of healthy normals. J Clin Psychopharmacol 9: 9–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Molle JP, Quarre JP, Gilbert P et al. (1991) Influence of zopiclone on nocturnal oxygene saturation in patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. World Federation of Sleep Research Societies Founding Congress, Cannes, September 21-25, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  • Monti JM (1989) Effect of zolpidem on sleep in insomniac patients. Eur Clin Pharmacol 36: 461–466

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morselli PL, Larribaud J, Guillet PH et al. (1988) Daytime residual effects of zolpidem: a review of available data. In: Sauvanet JF, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, ew York, pp 183–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Moskowitz H, Smiley A (1982) Effects of chronically administered buspirone and diazepam on driving-related skills performance. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 45–55

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muir JF, Defouilloy C, Broussier P et al. (1990) Comparative study of the effects of zopiclone and placebo on respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive respiratory insufficiency. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5 [Suppl 2]: 85–94

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Musch B, Bianchi M (1988) Lack of rebound effects and withdrawal symptoms with zopiclone: a review of 26 clinical studies. Psychopharmacology [Suppl 96: 174–174

    Google Scholar 

  • Naef MM, Forster A, Nahory A et al. (1989) Flu-mazenil antagonizes the sedative action of zolpidem, a new imidazopyridine hypnotic. Anesthesiology 71: 297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ngeb CC, Hassan R (1990) A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of zopiclone 7,5 mg and temazepam 20 mg in insomnia. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5: 165–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson AN, Stone BM (1983) Zopiclone: sleep and performance studies in healthy man. Pharmacology [Suppl 2] 27: 92–97

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson AN, Pascoe PA (1986) Hypnotic activity of an imidazopyridine (Zolpidem). Br J Clin Pharmacol 21: 205–211

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson AN, Stone BM (1987) Efficacy of zopiclone in middle age. Sleep 10 [Suppl 1]: 35–39

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson AN, Pascoe PA (1988) Hypnotic activity of zolpidem: night-time and day-time studies in young and middle-aged adults. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 231–240

    Google Scholar 

  • O’boyle CA (1988) Caffeine antagonism of the central effects of zopiclone and nitrazepam in man. Br J Clin Pharmacol 26: 621–622

    Google Scholar 

  • O’hanlon JF, Volkerts ER (1986) Hypnotics and actual driving performance. Acta Psychiatr Scand 74 [Suppl 332]: 95–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ongini E (1983) Behavioral and EEG effects of benzodiazepines and their antagonists in the cat. In: Biggio G, Costa E (eds) Benzodiazepines recognition site ligands: biochemistry and pharmacology. Raven, New York, pp 211–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Oswald I (1980) Sleep as a restorative process: human clues. Prog Brain Res 53: 279–288

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oswald I, Adam K (1988) A new look at shortacting hypnotics. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disoders. Raven, New York, pp 253–259

    Google Scholar 

  • Pahud J, Forster A, Gamulin Z et al. (1988) Preoperative sedation with zolpidem, midazolam and placebo: a randomized double-blind comparison. Anesthesiology 69: 555

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pecknold J, Wilson R, LE Moran P (1990) Longterm efficacy and withdrawal of zopiclone: a sleep laboratory study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5 [Suppl 2]: 57–67

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quadens OP, Hoffman G, Buytaert G (1983) Effects of zopiclone as compared to flurazepam on sleep in women over 40 years of age. Pharmacology [Suppl 2] 27: 146–155

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ranlov PJ, Nielsen SP (1987) Effect of zopiclone and diazepam on ventilatory response in normal human subjects. Sleep 10 [Suppl 1]: 40–47

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Riblet LA, Eison AS, Eison MS et al. (1983) Buspirone-a new anxioselective alternative. Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 7: 663–668

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riblet LA, Eison AS, Eison MS et al. (1984) Neuropharmacology of buspirone. Psychopathology 17: 69–78

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rizzo PA, Fattapposta F, Sanarelli L et al. (1988) Zolpidem: a double-blind study on sleep quality and contingent negative variation. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, p 388

    Google Scholar 

  • Roger M, Dallot JY, Salmon O et al. (1988) Hypnotic effect of zolpidem in geriatric patients: a dose-finding study. In: Sauvanet J, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 279–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanger DJ, Joly D (1985) Anxiolytic drugs and the acquisition of conditioned fear in mice. Psychopharmacology 85: 284–288

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanger DJ, Zivkovic B (1986) The discriminative stimulus propertics of zolpidem, a novel imidazopyridine hypnotic. Psychopharmacology 89: 317–322

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanger DJ, Zivkovic B (1987) Investigation of the development of tolerance to the action of zolpidem and midazolam. Neuropharmacology 26: 1513–1518

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanger DJ, Zivkovic B (1988) Further behavioural evidence for the selective sedative action of zolpidem. Neuropharmacology 27: 1125–1130

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanger DJ, Joly D, Zivkovic B (1986) Effects of zolpidem, a new imidazopyridine hypnotic, on the acquisition of conditioned fear in mice. Comparison with triazolam and CL 281, 872. Psychopharmacology 90: 207–210

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanger DJ, Joly D, Zivkovic B (1988) The behavioural pharmacology of zolpidem: comparison with other compounds acting at the benzodiazepine receptor. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 111–121

    Google Scholar 

  • Scharf MB, Kaffeman M, Rodgers L et al. (1988) Single dose tolerance study of zolpidem. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 175–181

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlich D, Heritier CL, Coquelin JP et al. (1991) Long-term treatment of insomnia with zolpidem: a multicenter general practitioner study of 107 patients. J Int Med Res 19: 271–279

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit MA (1984) Clinical studies of buspirone. Psychopathology 17: 61–68

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schweizer E, Rickels K, Lucki I (1986) Resistence to the antianxiety effect of buspirone in patients with a history of benzodiazepine use. N Engl J Med 314: 719–720

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scidel W, Ball S, Cohen S et al. (1984) Daytime alertness in relation to mood, performance and nocturnal sleep in chronic insomniacs and non-complaining sleepers. Sleep 7: 582–594

    Google Scholar 

  • Scidel WF, Cohen SA, Bliwise NG et al. (1985) Buspirone: an anxiolytic without sedative effect. Psychopharmacology 87: 371–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seppala T, Nuotto E, Dreyfus JF (1982) Zopiclone and flunitrazepam in healthy subjects: hypnotic activity, residual effects on performance and combined effects with alcohol. Drugs Exp Clin Res 8: 35–47

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw SH (1988) Double-blind, comparative study of zolpidem and placebo in the treatment of insomnia in elderly psychiatric in-patients. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, p 389

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw SH, Tcurson H, Coquelin JP (1992) A double-blind, comparative study of zolpidem and placebo in the treatment of insomnia in elderly psychiatric in-patients. J Int Med Res 20: 150–161

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smiley A, Moskowitz H (1986) Effects of longterm administration of buspirone and diazepam on driver steering control. Am J Med 80: 22–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer DG JR, Traber J (1987) The interoceptive discriminative stimuli induced by the novel putative anxiolytic TVX Q 7821: behavioral evidence for the specific involvement of serotonin 5-HT1A receptors. Psychopharmacology 91: 25–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subhan Z, Hindmarch I (1984) Effects of zopiclone and benzodiazepine hypnotics on search in short-term memory. Neuropsychobiology 12: 244–248

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terzano MG, Parrino L, Fioriti G et al. (1988) The cyclic alternating pattern rate: a sleep variable sensitive to environmental modifications. A controlled study utilizing white noise and zolpidem. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 219–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiébot MH (1985) Some evidence for amnesiclike effects of benzodiazepines in animals. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 9: 95–100

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tiberge M, Calvet U, Khayi N et al. (1988) Com parison of the effects of zopiclone and triazolam on sleep in healthy subjects. Encephale 14: 319–324

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tunnicliff G, Eison AS (1991) Clinical pharmacology of buspirone action. In: Tunnicliff G, Eison AS, Taylor DP (eds) Buspirone-mechanisms and clinical aspects. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 19–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Ueki S (1987) Behavioral pharmacology of zopiclone. Sleep [Suppl 1] 10: 16

    Google Scholar 

  • Ueki S, Yamamoto T, Kataoka Y et al. (1983) Behavioral effects of zopiclone, a cyclopyrro lone derivative. 7th World Congress of Psychiatry, Vienna, July 11-15, 1983

    Google Scholar 

  • Vermeeren A, Declerk AC, Kho L et al. (1990) Zolpidem’s effects on sleep, memory and driving versus those of flunitrazepam, placebo and partial sleep deprivation. 1st Conference–Congress of European Sleep Research Society, Strasbourg, France, May 21, 1990 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogel G, Thurmond A, Macintosh W et al. (1988) The effects of zolpidem on transient insomnia. Sleep Res 17: 67

    Google Scholar 

  • Volkerts ER, O’hanlon JF (1985) Residual effect of prescribed hypnotics upon actual driving performance. Tijdschr Ther Genees Onderz 10: 919–928

    Google Scholar 

  • Volkerts ER, O’hanlon JF (1988) Residual effects on real car driving performance: zopiclone versus flunitrazepam and nitrazepam. Tijdschr Ther Genees Onderz 13: 111–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh JK, Schweitzer PK, Mushlbach MJ et al. (1988) Experimental phase-advance as a model of transient insomnia and effects of zolpidem. Sleep Res 17: 267

    Google Scholar 

  • Warot D, Bensimon G, Danjou PH et al. (1985) Effects of two hypnotics (zopiclone, triazolam) and placebo on mnemonic and psychomotor performance. J Pharmacol 16: 538

    Google Scholar 

  • Weintraub M, De LOIVEIRA G, Moscucci M et al. (1988) A two-night preference technique for assessing the dose response and efficacy of hypnotics in insomniac patients. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 241–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Weissmann BA, Barrett JE, Brady LS et al. (1984) Behavioral and neurochemical studies on the anticonflict actions of buspirone. Drug Dev Res 4: 83–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wheatley D (1988) Zolpidem and placebo: a study in general practice in patients suffering from insomnia. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 305–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Wickstrom E, Giercksky E (1980) Comparative study of zopiclone, a novel hypnotic, and three benzodiazepines. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1: 93–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wickstrom E, Godtlibsen OB, Bredesen JE et al. (1988) Performance and mood following partial sleep deprivation: a randomized, double-blind crossover study of zopiclone, triazolam, flunitrazepam, ethanol and placebo. Hum Psychopharmacol 3: 3–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wildschiodtz G, Gynning B (1991) The effect of zopiclone on sleep in patients with mild sleep apnea. World Federation of Sleep Research Societies, Founding Congress, Cannes, pp 21–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Yanagita T (1983) Dependence potential of zopiclone studies in monkeys. Pharmacology 17 [Suppl 2]: 216–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zambotti F, Zonta N, Hafner B et al. (1986) Modification of GABA turnover in the striatum and hippocampus of the rat after zopiclone. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 335: 547–550

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambotti F, Zonta N, Tammiso R et al. (1987) Zopiclone potentiates the antinociceptive effect of morphine in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 336: 526–529

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zivkovic B, Perrault G, Morel E et al. (1988) Comparative pharmacology of zolpidem and other hypnotics and sleep inducers. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 97–109

    Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Arbilla S, Depoortere H, George P et al. (1985) Pharmacological profile of zolpidem at benzodiazepine receptors and electrocorticograms in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 330: 248–251

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arbilla S, Allen J, Wick A et al. (1986) High affinity (3H)-zolpidem binding in the rat brain: an imidazopyridine with agonist properties at central benzodiazepine receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 130: 257–263

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Basse-Tomusk A, Rebec GV (1986) Ipsapirone depresses neuronal activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus and the hippocampal formation. Eur J Pharmacol 130: 141–143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benavides J, Peny B, Dubois A et al. (1988) In vivo interaction of zolpidem with central benzodi-azepine (BZD) binding sites (as labelled by (3H)Ro 15-1788) in the mouse brain. Preferential affinity of zolpidem for the ω1 (B2D1) subtype. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 245: 1033–1041

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Biggio G, Costa E (1983) Benzodiazepine recognition site ligands. Biochemistry and pharmacology. Raven, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Biggio G, Concas A, Corda MG (1989) Enhancement of GABA-ergic transmission by zolpidem, an imidazopyridine with preferential affinity for type-1 benzodiazepine receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 161: 173–180

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard JC, Julou L (1983) Suriclone: a new cyclopyrrolone derivative recognizing receptors labelled by benzodiazepines in rat hippocampus and cerebellum. J Neurochem 40: 601–607

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard JC, Boireau A, Garrett C et al. (1979) In vitro and in vivo inhibition by zopiclone of benzodiazepine binding to rodent brain receptors. Life Sci 24: 2417–2420

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard JC, Zundel JL, Julou L (1983) Differences between cyclopyrrolones (suriclone and zopiclone) and benzodiazepines binding to rat hippocampus photolabelled membranes. Biochem Pharmacol 32: 3651–3653

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Braestrup C, Squires R (1977) Specific benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain characterized by high affinity 3H-diazepam binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 3804–3809

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braestrup C, Schmiedchen R, Nielsen R et al. (1983) Benzodiazepine receptor ligands, receptor occupancy, pharmacological effect and GABA receptor coupling. In: Usdin E, Skolinik P, Tallmann JF, Greenblatt D, Paul S (eds) Pharmacology of benzodiazepines. Chemie Verlag, Weinheim, pp 71–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell JL, Sherman AD, Petty F (1980) Diazepam anxiolytic activity in hippocampus. J Commun Psychopharmacol 4: 387–392

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carli M, Pronteaa C, Samanin R (1989) Evidence that central 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurones are involved in the anxiolytic activity of buspirone. Br J Pharmacol 96: 829–836

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Costall B, Domeney AM, Naylor RJ (1983) Stimulation of rat spontaneous locomotion by low doses of haloperidol and (−)sulpiride: importance of animal selection and measurement technique. Eur J Pharmacol 90: 307–314

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Critchley MAE, Handley SL (1989) Dorsal raphelesions abolish effects of 8-OH-DPAT and ipsapirone in the X-maze. Br J Pharmacol 96: 309–309

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis M, CASSELLAJV, Kehne JH (1988) Serotonin does not mediate anxiolytic effects of buspirone in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm: comparison with 8-OH-DPAT and ipsapirone. Psychopharmacology 94: 14–20

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De SOUZA RJ, Goodwin GM, Green AR et al. (1986) Effect of chronic treatment with 5HT 1 agonist (8-OH-DPAT and RU 24969) and antagonist (isapirone) drugs on the behavioural responses of mice to 5HT 1 and 5HT2 agonists. Br J Pharmacol 89: 377–384

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis T, Dubois A, Benavides J et al. (1988) Distribution of central W1 (benzodiazepine1) and w2 (benzodiazepine2) receptor subtypes in the monkey and human brain. An auto-radiographic study with (3H) zolpidem and the wl, selective ligand (3H) flunitrazepam. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 247: 309–322

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dompert WV, Glaser T, Traber J (1985) 3H-TVX Q 7821: identification of 5HT1 binding sites as a target of a novel putative anxiolytic. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 328: 467–470

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eison AS, Eison MS, Stanley M et al. (1986) Serotonergic mechanisms in the behavioral effects of buspirone and gepirone. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 24: 701–707

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elliott PJ, Walsh DM, Close SP et al. (1990) Behavioral effects of serotonin agonists and antagonists in the rat and marmoset. Neuro-pharmacology 29: 949–956

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Engel JA, Hjorth S, Svensson K et al. (1984) Anticonflict effect of the putative serotonin receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2 (di-n-propyl-amino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). Eur J Pharmacol 105: 365–368

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez-Guasti A, Lopez-Rubalcava C (1990) Evidence for the involvement of the 5HT1A receptor in the anxiolytic action of indorenate and ipsapirone. Psychopharmacology 101: 354–358

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • File SE, Hyde JRG (1977) The effects of p-chloro-phenylalanine and ethanolamine-O-sulfate in an animal test of anxiety. J Pharm Pharmacol 29: 735–738

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fritze J (1990) Anxiety. In: Riederer P, Kopp N, Pearson J (eds) An introduction to neurotransmission in health and disease. Oxford University Press, Oxford New York Tokyo, pp 289–302

    Google Scholar 

  • Geller I, Blum K (1970) The effects of 5HTP or parachlorophenylalanine (pCPA) attenuation of conflict behavior. Eur J Pharmacol 9: 319–324

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geller I, Hartmann RJ, Croy DJ (1974) Attenuation of conflict behavior with cinanserin, a serotonin antagonist: reversal of the effect with 5-hydroxytryptophan and methyltrypt-amine. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 7: 165–174

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser T, Traber J (1983) Buspirone: action on serotonin receptors in calf hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol 88: 137–138

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser T, Rath M, Traber J et al. (1985) Autoradiographic identification and topographical analysis of high affinity serotonin receptor subtypes as a target of the novel putative anxiolytic TVX Q 7821. Brain Res 358: 129–136

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin GM, Desouzza RJ, Green AR (1986) The effects of a 5HT1 receptor ligand ipsapiron (TVX Q 7821) on 5HT synthesis and the behavioral effects of 5HT agonists in mice and rats. Psychopharmacology 89: 382–387

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graeff FG, Silveira-Filho NG (1978) Behavioral inhibition induced by electrical stimulation of the median raphe nucleus of the rat. Physiol Behav 21: 477–484

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grant SJ, Huang YH, Redmond DE (1980) Benzo-diazepines attenuate single unit activity in the locus coeruleus. Life Sci 27: 2231–2236

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Green S, Hodges H (1986) Differential effects of dorsal raphe lesions and intraraphe GABA and benzodiazepines on conflict behavior in rats. Behav Neural Biol 46: 13–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haefely WE (1989) Pharmacology of the allo-steric modulation of GABA-A receptors by benzodiazepine receptor ligands. In: Barnard EA, Costa E (eds) Allosteric modulation of amino acid receptors: therapeutic implications. Raven Press, New York, pp 476–479

    Google Scholar 

  • Hjorth S, Magnusson T (1988) The 5HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT preferentially activates cell body 5HT autoreceptors in the rat brain in vivo. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 338: 463–471

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jenner P, Marsden CD (1981) Possible neuronal mechanisms involved in the production of the disinhibitory action of sulpiride. Adv Biol Psychiatry 7: 100–102

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalosa K, Fusi R, Garattini S et al. (1982) Neuro-chemical effects of buspirone, a novel psy-chotropic drug, on the central cholinergic system. J Pharm Pharmacol 34: 314–317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kilts CD, Commissaris RL, Cordon JJ et al. (1982) Lack of central 5-hydroxytryptamine influence on the anticonflict activity of diazepam. Psychopharmacology 78: 156–164

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klepner CA, Lippa AS, Benson DI et al. (1979) Resolution of two biochemically and phar-macologically distinct benzodiazepine receptors. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 11: 457–462

