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New Insight on the Mechanisms of Epileptogenesis in the Developing Brain

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Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery

Part of the book series: Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery ((NEUROSURGERY,volume 39))

Abstract

The incidence of epilepsy is at its highest in childhood and seizures can persist for a lifetime. As brain tissue from pediatric patients with epilepsy is rarely available, the analysis of molecular and cellular changes during epileptogenesis, which could serve as targets for treatment approaches, has to rely largely on the analysis of tissue from animal models. However, these data have to be analyzed in the context of the developmental stage when the insult occurs. Here we review the current status of the available animal models, the molecular analysis done in these models, as well as treatment attempts to prevent epileptogenesis in the immature brain. Considering that epilepsy is one of the major childhood neurological diseases, it is remarkable how little is known on epileptogenesis in the immature brain at a molecular level. It is a true challenge for the future to expand the armamentarium of clinically relevant animal models, and systematic analysis of molecular and cellular data to enhance the probability of developing syndrome specific antiepileptogenic treatments and biomarkers for acquired pediatric epileptogenesis.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Academy of Finland (AP), The Sigrid Juselius Foundation (AP), CURE (AP), PMSE grant 888/N-ESF-EuroEPINOMICS/10/2011/0 (KL), statutory funds of the Nencki Institute (KL), grant Nos. P302/10/0971 and P304/12/G069 from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (HK), grant No. ME08045 from the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (HK), and by the long-term strategic development financing of the Institute of Physiology ASCR RVO:67985823 (HK).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, CZ-142 20, Czech Republic

    Hana Kubova

  2. Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland

    Katarzyna Lukasiuk

  3. Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland

    Asla Pitkänen

  4. Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, 1777, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland

    Asla Pitkänen

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  1. Hana Kubova
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  2. Katarzyna Lukasiuk
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  3. Asla Pitkänen
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Correspondence to Asla Pitkänen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fac. Medicine, Dept. Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, 06100, Turkey

    Nejat Akalan

  2. Ist. Neurochirurgia, Dipto. Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy

    Concezio Di Rocco

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Kubova, H., Lukasiuk, K., Pitkänen, A. (2012). New Insight on the Mechanisms of Epileptogenesis in the Developing Brain. In: Akalan, N., Di Rocco, C. (eds) Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery, vol 39. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1360-8_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1360-8_1

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