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Organisation, Fehler und Sicherheit

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Human Factors und Patientensicherheit in der Akutmedizin

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Zusammenfassung

Dieses Kapitel stellt Organisationen als Systeme dar, die jeweils eine spezifische Organisationskultur haben. Sicherheitskultur als die „DNS der Sicherheit“ wird diskutiert, ehe verschiedene wichtige Organisationstheorien vorgestellt werden: der Human-Factors-Ansatz, der die Unvermeidbarkeit von Fehlern in Organisationen betont, Perrows Theorie der „normalen“, durch die Komplexität von Systemen verursachten, Unfälle sowie Ansätze zu Hochzuverlässigkeit, aus denen die Medizin Nutzen ziehen kann. Darüber hinaus werden Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Lernens von der zivilen Aviatik diskutiert. Als Beispiele für Einflussfaktoren, die im Sinne latenter Fehler auf das Handeln der Ärzte und Pflegekräfte „am scharfen Ende“ des Systems wirken, werden Konzepte der Ablauforganisation, Medizingerätetechnik und Personalmanagement dargestellt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Deutschland

    Michael St.Pierre

  2. Team HF - Human Factors Forschung Beratung und Training, Hofinger, Künzer & Mähler PartG, Ludwigsburg, Deutschland

    Gesine Hofinger

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St.Pierre, M., Hofinger, G. (2020). Organisation, Fehler und Sicherheit. In: Human Factors und Patientensicherheit in der Akutmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60485-4_14

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