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kostowski W, Plaznik A, Stefanski R (1989) Intrahippocampal buspirone in animal models of anxiety. Eur J Pharmacol 168: 393–396

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer SZ, Arbilla S (1988) Limitations of the benzodiazepine receptor nomenclature: a proposal for a pharmacological classification as omega receptor subtypes. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2: 159–170

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer SZ, Arbilla S, Scatton B et al. (1988) Receptors involved in the mechanism of action of zolpidem. In: Sauvanet J, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 55–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsson LG, Renyi L, Ross SB et al. (1990) Different effects on the responses of functional pre-and postsynaptic 5HT1A receptors by repeated treatment of rats with the 5HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT. Neuropharmacology 29: 85–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laurent JP, Mangold M, Humbel U et al. (1983) Reduction by two benzodiazepines and pentobarbitone of the multiunit activity in sub-stantia nigra, nucleus locus coeruleus and nucleus raphe dorsalis of encephale isole rats. Neuropharmacology 22: 501–511

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu HJ, Sato K, Shih HC et al. (1985) Pharmacologic studies of the central action of zopiclone: effects on locomotor activity and brain monoamines in rats. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 23: 121–128

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd KG, Zivkovic B (1988) Speficity within the GABAA-receptor supramolecular complex: a consideration of the new W1receptor selective imidazopyridine hypnotic zolpidem. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 29: 781–783

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsden CA, Martin KF (1986) Involvement of 5HT1A and α2-receptors in the decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine release and metabolism in rat suprachiasmatic nucleus after intravenous 8-hydroxy-2-(n-dipropylamino)-tetralin. Br J Pharmacol 89: 277–286

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin IL, Brown CL, Doble A (1983) Multiple benzodizepine receptors: structures in the brain of structures in the mind. A critical review. Life Sci 32: 1925–1933

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattila MJ, Aranko K, Seppala T (1982) Acute effects of buspirone and alcohol on psychomotor skills. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 56–60

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mcmillen BA, Scott SM, Davanzo EA (1988) Reversal of neuroleptic-induced catalepsy by novel arylpiperazine anxiolytic drugs. J Pharm Pharmacol 40: 885–887

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mereu G, Carcangiu G, Concas A et al. (1990) Reduction of reticulata neuronal activity by zolpidem and alpidem, two imidazopyridines with high affinity for type 1 benzodiazepine receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 179: 339–346

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Middlemiss DN, Fozard JR (1983) 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetralin discriminates between subtypes of the 5-HT1 recognition site. Eur J Pharmacol 90: 151–153

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Möhler H, Okada T (1977a) Benzodiazepine receptor: demonstration in the central nervous system. Science 198: 849–851

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Möhler H, Okada T (1977b) Properties of 3H-diazepam binding to benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebral cortex. Life Sci 20: 2101–2110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Müller WE (1982) Molekularer Wirkungsmechanismus der Benzodiazepine. Münch Med Wochenschr 124: 879–883

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller WE (1986) Die Wirkung der Benzodiazepine auf neuronaler Ebene. In: Hippius H, Engel RR, Laakmann G (Hrsg) Benzodiazepine. Rückblick und Ausblick. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 1–10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Nag Y J, Zambo K, Decsi L (1979) Antianxiety action of diazepam after intraamygdaloid application in the rat. Neuropharmacology 18: 573–576

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Niddam R, Dubois A, Scatton B et al. (1987) Autoradiographic localization of 3H-zolpidem binding sites in the rat central nervous system. Comparison with the distribution of 3H-Flu-nitrazepam binding sites. J Neurochem 49: 890–899

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peroutka SJ (1988) 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor subtypes: molecular biochemical and physiological characterization. Trends Neurosci 11: 496–500

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pich EM, Samanin R (1986) Disinhibitory effects of buspirone and low doses of sulpiride and haloperidol in two experimental anxiety models in rats: possible role of dopamine. Psychopharmacology 89: 125–130

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riblet LA, Eison AS, Eison MS et al. (1983) Buspirone — a new anxioselective alternative for the management of anxiety disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry: 663–668

    Google Scholar 

  • Riblet LA, Eison AS, Eison MS et al. (1984) Neuropharmacology of buspirone. Psychopathol-ogy 17: 69–78

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robichaud RC, Sledge KL (1969) The effects of p-chlorophenylalanine on experimentally induced conflict in the rat. Life Sci 8: 965–969

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson SE (1983) Effect of specific serotonergic lesions on cholinergic neurons in the hippo-campus cortex and striatum. Life Sci 32: 345–353

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanghera MK, German DC (1983) The effect of benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics on locus coeruleus unit activity. J Neural Transm 57: 267–279

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sato K, Hong YL, Yang MS et al. (1985) Pharmacologie studies of central actions of zopiclone: influence on brain monoamines in rats under stressful condition. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 23: 204210

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlegel JR, Peroutka SJ (1986) Nucleotide interactions with 5-HT1A binding sites directly labeled by 3-H-8-hydroxy 2-(di-n-propylami-no)-tetralin (3-H8-OH-DPAT). Biochem Pharmacol 35: 1943–1949

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Segal M (1979) Serotonergic innervation of the locus coeruleus from the dorsal raphe and its action on responses to noxious stimuli. J Physiol 286: 401–415

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shephard RA, Buxton DA, Broadhurst PL (1982) Drug interactions do not support reduction in serotonin turnover as the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines. Neuropharmacology 21: 1027–1032

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sieghart W (1986) Wechselwirkung von Benzodiazepinagonisten, Antagonisten und inversen Agonisten mit dem Benzodiazepinrezeptor. In: Hippius H, Engel RR, Laakmann G (Hrsg) Benzodiazepine. Rückblick und Ausblick. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 11–16

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Smith LM, Peroutka SJ (1986) Differential effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A selective drugs on the 5-HT behavioral syndrome. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 24: 1513–1519

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sprouse JS, Aghajanian GK (1986) Propranolol blocks the inhibition of serotonergic dorsal raphe cell firing by 5-HT-1A selective agonists. Eur J Pharmacol 128: 295–298

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Squires RF, Braesrup C (1977) Benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain. Nature 266: 732–734

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stein L, Wise CD, Berger BD (1973) Antianxiety action of benzodiazepines: decrease in activity of serotonin neurons in the punishment system. In: Garattini S, Mussini E, Randall LO (eds) The benzodiazepines. Raven Press, New York, pp 299–326

    Google Scholar 

  • Trifiletti RR, Snyder SH (1984) Anxiolytic cyclopyrrolones zopiclone and suriclone bind to a novel site linked allosterically to benzodiazepine receptors. Mol Pharmacol 26: 458–469

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Maelen CP, Matheson GK, Wilderman RC et al. (1986) Inhibition of serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons by systemic and iontophoretic administration of buspirone, a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic drug. Eur J Pharmacol 129: 123–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtshafter D, Asin KE (1981) Shock-induced suppression of drinking following electrolytic median raphe lesions. Physiol Psychol 9: 263–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambotti F, Zonta N, Hafner B et al. (1987) Modification of G ABA turnover in the striatum and hippocampus of the rat after zopiclone. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 335: 547–550

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zivkovic B, Perrault G, Morel E et al. (1988) Comparative pharmacology of zolpidem and other hypnotics and sleep inducers. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 97–109

    Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Andrade R, Nicoll RA (1987) Novel anxiolytics discriminate between postsynaptic serotonin receptors mediating different physiological responses on single neurons of the rat hippocampus. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 336: 5–10

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Basse-Tomusk A, Rebec GV (1986) Ipsapirone depresses neuronal ativity in the dorsal raphe nucleus and the hippocampal formation. Eur J Pharmacol 130: 141–143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blier P, Montigny C (1990) Electrophysiological investigation of the adaptive response of the 5-HT system to the administration of 5-HT1A receptor agonists. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 15: 42–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Bockaert J, Dumuis A, Boukelal R, Sebben M, Cory RN (1987) Piperazine derivatives including the putative anxiolytic drugs buspirone and ipsapirone are agonists at 5-HT1A receptors negatively coupled with adenylate cyclase in hippocampal neurons. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 335: 588–592

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bohmaker K, Eison AS, Yocca FD, Meller E (1993) Comparative effects of chronic 8-OH-DPAT, gepirone and ipsapirone treatment on the sensitivity of somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors. Neuropharmacology 6: 527–534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers DT, Watson SJ (1991) Comparative anatomical distribution of 5-HT1A receptor mRNA and 5-HT1A binding in rat brain — a combined in situ hybridisation/in vitro receptor autoradiographic study. Brain Res 561: 51–60

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Charney DS, Delgado PL (1992) Current concepts of the role of serotonin function in depression and anxiety. In: Langer SZ, Racagni G, MENDLEWICZ J (eds) Serotonin receptor subtypes: pharmacological significance and clinical implications. Int Acad Biomed Drug Res 1: 89–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Charney DS, Woods SW, Krystal JH, Nagy LM Heninger GR (1990) Hypotheses relating serotoninergic dysfunction to the etiology and treatment of panic and generalized anxiety disorders. In: Coccaro EF, Murphy DL (eds) Serotonin in major psychiatric disorders. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, pp 127–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Chojnacka-Wojcik E, Przegalinski E (1991) Evidence for the involvement of 5-HT1A receptors in the anticonrlict effect of ipsapirone in rats. Neuropharmacology 30: 703–709

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chopin P, Briley M (1987) Animal models of anxiety: the effects of compounds that modify 5-HT neurotransmission. Trends Pharmacol Sci 8: 383–388

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colino A, Halliwell JV(1987) Differential modu lation of three separate K-conductances inhippocampal CA-1 neurons by serotonin. Nature 328: 73–77

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox RF, Meller E, Waszczak BL (1993) Electrophysiological evidence for a large receptor reserve for inhibition of dorsal raphe neuronal firing by 5-HT1A agonists. Synapse 14: 297–304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Csanalosi J, Schweizer E, Case WG, Rickels K (1987) Gepirone in anxiety: a pilot study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 7: 31–33

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De VIVO M, Maayani S (1986) Characterization of the 5-hydroxytryptamine1A receptor mediated inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in guinea pig and rat hippocampal membranes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 238: 248–253

    Google Scholar 

  • De VRY J, Scheiber R (1993) Comparison of acute and repeated treatment with the 5-HT1A receptor ligands 8-OH-DPAT and ipsapirone in animal models of anxiety and depression. Drug Dev Res 30: 91–103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De VRY J, Glaser T, Traber J (1990) 5-HT1A receptor partial agonists as anxiolytics. In: Paoletti R, Vanhoutte PM, Brunello N, Maggi FM (eds) Serotonin: from cell biology to pharmacology and therapeutics.Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 517–522

    Google Scholar 

  • De VRY J, Glaser T, Schuurman T, Schreiber R, TRABERJ (1991) 5-HT1A receptors in anxiety. In: Briley M, File SE (eds) New concepts in anxiety. MacMillan, London, pp 94–129

    Google Scholar 

  • De Vry J, Schreiber R, Glaser T, Traber J (1992) Behavioral pharmacology of 5-HT1A agonists: animal models of anxiety and depression. In: Stahl SM, Gastpar M, Keppel HESSELINK JM, Traber J (eds) Serotonin 1A receptors in depression and anxiety. Raven Press, New York, pp 55–81

    Google Scholar 

  • Dompert WU, Glaser T, Traber J (1985) 3H-TVX Q 7821: identification of 5-HT1 binding sites as target for a novel putative anxiolytic. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 328: 467–470

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn RW, Corbett R, Fielding S (1989) Effects of 5-HT1A receptor agonists and NMDA receptor antagonists in the social interaction test and the eleveated plus maze. Eur J Pharmacol 169: 1–10

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eison AS, Eison MS, Stanley M, Riblet LA (1986) Serotonergic mechanisms in the behavioral effects of buspirone and gepirone. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 24: 701–707

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fanelli RJ, Mcmonagle-STRUCKO K (1992) Alteration of 5-HT1A receptor binding sites following chronic treatment with ipsapirone measured by quantitative autoradiography. Synapse 12: 75–81

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feighner J, Cohn JB (1989) Analysis of individual symptoms in generalized anxiety — a pooled, multistudy, double-blind evaluation of buspirone. Neuropsychobiology 21: 124–130

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser T, De VRY J (1992) Neurobiology of 5-HT1A receptors. In: Stahl SM, Gastpar M, KEPPEL, Hesselink JM, Traber J (eds) Serotonin 1A receptors in depression and anxiety. Raven Press, New York, pp 35–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Glaser T, Rath M, TRABERJ, Zilles K, Schleicher A (1985) Autoradiographic identification and topographical analyses of high affinity serotonin receptor subtypes as a target for the novel putative anxiolytic TVX Q 7821. Brain Res 358: 129–136

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser T, Greueljm, Horvath E, Schreiber R, DE Vry J (1999d) Differentiation of 8-OH-DPAT and ipsapirone in rat models of 5-HT1A receptor function. In: Fozard J, Saxena P (eds) 2nd IUPHAR Satellite meeting on serotonin. Birk-häuser, Basel, pp 460-470 (Proceedings)

    Google Scholar 

  • Glennon RA (1990) Serotonin receptors: clinical implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 14: 35–47

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goa KL, Ward A (1986) Buspirone: a preliminary review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy as an anxiolytic. Drugs 32: 114–129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Göthert M (1992) 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors: an example for the complexity of chemical transmission of information in the brain. Drug Res 42: 238–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray JA (1982) The neuropsychology of anxiety: an equiry into the functions of the septo-hip-pocampal system. Clarendon Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Haj-Dahmane S, Hamon M, Lanfumey L (1991) K+ channel and 5-HT1A autoreceptor interactions in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus: an in vitro electrophysiological study. Neuroscience 41: 495–505

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamon M, Fattaccini CM, Adrien J, Gallissot MC, Martin P, Gozlan H (1988) Alterations of central serotonin and dopamine turnover in rats treated with ipsapirone and other 5-hydroxytryptamine1A agonists with potential anxiolytic properties. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 246: 745–752

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartig PR (1989) Molecular biology of 5-HT receptors. Trends Pharmacol Sci 10: 64–69

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Higgins GA, Jones BJ, Oakley NR (1992) Effect of 5-HTIA receptor agonists in two models of anxiety after dorsal raphe injection. Psychopharmacology 106: 261–267

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iversen SD (1984) 5-HT and anxiety. Neuropharmacology 23: 1553–1560

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kahn RS, Van PRAAG HM, Wetzler S, Asms GM, Barr G (1988) Serotonin and anxiety revisited. Biol Psychiatry 23: 189–208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koe BK (1979) Biochemical effects of antianxiety drugs on brain monoamines. In: Fielding S, Lal H (eds) Anxiolytics. Futura, New York, pp 173–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Kümmel B, Beneke M, Krol G, Schöllnhammer G, Spechtmeyer H (1988) Ipsapirone in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorders. Results of a phase Ii US-multicenter trial. Psychopharmacology 96: S 353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lesch K-P (1992) The ipsapirone/5-HT1A receptor challenge in anxiety disorders and depression. In: Stahl SM, Gastpar M, Keppel Hesselink JM, Traber J (eds) Serotonin 1A receptors in depression and anxiety. Raven Press, New York, pp 135–

    Google Scholar 

  • Lesch K-P, Mayer S, Hoh A, Disselkamp-Tietze J, Rupprecht R, Schmidtke A, Osterheider M, Beckmann H (1989) 5-Hydroxytryptamine-1A (5-HTIA) receptor function in affective disorders. Pharmacopsychiatry 22: 205

    Google Scholar 

  • Lesch K-P, Mayer S, Disselkamp-Tietze J, Hoh A, Schöllnhammer G, Schulte HM (1990) Subsensitivity of the 5-hydroxytryptamine1A (5-HT1A) receptor-mediated hypothermic response to ipsapirone in unipolar depression. Life Sci 46: 1271–1277

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marcinkiewicz M, Verge D, Gozlan H, Pichat L, Hamon M (1984) Autoradiographic evidence for the heterogeneity of 5-HT1 sites in rat brain. Brain Res 291: 159–163

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin KF, Mason R (1987) Ipsapirone is a partial agonist at 5-hydroxytryptamine1A (5-HT1A) receptors in the rat hippocampus: electrophysiological evidence. Eur J Pharmacol 141:470–483

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meller E, Goldstein M, Bohmaker K (1990) Receptor reserve for 5-hydroxytryptamine1A-mediated inhibition of serotonin synthesis: possible relationship to anxiolytic properties of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A agonists. Mol Pharmacol 37: 231–237

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miquel MC, Coucet E, Boni C, EL Mestikawy S, Matthiessen L, Daval G, Verge D, Hamon M (1991) Central serotonin1A receptors: respective distributions of encoding mRNA, receptor protein and binding sites by in situ hybridization histochemistry, radioimmunohistochemistry and autoradiographic mapping in the rat brain. Neurochem Int 19: 453–465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murasaki M, Miura S (1992) The future of 5-HT1A receptor agonists (aryl-piperazine derivatives). Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 16: 833–845

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pazos A, Palacios DM (1985) Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of serotonin receptors in the rat brain. I. Serotonin-1 receptors. Brain Res 346: 205–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peroutka SJ (1986) Pharmacological differentiation and characterization of 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT1c binding sites in rat frontal cortex. J Neurochem 47: 529–

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peroutka SJ (1988) 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor subtypes: molecular, biochemical and physiological characterization. Trends Neurosci 11: 496–500

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pompeiano M, Palacios JM, Mengod G (1992) Distribution and cellular localization of mRNA coding for 5-HT1A receptor in the rat brain: correlation with receptor binding. J Neurosci 12: 440–453

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Przegalinski E, Chojnacka-Wojcik E, Filip M (1992) Stimulation of postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors is responsible for the anticonflict effect of ipsapirone in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 44: 780–782

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson DS, Rajesh CS, Alms DR, Messina M, Andary J (1989) Treatment of panic disorder: Nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytics including buspirone. Psychopharmacol Bull 25: 21–26

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruffolorr JR (1982) Important concepts of receptor theory. J Auton Pharmacol 2: 277–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schechter LE, Bolanos J, Gozlan H, Lanfumey L, Haj-Dahmane S, Laporte AM, Fattaccini CM, Hamon M (1990) Alterations of central seroto-ninergic and dopaminergic neurotransmissi-on in rats chronically treated with ipsapirone: biochemical and electrophysiological studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 255: 1335–1347

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schöllnhammer G (1992) Pharmacokinetics of the azapirones. In: Stahl SM, Gastpar M, Keppel Hesselink JM, Traber J (eds) Serotonin 1A receptors in depression and anxiety. Raven Press, New York, pp 99–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Schöllnhammer G, Beneke M, Böttcher M, Dietrich H, Horstmann R, Scitz I (1993) Absolute oral bioavailability of two preparations of ipsapirone hydrochloride. Pharmacopsychiatry 26: 199

