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Adult Neurogenesis in the Dentate Gyrus

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Space,Time and Memory in the Hippocampal Formation

Abstract

Adult neurogenesis is a unique form of structural plasticity in the brain. Localized specifically to the dentate gyrus region, new granule cells continue to integrate into the functioning circuit throughout life. Over the last 2 decades, neurogenesis has gone from a controversial side note within the hippocampal community to a process believed to potentially impact many aspects of learning and memory. Here, we will provide a basic overview of the neurogenesis process, both in terms of its anatomical and physiological development and its tight coupling to physical and cognitive behavior. We will then summarize the current hypotheses explaining how new neurons could affect dentate gyrus and hippocampal function, touching both on theoretical and computational studies. From this perspective, we will review results from behavioral studies in animal knockdowns of neurogenesis and the observations of new neuron behavior during behavioral tasks.

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Acknowledgments

James B. Aimone is supported in part through the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories. Fred H. Gage and Wei Deng are supported through grants from the James S. McDonnell Foundation, Ellison Foundation, and NIMH.

Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cognitive Modeling Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185-1327, USA

    James B. Aimone

  2. Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA

    Wei Deng & Fred H. Gage

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  1. James B. Aimone
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  2. Wei Deng
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  3. Fred H. Gage
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Correspondence to Fred H. Gage .

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  1. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

    Dori Derdikman

  2. The Solomon H. Snyder Dept. of Neurosc., John Hopkins University The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    James J. Knierim

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Aimone, J.B., Deng, W., Gage, F.H. (2014). Adult Neurogenesis in the Dentate Gyrus. In: Derdikman, D., Knierim, J. (eds) Space,Time and Memory in the Hippocampal Formation. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1292-2_15

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