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Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Pathogenesis: A Response-to-Injury Paradigm

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Intracerebral Hemorrhage Research

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 111))

Abstract

Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a rare but important cause of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in young adults. In this paper, we review both human and animal studies of brain AVM, focusing on the: (1) natural history of AVM hemorrhage, (2) genetic and expression studies of AVM susceptibility and hemorrhage, and (3) strategies for development of a brain AVM model in adult mice. These data target various mechanisms that must act in concert to regulate normal angiogenic response to injury. Based on the various lines of evidence reviewed in this paper, we propose a “response-to-injury” model of brain AVM pathogenesis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the UCSF Brain AVM study project members http://avm.ucsf.edu; the other Principal Investigators (Nancy Boudreau, Tomoki Hashimoto, Charles E. McCulloch, Stephen Nishimura) of P01 NS044155 (Young), “Integrative Study of Brain Vascular Malformations”; and Voltaire Gungab for assistance in manuscript preparation. Studies are supported in part by R01 NS034949 (WLY), R01 NS027713 (WLY), and K23 NS058357 (HK).

Conflict of interest statement We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Helen Kim, Hua Su, Shantel Weinsheimer, Ludmila Pawlikowska & William L. Young

  2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Helen Kim

  3. Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Helen Kim & Ludmila Pawlikowska

  4. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    William L. Young

  5. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    William L. Young

  6. Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Rm. 3C-38, San Francisco, 94110, CA, USA

    William L. Young

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  1. Helen Kim
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  2. Hua Su
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  3. Shantel Weinsheimer
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  4. Ludmila Pawlikowska
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  5. William L. Young
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Correspondence to William L. Young .

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  1. , Neurosurgery, Physiology, Loma Linda University, Campus Street 11041, Loma Linda, 92530, USA

    John Zhang

  2. School of Medicine, Dept. Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Anderson St. 11234, Loma Linda, 92354, California, USA

    Austin Colohan

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Kim, H., Su, H., Weinsheimer, S., Pawlikowska, L., Young, W.L. (2011). Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Pathogenesis: A Response-to-Injury Paradigm. In: Zhang, J., Colohan, A. (eds) Intracerebral Hemorrhage Research. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum, vol 111. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0693-8_14

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