Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literaturverzeichnis
M. Barber, R. S. Bordoli, R. D. Sedgwick, A. N. Tyler. Fast Atom Bombardment of Solids (F.A.B.): A New Ion Source for Mass Spectrometry. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (1981), 325–327.
R. M. Caprioli. Continuous-Flow Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 62 (1990), 477A-485A.
(a) C. R. Blakley, J. J. Carmody, M. L. Vestal. A New Soft Ionization Technique for Mass Spectrometry of Complex Molecules. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102 (1980), 5931–5933.
C. R. Blakley, J. J. Carmody, M. L. Vestal. Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer for Analysis of Nonvolatile Samples. Anal. Chem. 52 (1980), 1636–1641.
J. D. Henion. Drug Analysis by Continuously Monitored Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry with a Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer. Anal. Chem. 50 (1976), 1687–1693.
(a) R. C. Willoughby, R. F. Browner. Monodisperse Aerosol Generation Interface for Combining Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 56 (1984), 2626–2631.
(b) P. C. Winkler, D. D. Perkins, W. K. Williams, R. F. Browner. Performance of an Improved Mono-disperse Aerosol Generation Interface for Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 60 (1988), 489–493.
W. V. Lignon Jr., S. B. Dorn. Particle Beam Interface for Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 62 (1990), 2573–2580.
B. P. Stimpson, D. S. Simons, C. A. Evans Jr. Mass Spectrometry of Solvated Ions Generated Directly from the Liquid Phase by Electrohydrodynamic Ionization. J. Phys. Chem. 82 (1978), 660–670.
(a) E. C. Horning, M. G. Horning, D. I. Carroll, I. Dzidic, R. N. Stillwell. New Picogram Detection System Based on a Mass Spectrometer with an External Ionization Source at Atmospheric Pressure. Anal. Chem. 45 (1973), 936–943.
(b) E. C. Horning, D. I. Carroll, I. Dzidic, K. D. Haegele, M. G. Horning, R. N. Stillwell. Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer-Computer Analytical Systems: A Continuous-flow System Based on Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. 99 (1974), 13–21.
(c) D. I. Carroll, I. Dzidic, R. N. Stilwell, K. D. Haegele, E. C. Horning. Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Corona Discharge Ion Source for Use in Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer-Computer Analytical System. Anal. Chem. 47 (1975), 2369–2373.
(d) I. Dzidic, D. I. Carroll, R. N. Stilwell, E. C. Horning. Comparison of Positive Ions Formed in Nickel-63 and Corona Discharge Ion Sources Using Nitrogen, Argon, Isobutane, Ammonia and Nitric Oxide as Reagents in Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 48 (1976), 1763–1767.
B. A. Thomson, J. V. Iribarne, P. J. Dziedzic. Liquid Ion Evaporation/Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Polar and Labile Molecules. Anal. Chem. 54 (1982), 2219–2224.
Sciex Inc. (Hrsg.). The API Book. Kanada: Firmenschrift Sciex Inc. 5. Auflage 1990.
R. L. Hines. Electrostatic Atomization and Spray Painting. J. Appl. Phys. 7 (1966), 2730–2736.
(a) B. Vonnegut, R. L. Neubauer. Production of Monodisperse Liquid Particles by Electrical Atomization. J. Colloid Sci. 7(1952), 616–622.
(b) A. Doyle, D. R. Mofett, B. Vonnegut. Behaviour of Evaporating Electrically Charged Droplets. J. Colloid Sci. 19 (1964), 136–143.
(c) M. A. Abbas, J. Latham. The Instability of Evaporating Charged Droplets. J. Fluid Mech. 30 (1967), 663–670.
(d) J. W. Schweizer, D. N. Hanson. Stability Limit of Charged Drops. J. Colloid. Interf. Sci. 35 (1971), 417–423.
M. Dole, L. D. Ferguson, R. L. Hines, R. C. Mobley, L. D. Ferguson, M. B. Alice. Molecular Beams of Macroions. J. Chem. Phys. 49 (1968), 2240–2249.
