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Fear and Memory: A View of the Hippocampus Through the Lens of the Amygdala

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Space,Time and Memory in the Hippocampal Formation

Abstract

Studies of the brain’s fear circuits have significantly advanced our neurobiological understanding of learning and memory systems. Fear and anxiety are often rooted in memories of past experiences and can be aroused by recognition of familiar stimuli that predict danger. In this chapter, we examine how the amygdala and hippocampus regulate interactions between fear and memory, with emphasis upon evidence derived from studies of Pavlovian fear conditioning. Convergent behavioral, pharmacological, anatomical, and neurophysiological findings indicate that amygdala circuits can rapidly and permanently store information about which environmental stimuli and events predict danger. These same amygdala circuits are interconnected with the ventral hippocampus (VH), and together, the amygdala and VH may be core components of an emotional memory system in the mammalian brain. The dorsal hippocampus (DH) is not directly connected with the amygdala, but it also makes important contributions to fear conditioning by supporting cognitive memory processes that are essential for recognizing cues and contexts that can predict threats. We discuss how neural representations stored in the amygdala and hippocampus support the mammalian brain’s ability to map states of the world onto expectations of danger.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UCLA Psychology Department, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Hugh T. Blair

  2. Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Michael S. Fanselow

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Michael S. Fanselow

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  1. Hugh T. Blair
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  2. Michael S. Fanselow
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Correspondence to Hugh T. Blair .

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  1. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

    Dori Derdikman

  2. The Solomon H. Snyder Dept. of Neurosc., John Hopkins University The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    James J. Knierim

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Blair, H.T., Fanselow, M.S. (2014). Fear and Memory: A View of the Hippocampus Through the Lens of the Amygdala. In: Derdikman, D., Knierim, J. (eds) Space,Time and Memory in the Hippocampal Formation. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1292-2_17

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