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Rehabilitation nach Schlaganfall

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Kompendium der Physikalischen Medizin und Rehabilitation

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Zusammenfassung

Die wesentlichen Aufgaben der Schlaganfallrehabilitation sind Prävention, Erkennen und Management von Komorbiditäten und interkurrenten medizinischen Komplikationen, Wiedergewinnung größtmöglicher funktioneller Unabhängigkeit, die psychosoziale Reintegration, sowie die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität. Schlaganfall oder „Stroke“ charakterisiert das plötzliche und überraschende Ereignis im Rahmen einer symptomatischen zerebrovaskulären Erkrankung, gleichbedeutend mit dem wissenschaftlichen Begriff „zerebrovaskulärer Insult“. Ein Schlaganfall kann definiert werden als plötzliches neurologisches Defizit, gekennzeichnet durch Verlust der motorischen Kontrolle, durch veränderte Sensibilität, kognitive und sprachliche Beeinträchtigung, und verändertes Bewußtsein bis Koma. 85% der Schlaganfälle resultieren aus ischämischen Hirnschäden, wovon 40% durch Thrombosen großer Gefäße bedingt sind, 20% durch Thrombosen kleiner Gefäße, 20% durch zerebrale Embolien, der Rest durch seltene Ursachen, wie z.B. zerebrale Vaskulitis. Die Gefäßverschlüsse entstehen zumeist auf atherosklerotischer Basis, die zerebralen Embolien sind üblicherweise kardialen Ursprungs.

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Authors
  1. S. Brandstätter
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Univ.-Klinik für Physikalische Medizin und Rehabilitation, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich

    Veronika Fialka-Moser (Vorstand) (Vorstand)

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Brandstätter, S. (2001). Rehabilitation nach Schlaganfall. In: Fialka-Moser, V. (eds) Kompendium der Physikalischen Medizin und Rehabilitation. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-3780-2_25

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-3780-2_25

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-83318-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-3780-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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