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Der extrakorporale Kreislauf (Herz-Lungen-Maschine)

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Kompendium der modernen Herzchirurgie beim Erwachsenen

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Zusammenfassung

Erst die Anwendbarkeit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine (HLM) hat die routinemäßige und sichere Durchführung von Operationen am Herzen ermöglicht. Während der Operation übernimmt die HLM die Funktionen von Herz und Lunge (cardiopulmonary bypass, CPB). Dabei zirkuliert das Blut außerhalb des Körpers in einem geschlossenen künstlichen Kreislauf (extrakorporale Zirkulation, EKZ bzw. extracorporeal circulation, ECC). Die HLM ist gegenwärtig, trotz Off-Pump-Techniken und der Zunahme interventioneller Verfahren, als unverzichtbares Standardverfahren aus den herzchirurgischen Operationssälen nicht wegzudenken. Der sichere Einsatz erfordert eine gute Vorbereitung, ausreichende technische Kenntnisse und die sachgerechte Anwendung. Für den eigentlichen Betrieb und die intraoperative Überwachung der HLM ist primär der Kardiotechniker verantwortlich, aber auch der Chirurg muss über fundierte Kenntnisse der HLM-Funktion und ihre technischen Komponenten verfügen, um etwa Fehler und Probleme rasch bemerken und korrigieren zu können. Dabei sind eine reibungslose Kommunikation und ein unmissverständliches Zusammenspiel zwischen dem Chirurgen, dem Kardiotechniker und dem Anästhesisten unerlässlich. Zwischenfälle sind beinahe immer durch mangelnde Vorbereitung, Unachtsamkeit, Verwechslungen oder andere Missverständnisse verursacht.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fumedica, EBCP, Muri, Schweiz

    Erich Gygax

  2. Helios Klinikum München West, Klinik für Gefäßchirurgie Aortenzentrum Süd, München, Deutschland

    Olaf Stanger

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  1. Erich Gygax
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  2. Olaf Stanger
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Correspondence to Erich Gygax .

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  1. Helios Klinikum München West, Klinik für Gefäßchirurgie Aortenzentrum Süd, München, Germany

    Olaf Stanger

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Gygax, E., Stanger, O. (2020). Der extrakorporale Kreislauf (Herz-Lungen-Maschine). In: Stanger, O. (eds) Kompendium der modernen Herzchirurgie beim Erwachsenen. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0451-4_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0451-4_2

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-0450-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-0451-4

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