M. Yamashita, J. B. Fenn. Electrospray Ion Source. Another Variation on the Free-Jet Theme. J. Phys. Chem. 88 (1984), 4451–4459.
M. Yamashita, J. B. Fenn. Negative Ion Production with the Electrospray Ion Source. J. Phys. Chem. 88 (1984), 4671–4675.
M. L. Aleksandrov, L. N. Gall’, N. V. Krasnov, V. I. Nikolaev, V. A. Shkurov. Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Thermally Unstable Compounds of Low Volatility by the Extraction of Ions from Solution at Atmospheric Pressure. J. Anal. Chem. USSR 40 (1985), 1227–1236.
C. M. Whitehouse, R. N. Dreyer, M. Yamashita, J. B. Fenn. Electrospray Interface for Liquid Chromato-graphs and Mass Spectrometers. Anal. Chem. 57 (1985), 675–679.
S. F. Wong, C. K. Meng, J. B. Fenn. Multiple Charging in Electrospray Ionization of Polyethylene glycols). J. Phys. Chem. 92 (1988), 546–550.
J. A. Olivares, N. T. Nguyen, C. R. Yonker, R. D. Smith. On-Line Mass Spectrometric Detection for Capillary Zone Electrophoresis. Anal. Chem. 59 (1987), 1230–1232.
(a) A. P. Bruins, T. R. Covey, J. D. Henion. Ion Spray Interface for Combined Liquid Chromato-graphy/Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 59 (1987), 2642–2646.
(b) J. D. Henion, T. R. Covey, A. P. Bruins. Ion Spray Interface Device between Liquid Chromatograph and Mass Spectrometer. US Patent 4861988 vom 30.09.87. Anmelder: Cornell Research Foundation Inc. Abstract in Chem. Abstr. 112:04, 030093, 1990.
Lord Rayleigh. On the Equilibrium of Liquid Conducting Masses Charged with Electricity. Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science (Philos. Mag.) 14 (1882), 184–186.
P. Kebarle, L. Tang. From Ions in Solution to Ions in the Gas Phase. Anal. Chem. 65 (1993), 972A-986A.
(a) J. V. Iribarne, B. A. Thomson. On the Evaporation of Small Ions from Charged Droplets. J. Chem. Phys. 64 (1976), 2287–2294.
(b) B. A. Thomson, J. V. Iribarne. Field Induced Ion Evaporation from Liquid Surfaces at Atmospheric Pressure. J. Chem. Phys. 71 (1979), 4451–4463.
(a) F. W. Röllgen, E. Bramer-Weger, L. Bütfering. Field Ion Emission from Liquid Solutions: Ion Evaporation against Electrohydrodynamic Disintegration. J. Phys. (Paris) 48 (1987), 253–256.
(b) F. W. Röllgen, H. Nehring, U. Giessmann. Mechanisms of Field Induced Desolvation of Ions from Liquids. In: A. Hedin, B. U. R. Sundqvist, A. Benninghoven (Hrsg.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Ion Formation from Organic Solids (IFOS V). New York: Wiley & Sons. 1989. S. 155–160.
(a) G. Schmelzeisen-Redeker, L. Bütfering, U. Giessmann, F. W. Röllgen. Formation and Decomposition of Charged Solid Particles in Thermospray Mass Spectrometry. Adv. Mass Spectrom. Vol. 10 B. 1986. S. 631–632.
(b) G. Schmelzeisen-Redeker, L. Bütfering, F. W. Röllgen. Desolvation of Ions and Molecules in Thermospray Mass Spectrometry. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 90 (1989), 139–150.
F. W. Röllgen, U. Lüttgens, Th. Dülcks, U. Giessmann. On the Release of Ions from Charged Droplets in Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. San Francisco: Proceedings of the 41st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. 1993.
(a) H. Dehmelt. Experimente mit einem isolierten, subatomaren, ruhenden Teilchen (Nobel-Vortrag). Angew. Chem. 102 (1990), 774–779.
(b) W. Paul. Elektromagnetische Käfige für geladene und neutrale Teilchen (Nobel-Vortrag). Angew. Chem. 102 (1990), 780–789.
