Skip to main content

Erfrierungen

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Alpin- und Höhenmedizin

Zusammenfassung

Erfrierungen sind Verletzungen, die in der Zivilbevölkerung v. a. in Risikogruppen vorkommen. Nicht selten begleiten sie immobisilierende Verletzungen oder eine Hypothermie, die vorrangig behandelt werden müssen. Während bei oberflächlichen Erfrierungen meist keine spezielle Therapie notwendig ist, werden heute zur Behandlung von tiefen Erfrierungen neben der raschen Wiedererwärmung im warmen Wasserbad Vasodilatantien wie Iloprost und Thrombolytika wie der rekombinante Gewebs-Plasminogen-Aktivator rtPA mit vielversprechenden Erfolgen eingesetzt. Die frühzeitige Durchführung einer Knochenszintigraphie oder einer MR- oder CT-Angiographie ermöglichen eine prognostische Abschätzung der Gewebeschädigung und einer eventuell notwendigen Amputation. Chirurgische Interventionen sind in Einzelfällen sofort notwendig, in den allermeisten Fällen aber erst nach Abschluss der Gewebsdemarkation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Barker JR, Haws MJ, Brown RE, Kucan JO, Moore WD (1997) Magnetic resonance imaging of severe frostbite injuries. Ann Plast Surg 38: 275

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cauchy E, Marsigny B, Allamel G, Verhellen R, Chetaille E (2000) The value of technetium 99 scintigraphy in the prognosis of amputation in severe frostbite injuries of the extremities: a retrospective study of 92 severe frostbite injuries. J Hand Surg 25: 969–978

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cauchy E, Chetaille E, Marchand V, Marsigny B (2001) Retrospective study of 70 cases of severe frostbite lesions: a proposed new classification scheme. Wild Environ Med 12(4): 248–255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cauchy E, Cheguillaume B, Chetaille E (2011) A controlled trial of a prostacyclin and rt-PA in the treatment of severe frostbite. N Engl J Med 364(2): 189–190

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Daanen HA, van der Struijs NR (2005) Resistance Index of Frostbite as a predictor of cold injury in arctic operations. Aviat Space Environ Med 76: 1119

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hallam MJ, Cubison T, Dheansa B, Imray C (2010) Managing frostbite. BMJ 341: 1151–1156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harirchi I, Arvin A, Vash JH, Zafarmand V (2005) Frostbite: Incidence and predisposing factors in mountaineers. Br J Sports Med 39: 898–901

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamikomaki N (2007) A climber with the DD ACE allele developed frostbite despite taking more than adequate measures against cold on Mount Everest. High Alt Med Biol 8(2): 167–168

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koljonen V, Andersson K, Mikkonen K, Vuola J (2004) Frostbite injuries treated in the Helsinki area from 1995–2002. J Trauma 57: 1315–1320

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lehmuskallio E (2000) Emollients in the prevention of frostbite. Int J Circumpolar Health 59: 122–130

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mäkinen TM, Jokelainen J, Näyhä S, Laatikainen T, Jousilahti P, Hassi J (2009) Occurrence of frostbite in general population-work-related and individual factors. Scand J Work Environ Health 35: 384–393

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh SE, Hamonko M, Freer L, Grissom CK, Auerbach PS, Rodway GW, Cochran A, Giesbrecht G, McDevitt M, Imray CH, Johnson E, Dow J, Hackett PH; Wilderness Medical Society (2011) Wilderness medical society practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of frostbite. Wild Environ Med 22: 156–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy JV, Banwell PE, Roberts AH, McGrouther DA (2000) Frostbite: Pathogenesis and treatment. J Trauma 48: 171–178

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olsen N (2002) Diagnostic aspects of vibration-induced white finger. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 75: 6

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pasquier M, Ruffinen GZ, Brugger H, Paal P (2012) Pre-hospital wrist block for digital frostbite injuries. High Alt Med Biol 3: 65–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Syme D, ICAR Medical Commission (2002) Position paper: on-site treatment of frostbite for mountaineers. High Alt Med Biol 3: 297–298

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Twomey JA, Peltier GL, Zera RT (2005) An open-label study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tissue plasminogen activator in treatment of severe frostbite. J Trauma 59(6): 1350–1354; discussion 54–55

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zafren K (2013) Frostbite: Prevention and initial management. High Alt Med Biol 14: 9–12

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rosmarie Oberhammer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Wien

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Oberhammer, R., Cauchy, E. (2015). Erfrierungen. In: Berghold, F., et al. Alpin- und Höhenmedizin. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1833-7_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1833-7_20

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-1832-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-1833-7

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics