Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

CSF β-endorphin, HVA and 5-HIAA of dementia of the Alzheimer type and Binswanger’s disease in the elderly

  • Conference paper
Neurotransmitter and Dementia

Part of the book series: Journal of Neural Transmission ((NEURAL SUPPL,volume 30))

Summary

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of β-endorphin (β- Ep), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) was measured in 15 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and in 16 patients suspected of having Binswanger’s disease (BD) by MRI, which sometimes resembles DAT clinically. These were classified into three stages according to severity of dementia, Stage 1 (mild dementia)-Stage 3 (severe dementia). CSF levels of HVA decreased significantly in severe dementia, but the level of 5-HIAA did not correlate with dementia severity in both dementia groups. β-Ep levels did not differ significantly between any stages of DAT, and among controls. β-Ep levels, however, in BD Stage 1 (27.5 ± 5.9 pg/ml) were significantly higher (p < 0.05), but level in Stage 3 (6.7 ± 2.0) was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in the controls (19.2 ± 4.5). These results suggest that CSF β-Ep may depend on the cause of dementia rather than severity of dementia, and could possibly distinguish the closely resembling BD from true DAT.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Almay BG, Johansson F, von Knorring L, Terenius L, Wahlström A (1978) Endorphins in chronic pain. 1. Differences in CSF endorphin levels between organic and psychogenic pain syndromes. Pain 5:153–162

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3rd edn (revised). Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Bareggi SR, Franceschi M, Bonini L, Zecca L, Smirne S (1982) Decreased CSF concentrations of homovanillic acid and y-aminobutyric acid in Alzheimer’s disease: age or disease-related modifications? Arch Neurol 39: 709–712

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Biemond A (1970) On Binswanger’s subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy and possibility of its clinical recognition. Psychiat Neurol Neurochir 73:413–417

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Binswanger O (1894) Die Abgrenzung der allgemeinen progressiven Paralyse. Berl Klin Wochenschr 31:1103–1105, 1137–1139, 1180–1186

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourre JM, Chanez C, Dumont O, Flexor MA (1982) Alteration of 5′-nucleotidase and Na+, K+-ATPase in central and peripheral nervous tissue from dysmyelinating mutants (jimpy, quaking, Trembler, shiverer, and mld). Comparison with CNPase in the developing sciatic nerve from Trembler. J Neurochem 38: 643–649

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brismar T (1983) Neuropathy-functional abnormalities in the BB rat. Metabolism 32 [Suppl 1]:112–117

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bulat M (1977) On the cerebral origin of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid. Brain Res 122:388–391

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bulat M, Lackovic Z, Jakupcevic M (1974) 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the lumbar fluid: a specific indicator of spinal cord injury. Science 185:527–528

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caplan LR, Schoene WC (1978) Clinical features of subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger’s disease). Neurology 28:1206–1215

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chiba T (1988) Studies of β-endorphin and methionin-enkephalin in cerebral vascular disease. Its evaluation and clinical significance of periodic changes. Nippon Ika Daigaku Zasshi 55:46–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Clement-Jones V, McLoughlin L, Tomlin S, Besser GM, Rees LH, Wen HL (1980) Increased β-endorphin but not met-enkephalin levels in human cerebrospinal fluid after acupuncture for recurrent pain. Lancet ii: 946–949

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erkinjuntti T, Sipponen JT, Iivanainen M, Ketonen L, Sulkava R, Sepponen RE (1984) Cerebral NMR and CT imaging in dementia. J Comput Assist Tomogr 8:614–618

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Facchinetti F, Nappi G, Petraglia F, Martignoni E, Sinforiani E, Genazzani AR (1984) Central ACTH deficit in degenerative and vascular dementia. Life Sci 35 :1691–1697

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Facchinetti F, Petraglia G, Nappi G, Martignoni E, Antoni G, Parrini D, Genazzani AR (1983) Different patterns of central and peripheral βEP, βLPH and ACTH throughout life. Peptides 4: 469–474

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975)“Mini-Mental State” A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189–198

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frances B, Moisand C, Meunier J-C (1985) Na+ ions and Gpp(NH)p selectively inhibit agonist interactions at µ- and k-opioid receptor sites in rabbit and Guineapig cerebellum membranes. Eur J Pharmacol 117:223–232

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Furui T, Satoh K, Asano Y, Shimosawa S, Hasuo M, Yaksh TL (1984) Increase of β-endorphin levels in cerebrospinal fluid but not in plasma in patients with cerebral infarction. J Neurosurg 61: 748–751

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • George AE, de Leon MJ, Kalnin A, Rosner L, Goodgold A, Chase N (1986) Leukoencephalopathy in normal and pathologic aging. 2. MRI of brain lucencies. AJNR 7:567–570

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grandison L, Guidotti A (1977) Stimulation of food intake by muscimol and beta endorphin. Neuropharmacology 16:533–536