(a) G. J. van Berkel, G. L. Glish, S. A. McLuckey. Electrospray Ionization Combined with Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 62 (1990), 1284–1295.
(b) A. V. Mordehai, G. Hopfgartner, T. G. Huggins, J. D. Henion. Atmospheric-pressure Ionization Interface for a Bench-Top Quadrupole Ion Trap. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 6 (1992), 508–516.
J. D. Williams, K. A. Cox, R. G. Cooks, R. E. Kaiser Jr., J. C. Schwartz. High Mass-resolution Using a Quadrupole Ion-trap Mass Spectrometer. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 5 (1991), 327–329.
(a) S. C. Beu, M. W. Senko, J. P. Quinn, F. M. Wampler, F. W. McLafferty. Fourier-Transform Electrospray Instrumentation for Tandem High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry of Large Molecules. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 4 (1993), 557–565.
(b) B. E. Winger, S. A. Hofstadler, J. E. Bruce, H. R. Udseth, R. D. Smith. High-Resolution Accurate Mass Measurements of Biomolecules Using a New Electrospray Ionization Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer. /. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 4 (1993), 566–577.
C. Brunnée. The Ideal Mass Analyzer: Fact or Fiction? Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 76 (1987), 125–237.
(a) J. G. Boyle, C. M. Whitehouse, J. B. Fenn. An Ion-Storage Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer for Analysis of Electrospray Ions. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 5 (d), 400–405.
(b) J. G. Boyle, C. M. Whitehouse. Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry with an Electrospray Ion Beam. Anal. Chem. 64 (1992), 2084–2089.
(c) S. M. Michael, B. M. Chien, D. M. Lubman. Detection of Electrospray Ionization Using a Quadrupole Ion Trap Storage/Reflectron Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer. Anal. Chem. 65 (1993), 2614–2620.
C. N. McEwen, B. S. Larsen. Accurate Mass Measurement of Proteins Using Electrospray Ionization on a Magnetic Sector Instrument. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 6 (1992), 173–178.
J. R. Chapman, R. T. Gallagher, E. C. Barton, J. M. Curtis, P. J. Derrick. Advances of High-resolution and High-mass Range Magnetic-Sector Mass Spectrometry for Electrospray Ionization. Org. Mass Spectrom. 27 (1992), 195–203.
R. B. Cody, J. Tamura, B. D. Musselman. Electrospray Ionization/Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometry: Calibration, Resolution, and Accurate Mass Measurements. Anal. Chem. 64 (1992), 1561–1570.
A. M. Starrett, G. C. DiDonato. High Resolution Accurate Mass Measurement of Product Ions Formed in an Electrospray Source on a Sector Instrument. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 7 (1993), 12–15.
P. Dobberstein, E. Schröder. Accurate Mass Determination of a High Molecular Weight Protein Using Electro-spray Ionization with a Magnetic Sector Instrument. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 7 (1993), 861–864.
(a) S. K. Chowdhury, V. Katta, B. T. Chait. An Electrospray-Ionization Mass Spectrometer with New Features. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 4 (1990), 81–87.
(b) S. K. Chowdhury, V. Katta, B. T. Chait. Electrospray-ionization Mass Spectrometer with New Features. US Patent 4977320 A vom 11.12.1990. Anmelder: Rockefeller University. Abstract in Chem. Abstr. 114(18), 177684z.
(a) M. Hail, I. Mylchreest. Characterization of a New Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Interface for Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. San Francisco: Proceedings of the 41st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. 1993. S. 745.
(b) I. Mylchreest, M. Hail. A Heated Capillary Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Source with an Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Interface. San Francisco: Proceedings of the 41st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. 1993. S. 1074.
J. Hau, W. Schrader, M. Linscheid. Continuous-flow Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry: a Concept to Improve the Sensitivity. Org. Mass Spectrom. 28 (1993), 216–222.
J. Hau, W. Nigge, M. Linscheid. A New Ion Source for Liquid Chromatography/Thermospray Mass Spectrometry with a Magnetic Sector Field Mass Spectrometer. Org. Mass Spectrom. 28 (1993), 223–229.
W. Nigge. Bestimmung von zinnorganischen Verbindungen mit der Thermospray LC/MS. Fachhochschule Steinfurt und Institut für Spektrochemie und angewandte Spektroskopie Dortmund: Diplomarbeit. 1993.
J. Hau, M. Linscheid. MSGRAPH: A Program for the Display of LC/MS Data. Spectrochimica Acta 48B (1993), E1047-E1051.
(a) C. F. Giese. Strong Focusing Ion Source for Mass Spectrometers. Rev. Sci. Instr. 30 (1959), 260–261.
(b) H. A. Enge. Ion Focusing /Properties of a Quadrupole Lens Pair. Rev. Scvi. Instr. 30 (1959), 248–251.
(c) C.-S. Lu, H. E. Carr. Electrostatic Quadrupole Lens Pair for Mass Spectrometers. Rev. Sci. Instr. 33 (1962), 823–824.
(d) H. A. Enge. Ion-focusing Properties of a Three-Element Quadrupole Lens System. Rev. Sci. Instr. 32 (1961), 662–665.
(e) E. T. Kinzer, H. Carr. Strong-focusing Ion Source. Rev. Sci. Instr. 30 (1959), 1132.
(a) C. E. D. Ouwerkerk, A. J. H. Boerboom. A Low-voltage Ion Desorption Source for High Molecular Weight Ions. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 71 (1986), 59–73.
(b) C. E. D. Ouwerkerk. A High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometer for the Collision-Induced Dissociation of Large Molecular Ions. Universität Amsterdam: Dissertation. 1986.
G. Kilpatrick, I. A. S. Lewis, J. F. Smith. The Reduction of Collision Induced Dissociation Effects in Thermospray Sources on Sector Instruments. Biomed. Environm. Mass Spectrom. 14 (1987), 155–159.
H. Kambara. Sample Introduction System for Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Nonvolatile Compounds. Anal. Chem. 54 (1982), 143–146.
J. Hau. Thermospray-LC/MS: Systemoptimierung in Verbindung mit einer neuartigen Ionenquelle für Sektorfeld-Massenspektrometer. Universität Münster und Institut für Spektrochemie und angewandte Spektroskopie Dortmund: Diplomarbeit. 1990.
(a) D. A. Dahl. SIMION PC/PS2 Ion Lens Program, Overlay Version 4.01, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Revision.
(b) D. A. Dahl, J. E. Delmore. The SIMION PC/PS2 User’s Manual, Version 4.0. Idaho National Engineering Laboratory / U.S. Dept. of Energy. 1988.
P. Jayaweera, L. Ramaley, A. J. H. Boerboom. Electrostatic Quadrupole Lens Simulation in Potential Array Relaxation Programs. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 3 (1989), 140–144.
E. E. Gulcicek, C. M. Whitehouse, J. G. Boyle. Fundamental Energy Studies of Electrospray Ions Entrained in a Free Jet Expansion. San Francisco: Proceedings of the 41st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. 1993. S. 746.
T. Covey, D. J. Douglas. Collision Cross Sections for Protein Ions. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 4 (1993), 616–623.
S. D. Tanner. Space Charge in ICP-MS: Calculation and Implications. Spectrochim. Acta 47B (1992), 809–823.
A. P. Bruins. Mass Spectrometry with Ion Sources Operating at Atmospheric Pressure. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 10 (1991), 53–77.
P. W. Atkins. Physikalische Chemie. Weinheim: Verlag Chemie. 1987. ISBN 3–527-25913–9.
(a) Kap. 26.2, S. 665 ff.
(b)Kap. 32, S. 811 ff.
(c) Kap. 7.6, S. 158 ff.
(d)Kap. 27.3 c, S. 696 f.
R. D. Smith, K. J. Light-Wahl. The Observation of Non-covalent Interactions in Solution by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Promise, Pitfalls and Prognosis. Biol. Mass Spectrom. 22 (1993), 493–501.
