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Treatment of Diseases of the Central Nervous System Using Encapsulated Cells

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Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery

Part of the book series: Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery ((NEUROSURGERY,volume 25))

Abstract

The use of neuroactive substances as therapeutic agents represents a major focus of today’s neurobiology. The delivery of these substances to the CNS is however complicated by several factors including low oral and trans-dermal availability and short half-lives (Battler et al. 1993). The blood brain barrier (BBB) further prevents the passage of most molecules from the circulation to the brain tissue (Poduslo and Curran 1996). To reach the CNS, these molecules have therefore to be directly injected into the brain with an adequate delivery system, such as a pump. This method is however of limited use for long term applications due to the instability of the therapeutic molecules (Penn et al. 1997) and the risk of infection linked to the need for repeated refilling. Implantation of cells that have been genetically modified to release therapeutic molecules represents an alternative that can circumvent the above mentioned limitations. The cells can be implanted in specific targets allowing the localized continuous release of bioactive molecules. This approach has been used successfully in various models of neurodegenerative diseases. This technique is however limited by the immune rejection in case of non autologous sources and potential tumor formation with the use of cell lines (Jaeger 1985) preventing clinical applications. One solution to these problems is the technology of encapsulation. The transplanted cells are surrounded by a selectively permeable biocompatible membrane, preventing the dissemination of the cells as well as immune rejection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gene Therapy Center and Surgical Research Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne University Medical School, Lausanne-CHUV, Switzerland

    A. F. Hottinger & P. Aebischer

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  1. A. F. Hottinger
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  2. P. Aebischer
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bordeaux, France

    F. Cohadon

  2. Ljubljana, Slovenia

    V. V. Dolenc

  3. Lisbon, Portugal

    J. Lobo Antunes

  4. Oslo, Norway

    H. Nornes

  5. Cambrigde, UK

    J. D. Pickard

  6. Munich, Germany

    H.-J. Reulen

  7. London, UK

    A. J. Strong

  8. Genève, Switzerland

    N. de Tribolet

  9. Utrecht, Netherlands

    C. A. F. Tulleken

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Hottinger, A.F., Aebischer, P. (1999). Treatment of Diseases of the Central Nervous System Using Encapsulated Cells. In: Cohadon, F., et al. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery, vol 25. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6412-9_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6412-9_1

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