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hachinski VC, Iliff LD, Zilhka M, Du Boulay GH, McAllister VL, Marshall J, Ross Russell RW, Symon L (1975) Cerebral blood flow in dementia. Arch Neurol 32: 632–637

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Izquierdo I, Netto CA (1985) The brain β-endorphin system and behavior: the modulation of consecutively and simultaneously processed memories. Behav Neural Biol 44:249–265

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jellinger K, Neumayer E (1964) Progressive subcorticale vasculäre Encephalopathie Binswanger. Eine klinisch-neuropathologische Studie. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 205:523–554

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janota I (1981) Dementia, deep white matter damage and hypertension: ‘Binswanger’s disease’. Psychol Med 11: 39–48

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiya H, Tanaka T, Takeuchi K, Morita K, Adachi S, Shirakawa H, Ueki H, Namba M (1983) Decreased level of β-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type. Life Sci 33:1039–1043

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kinkel WR, Jacobs L, Polachini I, Bates V, Heffner RR Jr (1985) Subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger’s disease). Computed tomographic, nuclear magnetic resonance, and clinical correlations. Arch Neurol 42:951–959

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKhan G, Drachman D, Folstein M, Katzman R, Price D, Stadlan E (1984) Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 34: 939–944

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nappi G, Facchinetti F, Bono G, Petraglia F, Sinforiani E, Genazzani AR (1986) CSF and plasma levels of pro-opiomelanocortin-related peptides in reversible ischemic attacks and strokes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 49:17–21

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olszewski J (1965) Subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy. Review of the literature on the so-called Binswanger’s disease and presentation of two cases. World Neurol 3:359–374

    Google Scholar 

  • Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Lampe TH, Risse SC, Taborsky GJ Jr, Dorsa D (1986) Cerebrospinal fluid vasopressin, oxytocin, somatostatin, and β-endorphin in Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43:382–388

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rezek DL, Morris JC, Fulling KH, Gado MH (1987) Periventricular white matter lucencies in senile dementia of Alzheimer type and in normal aging. Neurology 37:1365–1368

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg GA, Kornfeld M, Stovring J, Bicknell JM (1979) Subcortical arterisclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger). Computerized tomography. Neurology 29:1102–1106

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soininen H, MacDonald E, Rekonnen M, Riekkinen PJ (1981) Homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type. Acta Neurol Scand 64:101–107

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steingart A, Hacinski VC, Lau C, Fox AJ, Fox H, Lee D, Inzitari D, Merskey H (1987) Cognitive and neurologic findings in demented patients with diffuse white matter lucencies on computed tomographic scan (Leuko-Araiosis). Arch Neurol 44:36–39

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sulkava R, Erkinjuntti T, Laatikainen T (1985) CSF β-endorphin and β-lipotropin in Alzheimer’s disease and multi-infarct dementia. Neurology 35:1057–1058

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Todorov A, Go RC, Constantinidis J, Elston R (1975) Specificity of the clinical diagnosis of dementia. J Neurol Sci 26: 81–98

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tseng LF, Wei ET, Loh HH, Li CH (1980) β-Endorphin: central sites of analgesia, catalepsy and body temperature changes in rats. J Pharm Exp 214: 328–332

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wade JP, Mirsen TR, Hachinski VC, Fisman M, Lau C, Merskey H (1987) The clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Neurol 44: 24–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wardlaw SL, Stark RI, Baxi L, Frantz AG (1979) Plasma β-endorphin and β-lipotropin in the human fetus at delivery: correlation with arterial pH and po 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 49: 888–891

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yasunari K, Kohno M, Kanayama Y, Kono Y, Amatsu K, Takeda T, Sato K, Kotsugi N (1988) Changes of plasma levels of β-endorphin-like immunoreactivity after acute clonidine administration in patients with essential hypertension. Horm Metabol Res 17:324–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeumer H, Schonsky B, Sturm KW (1980) Predominant white matter involvement in subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger disease). J Comput Assist Tomogr 4:14–19

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman RD, Flemming CA, Lee BCP, Saint-Louis LA, Deck MDF (1986) Periventricular hyperintensity as seen by magnetic resonance. Prevalence and significance. AJR 146:443–450

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan

    S. Lee M.D., T. Chiba, T. Kitahama, R. Kaieda, M. Hagiwara, A. Nagazumi & A. Terashi

  2. The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 3-5-5 Iidabashi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102, Japan

    S. Lee M.D.

Authors
  1. S. Lee M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. T. Chiba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. Kitahama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. R. Kaieda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. Hagiwara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. A. Nagazumi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. A. Terashi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Gothenburg University, Hisings Backa, Sweden

    C. G. Gottfries

  2. 3rd Division of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan

    S. Nakamura

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Lee, S. et al. (1990). CSF β-endorphin, HVA and 5-HIAA of dementia of the Alzheimer type and Binswanger’s disease in the elderly. In: Gottfries, C.G., Nakamura, S. (eds) Neurotransmitter and Dementia. Journal of Neural Transmission, vol 30. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-3345-3_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-3345-3_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-82190-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-3345-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation