Summary
Calcium is of fundamental importance in the regulation of both muscle contraction and neurosecretion. Its control of these processes is achieved by its binding and activation of various Ca2+-binding proteins (CBP), including those in the Ca2+ channel, the Na+-Ca2+ antiporter, and intracellular calmodulin (CDR). Generally, Ca2+-binding to regulatory CBP exposes hydrophobic sites on their surface at which the CBP interfaces with its receptor or binds inhibitory hydrophobic ligands. We find that some Ca2+-antagonist drugs (Ca-ANT) bind to and inhibit calmodulin and that some calmodulin antagonists (CDR-ANT) block Ca2+ channels. This suggests that CDR and the CBP that regulate the Ca2+ channel may be quite homologous proteins. Ca-ANT and CDR-ANT are not effective inhibitors of the Na+-Ca2+ antiporters of heart sarcolemma and brain synaptosomes, suggesting that these antiporters are fundamentally different from the antiporter of heart mitochondria. These results are discussed in terms of Ca2+-binding proteins being potential targets for pharmacological interventions designed to block specific aspects of the action of calcium.
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Johnson, J.D., Wittenauer, L.A., Nathan, R.D. (1983). Calmodulin, Ca2+-Antagonists and Ca2+-Transporters in Nerve and Muscle. In: Goldstein, M., Jellinger, K., Riederer, P. (eds) Basic Aspects of Receptor Biochemistry. Journal of Neural Transmission, vol 18. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-4408-4_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-4408-4_9
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