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Clinical Neurophysiology in Disorders of Consciousness pp 133–148Cite as

Brain-Computer Interface for Assessing Consciousness in Severely Brain-Injured Patients

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Abstract

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are tools that allow overcoming motor disability in patients with brain injury, allowing them to communicate with the environment. This chapter reviews studies on BCI applications in patients with disorders of consciousness, including EEG and fMRI applications, with a critical appraisal regarding false-positive and false-negative results. The role of steady-state visually evoked potentials and of the cognitive evoked potential P3 (or P300) will be highlighted. Future research has to overcome several challenges limiting current BCI application in routine practice and provide more reliable tools for diagnosis. Alternative protocols might be of interest in the development of easy-to-use systems for caregivers.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Based on CRS-R data obtained from Pokorny et al. Note that for four patients, subscales scores were not available, preventing the current analysis in terms of false negatives.

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Acknowledgment

We gratefully acknowledge Martin Monti, Christoph Pokorny, and Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse for their collaboration on the patients’ data information. This study was supported by the National Funds for Scientific Research (FNRS), Action de Recherche Concertée, Fonds Léon Fredericq, James S. McDonnell Foundation, Mind Science Foundation, University of Liège, the Belgian American Educational Foundation (BAEF), the Fédération Wallonie Bruxelles International (WBI), and the Belgian Interuniversity Attraction Pole. CC is funded by the BAEF and WBI; SL is an FNRS research director. The text reflects solely the views of its authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, Sart-Tilman B30, Liège, 4000, Belgium

    Camille Chatelle

  2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Camille Chatelle & Yelena Guller

  3. Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University and University Hospital of Liège, Sart-Tilman B30, Liège, 4000, Belgium

    Damien Lesenfants, Steven Laureys MD, PhD & Quentin Noirhomme PhD

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  1. Camille Chatelle
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  2. Damien Lesenfants
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  4. Steven Laureys MD, PhD
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  5. Quentin Noirhomme PhD
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Correspondence to Camille Chatelle .

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  1. Service de Neurologie CHUV BH-07, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Andrea O. Rossetti

  2. Cyclotron Research Centre Coma Science Group, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium

    Steven Laureys

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Chatelle, C., Lesenfants, D., Guller, Y., Laureys, S., Noirhomme, Q. (2015). Brain-Computer Interface for Assessing Consciousness in Severely Brain-Injured Patients. In: Rossetti, A., Laureys, S. (eds) Clinical Neurophysiology in Disorders of Consciousness. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1634-0_11

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