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Efficacy of Transplant and Endogenous Precursor and Stem Cell Interventions on Stroke Recovery: A Critical Assessment

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Abstract

For the vast majority of stroke survivors, the best hope for recovery is through rehabilitation. Unfortunately, while beneficial, rehabilitation often leaves patients with significant residual disabilities that markedly reduce quality of life. The discovery that the brain produces new neurons throughout life and that these neural progenitor cells and stem cells migrate towards the site of brain injury has raised hopes that these cells may be mobilized or transplanted in the stroke-injured brain to enhance functional recovery. In this chapter, we summarize studies in which growth factors and other agents have been used to mobilize endogenous neural stem and progenitor cells towards the site of stroke damage. We also review similar studies in which the approach has been to deliver these cells systemically or directly to the brain by transplantation. With both approaches, it is evident that stem cell efficacy can be improved through the application of novel cell and drug delivery systems to improve cell migration and survival. Similarly, many other factors (e.g. post-stroke rehabilitation, age, disease co-morbidity) influence stem cell fate and ultimately their apparent restorative efficacy. To avoid the translational roadblocks that hampered neuroprotection studies, it will be imperative to understand the modulating effects of these important variables.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Dale Corbett Ph.D., Cindi Morshead Ph.D. & Molly Shoichet Ph.D.

  2. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Roger Guindon Hall, Room 3510F, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada

    Dale Corbett Ph.D.

  3. Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada

    Dale Corbett Ph.D.

  4. Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Suite RFE 3-805-200 Elizabeth St., Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada

    Dale Corbett Ph.D.

  5. Department of Surgery and Department of Rehabilitation Science, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, The Donnelly Centre, 160 College Street – Room 1006, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada

    Cindi Morshead Ph.D.

  6. Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, The Donnelly Centre, 160 College Street – Room 514, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada

    Molly Shoichet Ph.D.

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  1. Dale Corbett Ph.D.
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  2. Cindi Morshead Ph.D.
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  1. , Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland

    Jukka Jolkkonen

  2. School of Medicine, Division of MR Research, Johns Hopkins University, N Broadway 733, Baltimore, 21205, Maryland, USA

    Piotr Walczak

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Corbett, D., Morshead, C., Shoichet, M. (2013). Efficacy of Transplant and Endogenous Precursor and Stem Cell Interventions on Stroke Recovery: A Critical Assessment. In: Jolkkonen, J., Walczak, P. (eds) Cell-Based Therapies in Stroke. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1175-8_4

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