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber R, DE Vry J (1993) 5-HT1A receptor li-gands in animal models of anxiety, impulsivity and depression: multiple mechanisms of action? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 17: 87–1

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuurman T, Traber J (1994) Effects of ipsapirone on social behavior and conflict-induced responses in rats: a comparison to diazepam (submitted)

    Google Scholar 

  • Segal M (1980) The action of serotonin in the rat hippocampal slice preparation. J Physiol (Lond) 303: 423–429

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharp T, Hjorth S (1990) Application of brain microdialysis to study the pharmacology of the 5-HT1A autoreceptor. J Neurosci Methods 34: 83–90

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharp T, Bramwell SR, Grahame-Smith DG (1989) 5-HT1 agonists reduce 5-hydroxytryptamine release in rat hippocampus in vivo as determined by brain microdialysis. Br J Pharmacol 96: 283–290

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sommermeyer H, Schreiber R, Greuel JM, DE Vry J, Glaser T (1993) Anxiolytic effects of the 5HTia receptor agonist ipsapirone in the rat: neurobiological correlates. Eur J Pharmacol 240: 29–37

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sprouse JS, Aghajanian GK (1987) Electrophysiological responses of serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons to 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B agonists. Synapse 1: 3–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stahl SM, Gastpar M, Keppel Hesselink JM, Traber J (1992) Serotonin 1A receptors in depression and anxiety. Raven Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor DP (1988) Buspirone, a new approach to the treatment of anxiety. FASEB J 2: 2445–2452

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thiebot MH (1986) Are serotonergic neurons involved in the control of anxiety and in the anxiolytic activity of benzodiazepines? Pharmacol Biochem Behav 24: 1471–1477

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Traber J, Glaser T (1987) 5-HT1A receptor-related anxiolytics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 8: 432–437

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verge D, Daval G, Patey A, Gozlan H, El Mesti-Kawy S, Hamon M (1985) Presynaptic 5-HT autoreceptors on serotonergic cell bodies and/or dendrites but not terminals are of the 5-HTIA subtype. Eur J Pharmacol 113: 463–464

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wise CD, Berger BD, Stein L (1972) Benzodiazepines: anxiety-reducing activity by reduction of serotonin turnover in the brain. Science 177: 180–183

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yocca FD, Iben L, Meller E (1992) Lack of apparent receptor reserve at postsynaptic 5-hydroxytryptamine1A receptors negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase activity in rat hippocampal membranes. Mol Pharmacol 41: 1066–1072

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zuardi AW, Cosme RA, Graeff FG, Guimaraes FS (1993) Effects of ipsapirone and cannabidiol on human experimental anxiety. J Psycho-pharmacol 7: 82–88

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Agnoli A, Manna V, Martucci N (1989) Doubleblind study on the hypnotic and antianxiety effects of zopiclone compared with nitraze-pam in the treatment of insomnia. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 10: 277–281

    Google Scholar 

  • Albin H, Vincon J, Vincon G et al. (1988) Study of the pharmacokinetics of zolpidem in healthy volunteers after repeated administration: effect on antipyrine clearance. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 369–370

    Google Scholar 

  • Allain H, Delahaye C, Ke Coz F et al. (1990) Post marketing surveillance of zopiclone in insomnia: analysis of 20.513 cases. Sleep 14: 408–413

    Google Scholar 

  • Amin M, Lehmann HE, Schwartz G (1988) Lack of anxiolytic effects of buspirone: a double-blind standard placebo controlled study. Psychopharmacology 96 [Suppl]: 217

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson AA (1987) Zopiclone and nitrazepam: a multicenter placebo controlled comparative study of efficacy and tolerance in insomniac patients in general practice. Sleep 10 [Suppl 1]:54–62

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson IM (1989) Serotonin receptors, buspirone and premenstrual syndrome. Lancet ii: 615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ansseau M, Papart P, Gerard MA et al. (1990) Controlled comparison of buspirone and oxazepam in generalized anxiety. Neuropsychobiology 64: 74–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ansseau M, Pitchot W, Hansenne M et al. (1992) Psychotic reactions to zolpidem. Lancet 341: 809

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aranko K, Henriksson M, Hublin C et al. (1991) Misuse of zopiclone and convulsions during withdrawal. Pharmacopsychiatry 24: 138–140

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Argyropoulou P, Patakas D, Koukou A et al. (1993) Buspirone effects on breathlessness and exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respiration 60: 216–220

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ashton CH, Rawlins MD, Tyrer SP (1990) A double-blind placebo-controlled study of buspirone in diazepam withdrawal in chronic benzodiazepine users. Br J Psychiatry 157:232–238

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ashton CH, Rawlins MD, Tyrer SP (1990) Buspirone in benzodiazepine withdrawal (letter). Br J Psychiatry 158: 283–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Autret E, Naillard F, Autret A (1987) Comparison of the clinical hypnotic effects of zopiclone and triazolam. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 31: 621–623

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ballinger BR (1990) New drugs. Hypnotics and anxiolytics. Br Med 300: 456–458

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balster RL (1990) Abuse potential of buspirone and related drugs. J Clin Psychopharmacol 10: 31–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bechelli LP, Navas F, Pierangelo SA (1983) Comparison of the reinforcing properties of zopiclone and triazolam in former alcoholics. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 235–241

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bensimon G, Foret J, Warot D et al. (1990) Daytime wakefulness following a bedtime oral dose of zolpidem 20 mg, flunitrazepam 2 mg and placebo. Br J Clin Pharmacol 30: 463–469

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bianchetti G, Dubruc C, Thiercelin JF et al. (1988) Clinical pharmacokinetics of zolpidem in various physiological and pathological conditions. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 155–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi M, Musch B (1990) Zopiclone discontinuation: review of 25 studies assessing withdrawal and rebound phenomena. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5 [Suppl 2]: 139–145

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Billiard M, Besset A, DE Lustreac C et al. (1989) Effects de la zopiclone sur le sommeil, la somnolence diurne et les performances nocturnes et diunes chez le volontaire sain. Neurophysiol Clin 19: 131–143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bixler EO, Kales J, Kales A et al. (1985) Rebound insomnia and elimination half-life: assessment of individual subject response. J Clin Pharmacol 25: 115–124

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blois R, Gailard JM (1988) The effects of zolpidem on characteristics of normal human sleep. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 375–376

    Google Scholar 

  • Böhm C, Placchi M, Stallone F et al. (1990) A double-blind comparison of buspirone, clobazam, and placebo in patients with anxiety treated in a general practice setting. J Clin Psychopharmacol 10: 38–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boissl K, Dreyfus JF, Delmote M (1983) Studies in the dependence-inducing potential of zopiclone and triazolam. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 242–247

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonifati V, Fabrizio E, Cipriani R et al. (1994) Buspirone in levodopa-induced dyskinesias. Clin Neuropharmacol 17: 73–82

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borbely AA, Youmbi-Balderer G, Jaggi-Schwarz K (1988) Zolpidem (10 mg and 20 mg): hypnotic action and residual effects after a single bedtime dose. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 205–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Boylan K (1990) Persistent dystonia associated with buspirone. Neurology 40: 1904

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brody D, Adler LA, Kim T et al. (1990) Effects of buspirone in seven schizophrenic subjects. J Clin Psychopharmacol 10: 68–69

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown CS, Ling FW, Farmer RG et al. (1990) Buspirone in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome. Drug Ther [Suppl]: 112–121

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruno F (1989) Buspirone in the treatment of alcoholic patients. Psychopathology 22 [Suppl 1]: 49–59

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buchheim P, Bender W, Greil W et al. (1985) Buspiron versus Lorazepam-eine dreiwöchige Doppelblindstudie bei ambulanten Patienten mit Angstsyndromen. In: Hippius H (Hrsg) Buspiron-Workshop. Neue Entwicklungen der Pharmakotherapie der Angst. Edition Materia Medica, Gräfelfing, S 89–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Caille G, Dusouich P, Spenard J et al. (1984) Pharmacokinetics and clinical parameters of zopiclone and trimipramine when administe red simultaneously to volunteers. Biopharma-ceut Dispos 5: 117–125

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cashman JN, Power SJ, Jones RM (1987) Assessment of a new hypnotic imidazo-pyridine (zolpidem) as oral premedications. Br J Clin Pharmacol 24: 85–92

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cavallaro R, Regazetti MG, Vovelli G et al. (1993) Tolerance and withdrawal with zolpidem. Lancet 342: 374–375

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chignon JM, Lepine JP (1989) Panic and hypertension associated with single dose of buspirone. Lancet ii: 46–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cirignotta F, Mondini S, Zucconi M et al. (1988) Controlled polysomnographic study of effects of benzodiazepine and nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics (zolpidem) in obstructive sleep apnea patients: preliminary results. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 297–304

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark DB, Agras WS (1991) The assessment and treatment of performance anxiety in musicians. Am J Psychiatry 148: 598–605

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn JB, Bowden CL, Fisher JG et al. (1986) Double-blind comparison of buspirone and clorazepate in anxious outpatients. Am J Med 80: 10–16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn JB, Wilcox CS (1986) Low-sedation potential of buspirone compared with alprazolam and lorazepam in the treatment of anxious patients: a double-blind study. J Clin Psychiatry 47: 409–412

