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Die elektronische Gruppe als soziales Netzwerk

  • Chapter
Virtuelle Gruppen

Zusammenfassung

Bei der Analyse sozialer Netzwerke wird die soziale Struktur als musterartige Anordnung der Netzwerkteilnehmer und ihrer Beziehungen erfasst. Ziel der Analyse ist es, grundlegende Strukturmuster zu beschreiben, ihren Einfluß auf andere Variablen zu erklären und Veränderungen der sozialen Strukturen zu erfassen. So wurden bei der Analyse sozialer Netzwerke Methoden zur Erfassung struktureller Muster und der Zusammenhänge zwischen unterschiedlichen Beziehungsmustern, zur Analyse der Implikationen die strukturelle Muster für das Verhalten von Netzwerkteilnehmern haben, sowie zur Untersuchung der Auswirkungen, die von den Merkmalen und sozialen Beziehungen der Teilnehmer auf die soziale Struktur der Netzwerke ausgehen, entwickelt. In den vergangenen drei Jahrzehnten hat die Netzwerkanalyse eine Reihe sozialwissenschaftlicher Konzepte, Erkenntnisse und Methoden hervorgebracht (vgl. Berkowitz, 1982; Wellman, 1988b; Scott, 1991; Wasserman, Faust, 1993). So konnten die Forscher die Bedeutung sozialer Netzwerke für die interpersonale Unterstützung (vgl. Wellman, 1992), die Struktur von Aufständen und anderen politischen Auseinandersetzungen (vgl. Tilly, 1984), die Verteilung und Ansiedlung von Migranten (vgl. Salaff, Fong, Wong, 1999), die Verknüpfung eigentlich unvereinbarer Mitarbeiter am Arbeitsplatz, sowie beim Zusammenschluß zunächst unabhängig erscheinender Organisationen (vgl. Nohria, Eccles, 1992) nachweisen.

Der Originalbeitrag ist erschienen in: Sara Kiesler (Hrsg.), 1997: Culture of the Internet. Mahwah, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum. Übersetzung und Abdruck mit freundlicher Genehmigung des Verlags.

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Wellman, B. (2000). Die elektronische Gruppe als soziales Netzwerk. In: Thiedeke, U. (eds) Virtuelle Gruppen. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-11761-2_6

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