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Part of the book series: Jahrbuch für Europa- und Nordamerika-Studien ((JBEUNS,volume 7))

Zusammenfassung

Probleme des Verhältnisses von „Kapital“ und „Arbeit“ stehen bis heute im Zentrum wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Entwicklung — dies erklärt die Lohnarbeitszentrierung der Sozialpolitik. Der Arbeitsvertrag schloss auch die soziale Sicherung des meist „weißen“, männlichen Normalarbeiters ein Allmählich entdeckte die Forschung, dass dieser Normalarbeitsvertrag von einem korrespondierenden Geschlechter„vertrag“ auf der Haushaltsebene begleitet wurde (vgl. Lewis 1992; Orloff 1993; Esping-Andersen 1999; Crouch 1999). Der Mann sollte die Hauptverantwortung für den Gelderwerb, die Frau für die alltägliche häusliche Sorge übernehmen. Im Ernährermodell waren zwar Leistungen zur Anerkennung dieser Sorgearbeit vorgesehen, allerdings um den Preis der ökonomischen Abhängigkeit der sorgenden Frauen. Nicht erwerbstätige Frauen und die Kinder hatten vom Ehemann bzw. Vater abgeleitete Ansprüche gegenüber der Sozialversicherung. Die Überlebensfähigkeit dieses Modells hing unabdingbar von der Vollbeschäftigung und der Dauerhaftigkeit der Ehe bzw. Zwei-Eltern-Familie ab.

Anmerkung der Übersetzerin: Jane Lewis spricht von einer “adult worker model family” und der Norm des “adult worker”. Diese Norm unterstellt, dass alle Erwerbsfähigen, Männer wie Frauen, auch erwerbstätig sind. Familien sollen daher aus zwei Erwerbstätigen bzw. zwei Verdienern bestehen. Im Folgenden wird “adult worker model family” je nach Kontext als „Zwei-Erwerbstätigen“- oder “Zwei-Verdiener-Familie” übersetzt. Geht es Lewis in ihren Aussagen vor allem um die neue Norm des erwerbsfähigen und -bereiten Erwachsenen, verwende ich den englischen Begriff “adult worker”.

Aus dem Englischen übersetzt von Ilona Osmer.

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Lewis, J. (2004). Auf dem Weg zur „Zwei-Erwerbstätigen“-Familie. In: Leitner, S., Ostner, I., Schratzenstaller, M. (eds) Wohlfahrtsstaat und Geschlechterverhältnis im Umbruch. Jahrbuch für Europa- und Nordamerika-Studien, vol 7. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-11874-9_4

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