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Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides pp 371–387Cite as

The Molecular Basis of Lipid A and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Interactions

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Abstract

In 1989 Charles Janeway proposed the concept of ‘Immune recognition’. He suggested that ‘a critical issue for future study is the analysis of microbial signals that induce second signalling capacity in antigen-presenting cells, and the receptors on antigen presenting cells that detect these microbial signals. … I term these receptors pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)’ [1]. From the early 1990s genetic studies in Drosophila and vertebrates led to the identification of the membrane associated Toll and Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the canonical PRRs predicted by Janeway. This was followed by the identification of different families of cytosolic PRRs including Retinoic acid-Inducible Gene-Like Receptors, Nucleotide Oligomerisation Domain-like receptors and Absent in melanoma-like receptors all of which play a role in pathogen recognition.

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Acknowledgements

Research by the authors was funded by the Horserace Betting Levy Board, the Wellcome Trust, and The Medical Research Council.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Applied Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD

    Georgina L. Hold

  2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK, CB3 0ES

    Clare E. Bryant

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemi, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, V-334, 119991, Russian Federation

    Yuriy A. Knirel

  2. Centre for Human Immunology and, Department of Microbiology and Immunolog, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Ontario, Canada

    Miguel A. Valvano

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Hold, G.L., Bryant, C.E. (2011). The Molecular Basis of Lipid A and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Interactions. In: Knirel, Y., Valvano, M. (eds) Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0733-1_12

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