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Molecular Parasitology pp 431–489Cite as

Parasite-Vector Interactions

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Abstract

In the most important protozoan tropical diseases – malaria, leishmaniosis, sleeping sickness and Chagas disease – the parasites are transmitted to humans by specific vectors: the sporozoan Plasmodium spp. by female Anopheles mosquitoes, Leishmania spp. by female sandflies, Trypanosoma brucei ssp. by both gender of tsetse flies and Trypanosoma cruzi by all stages of triatomines. In the lumen of the vector´s gut, all parasites are confronted with the digestive enzymes of the insect and its intestinal immune reactions but also to the microbial fauna. If the parasites are transmitted via the saliva, they must also evade the immune reactions during their way to and in the salivary glands. On the molecular base, specific surface components of the parasites and respective receptors of the insect induce an attachment to or an invasion of the respective tissue, the development of infectious stages and/or immune reactions. In refractory vectors, the latter kill the parasites, but in susceptible vectors at least some parasites survive and can be transmitted. Since full genome sequences are available for many vector species and parasites, modern genomic and proteomic analyses will perhaps identify targets for control of parasite development in the vector.

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Acknowledgments

We are very grateful to many colleagues who provided us with most recently published results and especially to Keith Gull for his indication to Wenyon’s textbook.

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  1. Zoologie/Parasitologie, Ruhr-Universität-Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany

    Günter A. Schaub & Patric Vogel

  2. Central Institute of the Bundeswehr, Medical Service Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany

    Carsten Balczun

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  1. Günter A. Schaub
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  2. Patric Vogel
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Correspondence to Günter A. Schaub .

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  1. Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Julia Walochnik

  2. Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria

    Michael Duchêne

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Schaub, G.A., Vogel, P., Balczun, C. (2016). Parasite-Vector Interactions. In: Walochnik, J., Duchêne, M. (eds) Molecular Parasitology. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1416-2_14

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