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Behandlung der PTBS bei Erwachsenen

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S3-Leitlinie Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung

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Zusammenfassung

Die zentralen Bausteine der Diagnostik einer Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) sind die Erfassung der traumatischen Ereignisse sowie die assoziierten Folgen auf symptomatischer und funktionaler Ebene. Für die Diagnosestellung nach der International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) [16] sind die dort definierten Kriterien und für die funktionale Gesundheit das Klassifikationssystem der Internationalen Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit (ICF) relevant [17]. Dabei sollte die spezifische Diagnosestellung der PTBS in eine Gesamtdiagnostik eingebettet sein, welche die Aus- und Nachwirkungen auf die aktuelle Lebenssituation, komorbide Symptome sowie Chronifizierungsfolgen erfasst, aber auch salutogenetische Faktoren und den prätraumatischen Status erfragt. Über die Diagnose hinaus sollten sowohl die resultierenden Beeinträchtigungen der Aktivität und Teilhabe als auch die allgemeinen (Familien-, Wohn- und Arbeitssituation, regionale medizinische/psychotherapeutische Versorgung, gesundheitlicher Status) und spezifischen Kontextfaktoren erhoben werden. Hierzu gehören z. B. Täterkontakte, dependente Gewaltbeziehungen sowie z. B. der Rechts- und Aufenthaltsstatus bei Flüchtlingen [18]. Als Prozedere bei der Diagnostik wird häufig die folgende Sequenz eingehalten: Erhebung der Traumavorgeschichte sowie der Spontansymptomatik in der Anamnese, Durchführung eines Fragebogentests als Screening der Symptomintensität sowie bei entsprechender Indikation die Durchführung eines diagnostischen Interviews [2]. Ergänzend sollte potenziell bestehende Komorbidität explizit berücksichtigt und erfasst werden. Bei der Traumaanamnese (Erhebung früherer traumatischer Erfahrungen und Indextrauma) ist es in der Regel initial nicht notwendig bzw. indiziert Details der traumatischen Erfahrung zu explorieren, sondern ausreichend, eine kurze Beschreibung des Erlebten zu erheben. Ein Beharren auf detaillierten Beschreibungen während der ersten Interaktionsphase kann sich potenziell negativ auf die Therapie- und Beziehungsgestaltung auswirken [3].

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universität Zürich, Psychologisches Institut, Abteilung Psychopathologie und Klinische Intervention, Zürich, Schweiz

    Mareike Augsburger

  2. Alexianer Krefeld GmbH, Krefeld, Deutschland

    Robert Bering

  3. Zentrum ÜBERLEBEN gGmbH, Berlin, Deutschland

    Maria Böttche

  4. Freie Universität Berlin, AB Klinisch Psychologische Intervention, Berlin, Deutschland

    Maria Böttche

  5. München, Deutschland

    Thomas Ehring

  6. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Deutschland

    Ulrich Frommberger

  7. MediClin Klinik an der Lindenhöhe, Offenburg, Deutschland

    Ulrich Frommberger

  8. Mittelangeln, Schleswig-Holstein, Deutschland

    Ursula Gast

  9. Psychopathologie und Klinische Intervention, Zürich, Switzerland

    Tobias Hecker

  10. EMDR-Institut Deutschland, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany

    Arne Hoffmann

  11. Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Birgit Kleim

  12. Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Birgit Kleim

  13. FB Erziehungswissenschaft, Berlin, Germany

    Christine Knaevelsrud

  14. Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Volker Köllner

  15. Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Gießen, Deutschland

    Johannes Kruse

  16. Innsbruck, Austria

    Astrid Lampe

  17. Praxis Peter Liebermann, Leverkusen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Deutschland

    Peter Liebermann

  18. Kl. für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

    Annett Lotzin

  19. Psychologisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Andreas Maercker

  20. Duisburg, Deutschland

    Helga Mattheß

  21. Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Deutschland

    Tanja Michael

  22. Universität Bielefeld, Abteilung für Psychologie, Bielefeld, Deutschland

    Frank Neuner

  23. Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Heinrich Rau

  24. Institut für Allgemeinmedizin (ifam), Centre for Health and Society (chs), Düsseldorf, Deutschland

    Olaf Reddemann

  25. Rosdorf, Deutschland

    Ulrich Sachsse

  26. Klinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

    Ingo Schäfer

  27. Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Dresden, Deutschland

    Julia Schellong

  28. keine, Bonn, Germany

    Wolfgang Wöller

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  1. Mareike Augsburger
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mareike Augsburger .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. MPH, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

    Ingo Schäfer

  2. Mittelangeln, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

    Ursula Gast

  3. EMDR-Institut Deutschland, EMDR-Institut Deutschland, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany

    Arne Hofmann

  4. FB Erziehungswissenschaft, FU Berlin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Christine Knaevelsrud

  5. Innsbruck, Austria

    Astrid Lampe

  6. Praxis Peter Liebermann, Leverkusen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Peter Liebermann

  7. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

    Annett Lotzin

  8. Psychologisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Andreas Maercker

  9. Kath Univ Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Bayern, Germany

    Rita Rosner

  10. keine, Bonn, Germany

    Wolfgang Wöller

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© 2019 Ingo Schäfer, Ursula Gast, Arne Hofmann, Christine Knaevelsrud, Astrid Lampe, Peter Liebermann, Annett Lotzin, Andreas Maercker, Rita Rosner, Wolfgang Wöller

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Augsburger, M. et al. (2019). Behandlung der PTBS bei Erwachsenen. In: Schäfer, I., et al. S3-Leitlinie Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59783-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59783-5_2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-59782-8

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