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn JB, Rickels KA (1989) Pooled, double-blind comparison of the effects of buspirone, diazepam and placebo in women with chronic anxiety. Curr Med Res Opin 11: 304–320

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cole JO, Orzack M, Beake B et al. (1982) Assessment of the abuse liability of buspirone in recreational sedative users. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 69–75

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coleman RM (1983) Diagnosis, treatment and follow up of about 800 sleep/wake disorder patients. In: Guilleminault C, Lugaresi E (eds) Sleep/wake disorders: natural history, epidemiology and long-term evalution. Raven, New York, pp 87–97

    Google Scholar 

  • Coupez JM, Bachy C, Coupez-Lopinot R et al. (1988) Study of efficacy and safety of zolpidem compared with oxazepam in hospitalized patients with sleep disorders. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 377–378

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Mello DA, Mcneil JA, Harris W (1989) Buspirone suppression of neuroleptic-induced akathisia: multiple case reports. J Clin Psychopharmacol 9: 151–152

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De ROECK J, Cluydts R, Schotte C et al. (1989) Explorative singleblind study on the sedative and hypnotic effects of buspirone in anxiety patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 79: 129–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dehlin O, Rundgren A, Bojesson L et al. (1983) Zopiclone to geriatric patients. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 173–187

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dorian P, Sellers EM, Kaplan H et al. (1983) Evaluation of zopiclone physical dependence liability in normal volunteers. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 228–234

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dubruc C, Thenot JP, Rosen P et al. (1989) Pharmacokinetics of zolpidem as a function of gender. IV World Conference on Clinial Pharmacology and Therapeutics

    Google Scholar 

  • Dundee JW, Elwood RJ, Hildebrand PJ et al. (1983) Dose-finding and premedication studies with zopiclone. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 210–215

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dundee JW, Wilson CM, Robinson FP et al. (1984) The effect of ranitidine on the hypnotic action of single doses of midazolam, temazepam and zopiclone. Br J Clin Pharmacol 19: 553–555

    Google Scholar 

  • Duriez R, Barthelemy C, Rives H et al. (1979) Traitement des troubles du sommeil par la zopiclone. Therapie 34: 317–325

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eison AS, Temple DLJ (1986) Buspirone: review of its pharmacology and current perspectives on its mechanism of action. Am J Med 80: 1–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elie R, Deschenes JP (1983) Efficacy and tolerance of zopiclone in insomniac geriatric patients. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 179–187

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elliott P, Chestnutt WN, Elwood RJ et al. (1983) Effect of atropine and metoclopramide on the plasma concentrations of orally administered zopiclone. Br J Anaesth 55: 1159–1160

    Google Scholar 

  • Emeriau JP, Descamps A, Dechelotte P et al. (1988) Zolpidem and flunitrazepam: a multicenter trial in elderly hospitalized patients. In: Sauvanet P, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 317–326

    Google Scholar 

  • Enkelmann R (1991) Alprazolam versus buspirone in the treatment of outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. Psychopharmacology 105: 428–432

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fabre LF (1990) Buspirone in the management of major depression: a placebo-controlled comparison. J Clin Psychiatry 51 [Suppl 9]: 55–61

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feighner JP, Medideth CH, Hendrickson G A (1982) Double-blind comparison of buspirone and diazepam in outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 103–108

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • File SE, Andrews N (1991) Low but not high doses of buspirone reduce the anxiogenic effects of diazepam withdrawal. Psychopharmacology 105: 578–582

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fleming JA, Mcclure DJ, Mayes C et al. (1990) A comparison of the efficacy, safety and withdrawal effects of zopiclone and triazolam in the treatment of insomnia. Int Clin Psycho-pharmacol 5 [Suppl 2]: 29–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Fontaine R, Beaudry P, Beauclair L et al. (1987) Comparison of withdrawal of buspirone and diazepam: a placebo controlled study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 11: 189–197

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fontaine R, Beaudry P, Le Morvan P et al. (1988) Efficacy and rebound insomnia of zopiclone and triazolam. Psychopharmacology 96 [Suppl]: 219

    Google Scholar 

  • Fontaine R, Beaudry P, Le MORVAN P et al. (1990) Zopiclone and triazolam in insomnia associated with generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled evaluation of efficacy and anxiety. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5: 173–183

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fossen A, Godlibsen OB, Coyning V et al. (1983) Effects of hypnotics on memory. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 118–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Friedmann JCH, Prenez A (1988) Safety evaluation of zolpidem. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Mor-Selli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 123–138

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman R (1991) Possible induction of psychosis by buspirone. Am J Psychiatry 148: 1606

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fuller RW (1990) Buspirone metabolite and panic attacks. Lancet 339: 335–470

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaillot J, Heusse D, Hougton GW et al. (1983) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of zopiclone. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 76–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gammans RE, Pfeffer M, Westrick ML et al. (1987) Lack of interaction between cimetidine and buspirone. Pharmacotherapy 7: 72–79

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gammans RE, Stringfellow JC, Hvizdos AJ et al. (1992) Use of buspirone in patients with generalized anxiety disorder and coexisting depressive symptoms. A meta-analysis of eight randomized, controlled studies. Neuropsychobiology 25: 193–201

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gastfriend DR, Rosenbaum JF (1989) Adjunctive buspirone in benzodiazepine treatment of four patients with panic disorder. Am J Psychiatry 146: 914–916

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gawin F, Compton M, Byck R (1989) Buspirone reduces smoking. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46: 288–289

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gedye A (1991) Buspirone alone or with serotonergic diet reduced aggression in a developmentally disabled adult. Biol Psychiatry 30: 88–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giercksky KE, Wickstrom E (1980) A dose-response study in situational insomnia with zopiclone, a new tranquilizer. Clin Therapeut 3: 21–27

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goa KL, Ward A (1986) Buspirone. A preliminary review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy as an anxiolytic. Drugs 32: 114–129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goff DC, Midha KK, Brotman AW et al. (1991) An open trial of buspirone added to neuroleptics in schizophrenic patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 11: 193–197

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg HL, Finnerty R (1982) Comparison of buspirone in two separate studies. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 87–91

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg RJ, Huk M (1992) Serotonin syndrome from trazodone and buspirone (Letter). Psychosomatics 33: 235–236

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grady TA, Pigott TA, L’heureux F et al. (1992) Scizure associated with fluoxetine and adjuvant buspirone therapy. J Clin Psychopharmacol 12: 70–71

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Griffith JD, Jasinska DR, Casten GP et al. (1986) Investigation of the abuse liability of buspirone in alcohol-dependent patients. Am J Med 80: 30–35

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths AN, Jones DM, Richens A (1986) Zopiclone produces effects on human performance similar to flurazepam, lormetazepam and triazolam. Br J Clin Pharmacol 21: 647–653

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guerault E, Garnier R, Efthymion ML (1990) Voluntary acute poisoning with zopiclone: review of 239 cases. 28EME Congres Francais des Centres Anti-Poison, Reunion de la Societe Francaise de Toxicologie, Societe des Toxicologie clinique, Toulouse, October 3-5, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  • Hajak G, Rüther E, Hauri PJ (1992) Insomnie. In: Berger M (Hrsg) Handbuch des normalen und gestörten Schlafs. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 67–119

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hajak G, Herrendorf G, Rüther E (1993) Therapie der Insomnie. In: Hecht K, Engfer A, Peter JH, Poppei H (Hrsg) Schlaf, Gesundheit, Leistungsfähigkeit. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 123–175

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hammerstad JP, Carter J, Nutt JG et al. (1986) Buspirone in Parkinson’s disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 9: 556–560

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harvengt C, Hulhoven R, Desager JP et al. (1988) Drug interactions investigated with zolpidem. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 165–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrmann WM, Kubici ST, Wober W (1988) Zolpidem: a four week pilot polysomnographic study in patients with chronic sleep disturbances. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 261–278

    Google Scholar 

  • Hindmarch I (1990) Immediate and overnight effects of zopiclone 7,5 mg and nitrazepam 5 mg with ethanol, on psychomotor performance and memory in healthy volunteers. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5 [Suppl 2]: 105–143

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hulhoven R, Desager JP, Harvengt C et al. (1988) Lack of interaction between zolpidem and H2 antagonists, cimetidine and ranitidine. Int J Clin Pharm Res 8: 471–476

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Inmann W, Kubota K, Pearce G, Wllton L (1993) PEM report number 10. Zopiclone. Pharmacoepidemiology Drug Safety 2: 499–521

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iruela LM, Ibanez Rojo V, Caballero L et al. (1991) Buspirone-induced mania: possible interaction with disulfiram. Br J Psychiatry 159: 297–298

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iruela LM (1993) Tolerance and withdrawal with zolpidem. Lancet 342: 374–375

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs EA, Rynolds III CF, Kupfer DJ et al. (1988) The role of polysomnography in the differential diagnosis of chronic insomnia. Am J Psychiatry 154: 346–349

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobsen FM (1991) Possible augmentation of antidepressant response by buspirone. J Clin Psychiatry 52: 217–220

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson AF, Dominguez RA, Goldstein BJ et al. (1985) Comparison of buspirone and diazepam in generalized anxiety disorder. Pharmacotherapy 5: 290–296

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jenike MA, Baer L (1988) An open trial of buspirone in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 145: 1285–1286

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jenike MA, Baer L, Buttolph L (1991) Buspirone augmentation of fluoxetine in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 52: 13–14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jerkovich GS, Preskorn SH (1987) Failure of buspirone to protect against lorazepam withdrawal symptoms. JAMA 258: 204–205

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kales A, Soldatos CR, Bixler EO et al. (1983) Rebound insomnia and rebound anxiety: a review. Pharmacology 26: 121–137

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kishore Kumar R, Schäfer SC, Lawlor BA et al. (1989) Single doses of the serotonin agonists buspirone and m-chlorophenylpiperazine do not relieve neuropathic pain. Pain 37: 223–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klimm HD, Dreyfus JF, Delmotte M (1987) Zopiclone versus nitrazepam; a double-blind comparative study of efficacy a d tolerance in elderly patients with chronic insominia. Sleep 1 [Suppl 11]: 73–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuitunen T, Mattila MJ, Seppälä T (1990 a) Actions and interactions of hypnotics on human performance: single doses of zopiclone, triazolam and alcohol. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5 [Suppl 2]: 115–130

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuitunen T, Mattila MJ, Seppälä T et al. (1990 b) Actions of zopiclone and carbamazepine, alone and in combination, on human skilled performance in laboratory and clinical tests. Br J Clin Pharmacol 30: 453–461

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kurtz D, Fillius B, Boningen C et al. (1988) Effects of zolpidem on the sleep of healthy elderly subjects: polysomnographic recording assessments and pharmacokinetics. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp382

    Google Scholar 

  • Lader M (1987) Assessing the potential for buspirone dependence or abuse and effects of its withdrawal. Am J Med 82: 20–26

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lader M (1991) Can buspirone induce rebound, dependence or abuse? Br J Psychiatry 159 [Suppl 12]: 45–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Lader M, Denney SC (1983) A double-blind study to establish the residual effects of zopiclone on performance in healthy volunteers. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 98–108

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lamphere JK, Roehrs TA, Zorick FJ et al. (1989) The dose effects of zopiclone. Hum Psychopharmacol 4: 41–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Langtry HD, Benfield B (1990) Zolpidem. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential. Drugs 40: 291–313

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lariviere L, Caille G, Elie R (1986) The effects of low and moderate doses of alcohol on the pharmacokinetic parameters of zopiclone. Biopharmaceut Drug Dispos 7: 207–210

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lebrault C, Chauvin M, Brussert A et al. (1989) Preoperative sedation with zolpidem, lorazepam and placebo: a random double blind comparison. Anesthesiol 71: 300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levine S, Napiello ML (1988) An open study of buspirone coprescribed with histamine H2-receptor antagonists in anxious outpatients. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 3: 83–86

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewitt PA, Walters A, Hening W et al. (1993) Persistent movement disorders induced by buspirone. Mov Disord 8: 331–334

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lieberherr S, Scollo-Lavizzari G, Battegay R (1991) Dämmerzustände nach Einnahme von kurzwirksamen Benzodiazepinen (Midazolam/Triazolam). Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 80: 673–675

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liegghio NR, Yeragani VK, Moore NC (1988) Buspirone-induced hypomania: a case report. J Clin Psychopharmacol 8: 226–227

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liegghio NE, Yeragani VK, Moore NC (1988) Buspirone-induced jitteriness in three patients with panic disorder and one patient with generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 49:165–166

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd KG, Levrier J, Ferrari P (1988) Comparison of zolpidem with diazepine hypnotics on respiratory function in the rat. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 383–384

    Google Scholar 

  • Lauvel E, Cramer P, Ferreri M et al. (1988) Zolpidem and triazolam: long-term multicenter Studie (1-3 months) in psychiatric and general practice patients. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 327–338

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucki I, Rickels K, Giesecke MA et al. (1987) Differential effects of the anxiolytic drugs, diazepam and buspirone, on memory function. Br J Clin Pharmacol 23: 207–211

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lund R, Rüther E, Wober W et al. (1988) Effects of zolpidem (10 and 20 mg) lormetazepam, triazolam and placebo on night sleep and residual effects during the day. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 103–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Maggioni M, Frattola L (1988) Double-blind controlled study of the efficacy and safety of zolpidem versus flunitrazepäm. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 386–387

    Google Scholar 

  • Malcolm R, Anton RF, Randall CL et al. (1992) A placebo-controlled trial of buspirone in anxious inpatient alcoholics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 16: 1007–1013

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mamelak M, Scima A, Prince V (1983) Effects of zopiclone on the sleep of chronic insomniacs. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 156–164

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mamelak M, Buck L, Csima A et al. (1987) Effects of flurazepam and zopiclone on the performance of chronic insomniac patients: a study of ethanol-drug interaction. Sleep 10 [Suppl 11]: 79–87

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manfredi RL, Kales A, Vgontzas AN et al. (1991) Buspirone: sedative or stimulant effect? Am J Psychiatry 148: 1213–1217

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marc-Aurele J, Caille G, Bourgouin J (1983) Comparison of zopiclone pharmacokinetics in patients with impaired renal function and normal subjects. Effect of hemodialysis. IV International Congress of Sleep Research, Bologna, July 18–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Markovitz PJ, Stagno SJ, Calabrese JR (1990) Buspirone augmentation of fluoxetine in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 147: 798–800

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mcdaniel JS, Ninan PT, Magnuson JV (1990) Possible induction of mania by buspirone. Am J Psychiatry 147: 125–126

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mcdougle CJ, Goodman WK, Leckman JF et al. (1993) Limited therapeutic effect of addition of buspirone in fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 150:647–649

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mcivor R, Sinanan K (1991) Buspirone-induced mania. Br J Psychiatry 158: 136–137

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mendelson WB, Maczaj M, Holt J (1991) Buspirone administration to sleep apnea patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 11: 71–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meram D, Descotes J (1989) Acute poisoning with zolpidem. Revue de Medicine Interne 10: 466

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Merlotti L, Roehrs T, Koshorek G et al. (1989) The dose effects of zolpidem on the sleep of healthy normals. J Clin Psychopharmacol 9:9–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Momose T (1983) Effectiveness of zopiclone as a preoperative hypnotic. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 196–204

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monchesky TC, Billings BJ, Philips R et al. (1989) Zopiclone in insomniac shift-workers. Evaluation of its hypnotic properties and its effects on mood and work performance. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 61: 255–259

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monti JM (1989) Effect of zolpidem on sleep in insomniac patients. Eur Clin Pharmacol 36: 461–466

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moon CA, Hindmarch I, Holland RL (1990) The effect of zopiclone 7,5 mg on the sleep, mood and performance of shift-workers. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5: 79–83

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moskowitz H, Smiley A (1982) Effects of chronically administered buspirone and diazepam on driving-related skills performance. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 45–55

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murciano D, Aubier M, Palacios S et al. (1990) Comparison of zolpidem (Z), triazolam (T) and flunitrazepäm (F) effects on arterial blood gases and control of breathing in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chest 97 [Suppl 31]: 51–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy SM, Owen R, Tyrer P (1989) Comparative assessment of efficacy and withdrawal symptoms after 6 and 12 weeks’ treatment with diazepam or buspirone. Br J Psychiatry 154: 529–534

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Musch B, Maillard F (1990) Zopiclone, the third generation hypnotic: a clinical overview. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5 [Suppl 2]: 147–158

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Napiello MJ (1986) A study of buspirone coprescribed with antidepressants in 184 anxious ambulatory patients. CurrTher Res 40:917–923

    Google Scholar 

  • Napiello MJ, Domantay AG (1988) Newer clinical studies with buspirone. In: Lader M (ed) Buspirone: a new introduction to the treatment of anxiety. Roy Soc Med Ser 133, London, pp 59–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Napiello MJ, Domantay AG (1991) Buspiron: a worldwide update. Br J Psychiatry 159 [Suppl 12]: 40–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Nedopil N, Rüther E (1984) Medikamentöse Therapie von Schlafstörungen. Münch Med Wochenschr 126: 290–291

    Google Scholar 

  • Newton RE, Casten GP, Alms DR et al. (1982) The side effect profile of buspirone in comparison to active controls and placebo. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 100–102

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newton RE, Marunycz JD, Aldredice MT et al. (1986) Review of the side-effect profile of buspirone. Am J Med 80: 17–21

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’hanlon JF, Volkerts ER, Louwerens JW et al. (1984) Zopiclone’s residual effect upon actual driving performance versus those of nitraze-pam and flunitrazepäm. Clin Neuropharmacol 7 [Suppl 1]: 620–621

    Google Scholar 

  • O’hanlonj F (1991) Review of buspirone’s effects on human performance and related variables. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1: 489–501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olajide D, Lader MA (1987) Comparison of buspirone, diazepam, and placebo in patients with chronic anxiety states. J Clin Psychopharmacol 7: 148–152

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz A, Pohl R, Gershon S (1987) Azaspirodecanediones in generalized anxiety disorder: buspirone. J Affect Disord 13: 131–143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’toole DP, Carlisle RJ, Howard PJ et al. (1986) Effects of altered gastric motility on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered zopiclone. IrJ Med Sci l55: 136

    Google Scholar 

  • Oswald I (1989) Triazolam syndrome 10 years on. Lancet ii: 451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pahud J, Forster A, Gamulin Z et al. (1988) Preoperative sedation with zolpidem, midazolam and placebo: a randomized double-blind comparison. Anesthesiol 69: 555

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palminteri R, Narbonne G (1988) Safety profile of zolpidem. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 351–361

    Google Scholar 

  • Pato MT, Pigott TA, Hill JL et al. (1991) Controlled comparison of buspirone and clomipramine in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 148: 127–129

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson JF (1988) Akathisia associated with buspirone. J Clin Psychopharmacol 8: 296–297

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pecknold J, Matas M, Howarth BG et al. (1989) Evaluation of buspirone as an antianxiety agent: buspirone and diazepam versus placebo. Can J Psychiatry 34: 766–771

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pecknold J, Wilson R, Le MORAN P (1990) Longterm efficacy and withdrawal of zopiclone: a sleep laboratory study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 5 [Suppl 21]: 57–67

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Petracca A, Nisita C, Mcnair D et al. (1990) Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: preliminary clinical experience with buspirone. J Clin Psychiatry 51 [Suppl]: 31–39

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pigott TA, L’heureux F, Hill JL et al. (1992) A double-blind study of adjuvant buspirone hy-drochloride in clomipramine-treated patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 12: 11–18

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piot O, Betschart J, Stutzmann JM et al. (1990) Cyclopyrrolones, unlike some benzodiazepi-nes, do not induce physical dependence in mice. Neurosci Lett 117: 140–143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pols HJ, Griez A, Zandbergen J (1989) Does buspirone have anxiogenic properties? Lancet ii: 682–683

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Price WA, Bielefeld M (1989) Buspirone-induced mania. J Clin Psychopharmacol 9: 150–151

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pull CB, Dreyfus JF, Brun JP (1983) Comparison of nitrazepam and zopiclone in psychiatric patients. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 205–209

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quadens OP, Hoffmann G, Buytaert G (1983) Effects of zopiclone as compared to flurazepam in women over 40 years of age. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 146–155

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ratey J, Sovner R, Parks A et al. (1991) Buspirone treatment of aggression and anxiety in mentally retarded patients: a multiple-baseline, placebo lead-in study. J Clin Psychiatry 52: 159–162

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Regouby Y, Delomez G, Tisserant A (1989) Auriculo-ventricular block during voluntary poisoning with zopiclone. Therapie 44: 379–380

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rhodes SP, Parry P, Hanning CD (1990) A comparison of the effects of zolpidem and placebo on respiration and oxygen saturation during sleep in the healthy elderly. Br J Clin Pharmacol 30: 817–824

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rickels K (1990) Buspirone in clinical practice. J Clin Psychiatry 51 [Suppl]: 51–54

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rickels K, Weisman K, Orstad N et al. (1982) Buspirone and diazepam in anxiety: a controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 81–86

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rickels K, Freeman E, Sondheimer S (1989) Buspirone in treatment of premenstrual syndrome. Lancet i: 777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rickels K, Amsterdam J, Clary C et al. (1990) Buspirone in major depression: a controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry 52: 34–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie EC, Bridenbaugh RH, Jabbari B (1988) Acute generalized myoclonus following buspirone administration. J Clin Psychiatry 49: 242–243

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson DS (1987) An overview of the safety and side-effect of buspirone. Int Med Spec [Suppl]: 33–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson DS, Alms DR, Shrotriya RC et al. (1989) Serotonergic anxiolytics and treatment of depression. Psychopathology 22 [Suppl 1]: 27–36

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson DS, Rickels LK, Feighner J et al. (1990) Clinical effects of the 5-HT1A partial agonist in depression: a composite analysis of buspirone in the treatment of depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol 10: 67–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodin J, Mcavay G, Tunko C (1988) A longitudinal study of depressed mood and sleep disturbance in elderly adults. J Gerontol 43: 45–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roehrs TA, Zorick FJ, Wittig RM et al. (1986) Dose determinants of rebound insomnia. Br J Clin Pharmacol 22: 143–147

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rüther E, Clarenbach P, Hajak G et al. (1992) Zopiclon bei Patienten mit Schlafstörungen: Einflüsse auf Schlafqualität und Tagesbefinden im Vergleich zu Flunitrazepam, Triazolamund Plazebo. Münch Med Wochenschr 46: 753–757

    Google Scholar 

  • Sauvanet JP, Maarek L, Roger M et al. (1988) Open long-term trials with zolpidem in insomnia. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZ, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorders. Raven, New York, pp 339–349

    Google Scholar 

  • Scharf MB, Mayleben DW, Mcdannold MD et al. (1988) Dose response effects of zolpidem in normal geriatric patients. Sleep Res 17: 59

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlich D, Heritier CL, Coquelin JP et al. (1991) Long-term treatment of insomnia with zolpidem: a multicentre general practitioner study of 107 patients. J Int Med Res 19: 271–270

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schlosberg A (1983) Zopiclone: a third generation of hypnotics — conclusion. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 248–250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schnabeel TJ (1987) Evaluation of the safety and side effects of antianxiety agents. Am J Med 82: 7–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneier FR, Saoud JB, Campeas R et al. (1993) Buspirone in social phobia. J Clin Psychophar-macol 13: 251–256

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit MA (1984) Clinical studies of buspirone. Psychopathology 17 [Suppl 3]: 61–68

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit MA (1987) Alcohol and drug interactions with antianxiety medications. Am J Med 82: 27–33

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schweizer E, Rickels K (1986) Failure of buspirone to manage benzodiazepine withdrawal. Am J Psychiatry 143: 1590–1592

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schweizer E, Rickels K, Lucki I (1986) Resistance to the antianxiety effect of buspirone in patients with a history of benzodiazepine use. N Engl J Med 314: 719–720

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sellers EM, Schneiderman JF, Romach MK et al. (1992) Comparative drug effects and abuse liability of lorazepam, buspirone, and secobarbital in nondependent subjects. J Clin Psychopharmacol 12: 7985

    Google Scholar 

  • Seppälä T, Nuotto E, Dreyfus JF (1983) Drugalcohol interactions on psychomotor skills. Zopiclone and flunitrazepam. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 127–135

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheehan DV, Raj AB, Sheehan KH et al. (1990) Is buspirone effective for panic disorder? J Clin Psychopharmacol 10: 3–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheehan DV, Raj AB, Hanett-Sheehan K et al. (1993) The relative efficacy of high-dose buspirone and alprazolam in the treatment of panic disorders: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 88: 1–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smiley A, Moskowitz H (1986) Effects of longterm administration of buspirone and diazepam on driver steering control. AmJ Med 80: 22–29

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strand M, Hetta J, Rosen A et al. (1990) A doubleblind, controlled trial in primary care patients with generalized anxiety: a comparison between buspirone and oxazepam. J Clin Psychiatry 51 [Suppl 91]: 40–45

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strauss A (1988) Oral dyskinesia associated with buspirone use in an elderly woman. J Clin Psychiatry 49: 322–323

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Southerland J (1991) Imovane and narcotic addiction. N Med J 104: 103

    Google Scholar 

  • Tafti M, Besset A, Billiard M (1992) Effects of zopiclone on subjective evaluation of sleep and daytime alertness and on psychomotor and physical performance tests in athletes. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 18: 55–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tamminen T, Hansen PP (1987) Chronic administration of zopiclone and nitrazepam in the treatment of insomnia. Sleep 10 [Suppl 1]: 63–72

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tollefson GD, Lancaster SP, Montague Clouse J (1991) The association of buspirone and its metabolite 1-pyrimidinylpiperazine in the remission of comorbid anxiety with depressive features and alcohol dependency. Psychopharmacol Bull 27: 163–170

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Der Kroef C (1979) Reactions to triazolam. Lancet ii: 526

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van LAAR MW, Volkerts ER, VAN Willigenburg APP (1992) Therapeutic effects and effects on actual driving performance of chronically administered buspirone and diazepam in anxious outpatients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 12: 86–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaucher M, Osiek C, Schulz P et al. (1988) Influence of zolpidem, flunitrazepam and placebo on the cognitive and memory functions in healthy subjects. Therapie 43: 163

    Google Scholar 

  • Vermeeren A, Declerck AC, Kho L et al. (1990) Zolpidem’s effects of sleep, memory and driving versus those of flunitrazepam, placebo and partial sleep deprivation. 1st Conference — Congress of European Sleep Research Society, Strasbourg, France, May 21, 1990 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Weintraub M, De OLIVEIRA G, Moscucci M et al. (1988) A two-night preference technique for assessing the dose response and efficacy of hypnotics in insomniac patients. In: Sauvanet JP, Langer SZI, Morselli PL (eds) Imidazopyridines in sleep disorder. Raven, New York, pp 241–251

    Google Scholar 

  • West R, Hajek P, Mcneill A (1991) Effect of buspirone on cigarette withdrawal symptoms and short-term abstinence rates in a smokers clinic. Psychopharmacology 104: 91–96

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wheatley D (1982) Buspirone: multicenter efficacy study. J Clin Psychiatry 43: 92–94

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wheatley D (1985) Zopiclone: a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic controlled comparison to temazepam in insomnia. Br J Psychiatry 146: 312–314

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wheatley D (1989) Zolpidem. A new imidazopyridine hypnotic. Psychopharmacol Bull 25: 124–127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wickstrom E, Giercksky KE (1980) Comparative study of zopiclone, a novel hypnotic, and three benzodiazepines. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1: 93–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wickstrom E, Barbo SE, Dreyfus JF et al. (1983) A comparative study of zopiclone and flunitrazepam in insomniacs seen by general practitioners. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 165–172

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yanagita T (1983) Dependence potential of zopiclone studies in monkeys. Pharmacology 27 [Suppl 2]: 216–227

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag Wien

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Riederer, P., Laux, G., Pöldinger, W. (1995). Chemisch neuartige Tranquilizer und Hypnotika. In: Riederer, P., Laux, G., Pöldinger, W. (eds) Neuro-Psychopharmaka Ein Therapie-Handbuch. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6593-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6593-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-7357-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-6593-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics