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General aspects of neurodegeneration

  • Conference paper
Advances in Research on Neurodegeneration

Part of the book series: Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa ((NEURAL SUPPL,volume 65))

Summary

Neurodegenerative diseases are morphologically featured by progressive cell loss in specific vulnerable neuronal populations of the central nervous system, often associated with cytoskeletal protein aggregates forming intracytoplasmic and/or intranuclear inclusions in neurons and/or glial cells. Most neurodegenerative disorders are now classified either according to the hitherto known genetic mechanisms or to the major components of their cellular protein inclusions. The major basic processes inducing neuro-degeneration are considered multifactorial ones caused by genetic, environ-mental, and endogenous factors. They include abnormal protein dynamics with defective protein degradation and aggregation, many of them related to the ubiquitin-proteasomal system, oxidative stress and free radical formation, impaired bioenergetics and mitochondrial dysfunctions, and “neuroinflam-matory” processes. These mechanisms that are usually interrelated in complex vitious circles finally leading to programmed cell death cascades are briefly discussed with reference to their pathogenetic role in many, albeit diverse neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer disease, synucleino-pathies, tauopathies, and polyglutamine disorders. The impact of protein inclusions on cell dysfunction, activation or prevention of cell death cascades are discussed, but the molecular basis for the underlying disease mechanisms remains to be elucidated.

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  1. Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Kenyongasse 18, A-1070, Vienna, Austria

    Prof. Dr. K. A. Jellinger

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  1. Prof. Dr. K. A. Jellinger
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurobiotec, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany

    R. Horowski

  2. Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Y. Mizuno

  3. Department of Neurology, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    C. W. Olanow

  4. Department of Neurology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

    W. H. Poewe

  5. Department of Psychiatry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany

    P. Riederer

  6. Neurodegenerative Disorders Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

    J. A. Stoessl

  7. Department of Pharmacology, Technion — Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

    M. B. H. Youdim

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Jellinger, K.A. (2003). General aspects of neurodegeneration. In: Horowski, R., et al. Advances in Research on Neurodegeneration. Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa, vol 65. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0643-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0643-3_7

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