D. J. Douglas, J. B. French. Collisional Focusing Effects in Radio Frequency Quadrupoles. J. Amer. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 3 (1992), 398–408.
R. G. Cooks, G. L. Glish, S. A. McLuckey, R. E. Kaiser. Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry. Chem. Eng. News (1991), 26–41.
(a) A. H. Grange, R. J. O’Brien, D. F. Barofsky. Discharge Suppression System for a Double Focusing, Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometer. Rev. Sci. Instr. 59 (1988), 656–658.
(b) A. H. Grange, R. J. O’Brien, D. F. Barofsky. Medium resolution Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometer. Rev. Sci. Instr. 59 (1988), 573–579.
J. H. Futrell, L. H. Wojcik. Modification of High Resolution Mass Spectrometer for Chemical Ionization Studies. Rev. Sci. Instr. 42 (1971), 244–251.
(a) S. B. Ryali, J. B. Fenn. Clustering in Free Jets — Aggregation by Dispersion. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 88 (1984), 245–253.
(b) R. Campargue. Progress in Overexpanded Supersonic Jets and Skimmed Molecular Beams in Free-Jet Zones of Silence. J. Phys. Chem. 88 (1984), 4466–4474.
(c) A. Kantrowitz, J. Grey. A High Intensity Source for the Molecular Beam. Part I. Theoretical. Rev. Sci. Instr. 22 (1951), 328–332.
(d) G. B. Kistiakowsky, W. P. Slichter. A High Intensity Source for the Molecular Beam. Part II. Experimental. Rev. Sci. Instr. 22 (1951), 333–337.
K. Hiraoka, I. Kudaka. Electrospray Interface for Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 4 (1990), 519–526.
R. Pertel. Molecular Beam sampling of Dynamic Systems. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 16 (1975), 39–52.
R. T. Gallagher, J. R. Chapman, M. Mann. Design and Performance of an Electrospray Ionization Source for a Doubly-focusing Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometer. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 4 (1990), 369–372.
R. D. Smith, J. A. Loo, C. G. Edmonds, C. J. Barinaga, H. R. Udseth. New Developments in Biochemical Mass Spectrometry: Electrospray Ionization. Anal. Chem. 62 (1990), 882–899.
E. E. Gulcicek, C. M. Whitehouse. Optimized Lens Configuration Studies for a Two Stage Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometer Interface. Washington: Proceedings of the 40th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. 1992. S. 1649–1650.
H. Budzikiewicz. Massenspektrometrie. Weinheim: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. 3. Auflage 1992. ISBN 3–527–26870–7.
F. M. Wampler, A. T. Blades, P. Kebarle. Negative Ion Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Nucleotides — Ionization from Water Solution with SF6 Discharge Suppression. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 4 (1993), 289–295.
M. G. Ikomonou, A. T. Blades, P. Kebarle. Electrospray-Ion Spray: A Comparison of Mechanisms and Performance. Anal. Chem. 63 (1991), 1989–1998.
J. W. Finch, B. D. Musselman, J. F. Banks, C. M. Whitehouse. Electrospray Ionization at LC Compatible Flow Rates on a Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometer. San Francisco: Proceedings of the 41st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. 1993. S. 287.
M. Mann. Quantitative Aspects of Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. Yale University: Dissertation. 1989.
M. Mann. Electrospray: Its Potential and Limitations as an Ionization Method for Biomolecules. Org. Mass Spectrom. 25 (1990), 575–587.
M. G. Ikonomou, A. T. Blades, P. Kebarle. Investigations of the Electrospray Interface for Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chenu 62 (1990), 957–967.
K. Hiraoka. How Are Ions Formed from Electrosprayed Charged Liquid Droplets? Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 6 (1992), 463–468.
K. Morand, G. Talbo, M. Mann. Oxidation of Peptides During Electrospray Ionization. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 7 (1993), 738–743.
G.J. van Berkel, S. A. McLuckey, G. L. Glish. Electrochemical Origin of Radical Cations Observed in Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectra. Anal. Chenu 64 (1992), 1586–1593.
D. P. H. Smith. The Electrohydrodynamic Atomization of Liquids. IEEE Transact. Industr. Applic. IA-22 (1986), 527–535.
U. Lüttgens. Optische Untersuchungen zum feldinduzierten Abbau von Glycerol unter den Bedingungen der elektrohydrodynamischen und Elektrospray-Massenspektrometrie. Universität Bonn: Diplomarbeit. 1990.
(a) I. Hayati, A. I. Bailey, T. F. Tadros. Investigations into the Mechanisms of Electrohydrodynamic Spraying of Liquids. I. Effect of Electric Field and the Environment of Pendant Drops and Factors Affecting the Formation of Stable Jets and Atomization. J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 117 (1987), 205–221.
(b) I. Hayati, A. I. Bailey, T. F. Tadros. Investigations into the Mechanisms of Electrohydrodynamic Spraying of Liquids. II. Mechanism of Stable Jet Formation and Electrical Forces Acting on a Liquid Cone. J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 117 (1987), 222–230.
G. Taylor. Disintegration of Water Drops in an Electric Field. Proc. Roy. Soc. London A 280 (1964), 383–397.
(a) J. F. de la Mora, A. Gomez. Remarks on the paper “Generation of Micron-sized Droplets from the Taylor Cone”. J. Aerosol. Sci. 24 (1993), 691–695.
(b) G. M. H. Meesters, J. C. M. Marijnissen, B. Scarlett. Response to Remarks by Fernandez de la Mora and Gomez on our paper “Generation of Micron-sized Droplets from the Taylor Cone”. J. Aerosol. Sci. 24 (1993), 697–702.
F. Charbonnier, C. Rolando, F. Sam, P. Hapiot, J. Pinson. Short Time-scale Observation of an Electrospray Current. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 7 (1993), 707–710.
M. G. Ikomonou, A. T. Blades, P. Kebarle. Electrospray Mass Spectrometry of Methanol and Water Solutions. Suppression of Electric Discharge with SF6 Gas. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2 (1991), 497–505.
A. T. Blades, M. G. Ikomonou, P. Kebarle. Mechanism of Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. Electrospray as an Electrolysis Cell. Anal. Chem. 63 (1991), 2109–2114.
J. Falbe, M. Regnitz (Hrsg.). Römpp Chemie-Lexikon. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag. 9. Auflage 1989–1992.
D. C. Gale, R. D. Smith. Small Volume and Low Flow-Rate Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Aqueous Samples. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 7 (1993), 1017–1021.
L. Tang, P. Kebarle. Effect of the Conductivity of the Electrosprayed Solution on the Electrospray Current. Factors Determining Analyte Sensitivity in Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 63 (1991), 2709–2715.
A. Raffaelli, A. P. Bruins. Factors Affecting the Ionization Efficiency of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds in Electrospray/Ionspray Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 5 (1991), 269–275.
A. Raffaeli, R. Kostiainen, A. P. Bruins. Interference from Sodium Salts and Sample Absorption in Electrospray Experiments. Amsterdam: Proceedings of the 12th Intern. Mass Spectrom. Conference. 1991.
L. Tang, P. Kebarle. Dependence of Ion Intensity in Electrospray Mass Spectrometry on the Concentration of the Analytes in the Electrosprayed Solution. Anal. Chem. 65 (1993), 3654–3668.
R. Kostiainen, A. P. Bruins. Sensitivity, Dynamic Range and Solvent Effects in Electrospray (IonSpray) Ionization. San Francisco: Proceedings of the 41st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. 1993.
(a) G. Hopfgartner, T. Wachs, K. Bean, J. Henion. High-Flow Ion Spray Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 65 (1993), 439–446.
(b) G. Hopfgartner, K. Bean, J. Henion, R. Henry. Ion Spray Mass Spectrometric Detection for Liquid Chromatography — A Concentration-or a Mass-Flow-Sensitive Device? J. Chromatogr. 647 (1993), 51–61.
W. M. A. Niessen, J. van der Greef. Liquid Chromatography — Mass Spectrometry: Principles and Applications. New York: Marcel Dekker. 1992. ISBN 0–8247–8635–1.
T. Erdez-Grüz. Kinetics of Electrode Processes. London: Adam Hilger. 1972. ISBN 8–527-4182–0. Kap. 3.6, S. 113–117.
P.J. Arpino, P. Krien, S. Vajta, G. Devant. Optimization of the Instrumental Parameters of a Combined Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer, coupled by an Interface for Direct Liquid Introduction. II. Nebulization of Liquids by Diaphragms. J. Chromatogr. 203 (1981), 117–130.
M. Mann, C. K. Meng, J. B. Fenn. Interpreting Mass Spectra of Multiply Charged Ions. Anal. Chem. 61 (1989), 1702–1708.
J. M. Curtis, C. D. Bradley, P. J. Derrick, M. M. Sheil. 4-Sector Tandem Mass Spectrometry — A Comparison of the Molecular and Quasi-Molecular Ions of the Cyclic Depsipeptide Valinomycin Formed Using Electron Impact, Chemical Ionization, Fast Atom Bombardment, Field Desorption and Electrospray Ionization. Org. Mass Spectrom. 27 (1992), 502–507.
(a) S. F. Gull, J. Skilling. Maximum Entropy Method in Image Processing. IEE Proc. 131 (1984), 646–659.
(b) B. Buck, V. A. MacAulay (Hrsg.). Maximum Entropy in Action. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1991. ISBN 0–19-853941-X.
A. G. Ferrige, M. J. Seddon, B. N. Green, S. A. Jarvis, J. Skilling. Disentangling Electrospray Spectra with Maximum Entropy. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 6 (1992), 707–711.
R. D. Voyksner, T. Pack. Investigation of Collisional-activation Decomposition Process and Spectra in the Transport Region of an Electrospray Single-quadrupole Mass Spectrometer. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 5 (1991), 263–268.
S. Pleasance, J. Kelly, M. D. Leblanc, M. A. Quilliam, R. K. Boyd, D. D. Kitts, K. McErlane, M. R. Bailey, D. H. North. Determination of Erythromycin A in Salmon Tissue by Liquid Chromatography with Ionspray Mass Spectrometry. Biol. Mass Spectrom. 21 (1992), 675–687.
K. B. Tomer, C. E. Parker. Biochemical Applications of Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. 492 (1989), 189–221.
P. Thibault, D. Faubert, S. Karunanithy, R. K. Boyd, C. F. B. Holmes. Isolation, Mass Spectrometric Characterization, and Protein Phosphatase Inhibition Properties of Cyclic Peptide Analogues of Gramici-din-S from Bacillus brevis (Nagano Strain). Biol. Mass Spectrom. 21 (1992), 367–379.
E. Jantzen, R.-D. Wilken. Zinnorganische Verbindungen in Hafensedimenten — Analytik und Beurteilung. Vom Wasser 76 (1991), 1–11.
W. Nigge, U. Marggraf, M. Linscheid. Determination of Tin Alkylates in Environmental Samples using Thermospray and Electrospray LC/MS. San Francisco: Proceedings of the 41st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. 1993. S. 401.
R. G. Cooks, J. H. Beynon, R. M. Caprioli, G. R. Lester. Metastable Ions. New York: Elsevier. 1973.
T. L. Jones, L. D. Betowski. Characterization of Alkyl-Tins and Aryl-Tins by Means of Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 7 (1993), 1003–1008.
K. W. M. Siu, G. J. Gardner, S. S. Berman. Ionspray Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry: Quantitation of Tributyltin in a Sediment Reference Material for Trace Metals. Anal. Chem. 61 (1989), 2320–2322.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hau, J. (1994). Literaturverzeichnis. In: Ionisation bei Atmosphärendruck. Deutscher Universitätsverlag, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14609-4_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14609-4_8
Publisher Name: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, Wiesbaden
Print ISBN: 978-3-8244-2055-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-663-14609-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive