Summary
Restoration of respiratory motion by stimulation of the phrenic nerve was investigated. Respiratory motion was restored successfully by introducing a breathing pacemaker to a patient with respiratory disturbance due to upper cervical spinal cord injury. Breathing pacemakers are considered to be more similar to physiological conditions compared to mechanical ventilators. Although the system is very expensive, its cost effectiveness may be excellent, provided that it can be used for long hours each day over an extended period. The system is effective in improving patient QOL because it dramatically increases patient mobility. From these findings, it is concluded that breathing pacemakers should be used more frequently in Japan, and that various forms of support are necessary to cope with economic and other concerns.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Baue AE (1992) Glenn’s thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 6th edn, vol 1. Prentice-Hall International Inc
Exner G (2000) Functional electrical stimulation in paralyzed respiratory muscles: International Workshop in Hamburg, Germany. Neuromodulation 3(4): 211–217
Keith MW (1989) Implantable functional neuromuscular stimulation in the tetraplegic hand. J Hand Surg 14A: 524–530
Okuma I (2000) Functional electrical stimulation. In: Takakura K (ed) The state of the art of neurosurgery, 2nd edn
Talonen PP (1990) Neurophysiological and technical considerations for the design of an implantable phrenic nerve stimulator. Med & Biological Engineering Computing 28 January: 31–37
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Wien
About this paper
Cite this paper
Okuma, I. et al. (2003). Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for spinal cord injury. In: Katayama, Y. (eds) Neurosurgical Re-Engineering of the Damaged Brain and Spinal Cord. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements, vol 87. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6081-7_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6081-7_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-7223-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-6081-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive